1、1Practice makes perfect!高中英语-状语从句一、概念：状语通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。 状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词。二、分类及使用1. 时间状语从句 (1) when .when 引导的时间状语从句，其动词既可以是延续性动作的动词，也可以是瞬间性动作的动词，可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前。 when you apply for a job, you must present your credentials. wh
2、en 还可表示 just then（正在那时）的意思，此时所引导的从句放在主句之后。we were about to start when it began to rain. (2) as 引导的时间状语从句 as 侧重表示主句和从句的动作并相发生,翻译成一边，一边。 We were having breakfast as she was combing her hair.(3) while “在期间” ，所引导的从句的动作是延续性的，并表示和主句的动作同时发生。(4) before 引导 before“在之前” Ill be back before you have left. before
3、“之后才 ” It may be many years before we meet again. (5) as soon as/once/directly/the instant 等引导 as soon as 是最常见的表示“一就”的从属连词，其他连词还有immediately，instantly，the instant (that)，the minute(that) ，the moment(that)等，它们通常都可与 as soon as 换用。As soon as we got home, the telephone rang. I recognized her immediately
4、 I saw her. (6) hardly.when/no sooner.than 引导 关联从属连词 hardly/barely/scarcely.when 和 no sooner.than 的意思是“刚就” ，它们所引导的从句中的谓语动词通常为过去完成时。如： He had no sooner (no sooner had he)arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. (7) since 引导在含有 since 引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，从句的谓语动词通常为一般过去时，主句2Practice makes
5、perfect!的谓语动词通常为现在完成时、过去完成时和一般现在时： Weve never met since we graduated from the college. 大学毕业后我们就再没见过面。 (8) till/until 引导 till 和 until 同义，作“直到时(为止)”解。Donald will remain in college until(till) he finishes his Ph.D course. 2. 地点状语从句 (1) where 引导 “在（或到）的地方” Where there is a will, there is a way. (2) wher
6、ever 引导 wherever=no matter where,后者只能放句首。 Whereever (no matter where) they went, the experts were warmly welcomed. 3. 原因状语从句 (1) because 引导 通常用于回答 why 引出的疑问句，从句一般位于主句后面。 I didnt go abroad with her because I couldnt afford it. (2) as 引导 从句多位于主句之前，通常可以和 since 换用。As I didnt know the way，I asked a polic
7、eman. (3) since 引导 从句多位于主句之前，可以和 as 换用。Since traveling by air is much faster,they decided to take a plane. (4) now(that)引导的原因状语从句 now(that)“既然” ， Now(that) you have passed your test you can drive on your own. (5) seeing (that)引导的原因状语从句 Seeing (that)“鉴于；由于” ，通常用于非正式文体。 Seeing (that) the weather is ba
8、d，well stay at home. 4. 目的状语从句 (1) in order that 引导 “为了；以便 ”。多用于正式文体，可以与 so that 换用。They stopped at Hangzhou in order that they could go around West Lake. (2) so (that)引导 “为了；以便” 。so that 通常可以与 in order that 换用，它所引导的目的状语从句总是放在主句之后，在非正式文体中，常省略 that。如： Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (3
9、) in case/for fear (that)等引导 in case，for fear(that)这俩个从属连词都表示否定目的，意思是“以免”,“以防” 。in case它所引导的从句中的谓语动词可以是陈述语气形式，也可以是虚拟语气形式；for fear(that)引导的从句中的谓语带有 may，might，should 等情态动词 3Practice makes perfect!Take your umbrella in case it rains. He took an umbrella with him for fear that it might rain. 5. 结果状语从句 (
10、1) so that 引导 从句只能位于主句之后，so that 引导什么从句根据句意来判断 Suddenly it began to rain heavily, so that it was almost impossible to carry on driving. (2) so.that 引导 “如此以致” ，that 可以省略，so 后面接形容词或副词。She spoke so fast that nobody could catch what she was saying. (3) such.that 引导的结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的 such.that 的具体内容是：such
11、+a/an+形容词+名词+that 从句。such+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that=so+ 形容词+a/an+ 单数名词+that 从句。 The professor told us such a funny story that all the students laughed =The professor told us so funny a story that all the students laughed. 6. 条件状语从句 (1) if 引导 译成“如果” If I were a bird ,I would fly. (2) unless 引导否定条件状语从句，在意义上相
12、当于 if.not，语气较强，一般不用虚拟语气。Youll be late unless you hurry. (3) if only 引导 意为“只要；如果” 。Ill let you use the car if only you keep it in good condition. (4) as/so long as 引导 意为“只要；如果” 。 As long as it doesnt rain, we can play. (5) provided (that)/providing (that)引导 意为“如果；只要 ”。I will agree to go providing tha
13、t my expense are paid. 7. 让步状语从句 (1) although/though 引导 都作 “虽然；尽管”解，通常可以换用，Although they have been talking for a long time, he cannot make her believe him. (2) even if/though 引导 “即使，纵然” ，从句表示的是尚未发生的动作或存在的情况。Even if I failed again, I will not give up the experiment. (4) while 引导 意为“虽然，尽管” ， 4Practice
14、 makes perfect!While I understand your point of view，I do not share it. (5) whatever/no matter what 引导 作“无论什么”解， Whatever/No matter what he says，dont go. (6) whichever/no matter which 引导 作“无论哪个”解 Whichever/No matter which you buy， there is a six-month guarantee. (7) whoever/no matter who 引导 作“无论谁”解
15、You cant come in， whoever you are. (8) however/no matter how 引导 作“无论如何”解 However high it may be，it cant reach the sky. (9) whenever/no matter when 引导 作“无论何时”解， Whenever Im unhappy，he cheers me up. (10) as 引导 作 “虽然；尽管 ”和“即使”解,此时要用倒装句Strong as you maybe, you cannot lift it. Late as it was, they contin
16、ued to study. 8. 方式状语从句 (1) as 引导 意为 “以方式；如同 那样” ，从句有时是省略句。Air is to man as water is to fish. (2) as if/as though 引导 作“好像，仿佛”解。 从句往往用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。 They looked at me as if /as though I were mad. 9. 比较状语从句 (1) as.as 引导 表示同级比较，主句中用形容词或副词的原级形式，从句常常为省略句。We were as fortunate as them (they were) (2) not so
17、/as.as 引导 表示同级比较，意为“不如”Thats not so/as simple as it sounds. 基础训练1. It is 3 years _ Mr. Wallace bought this watch and it will be 3 years _ he buys another one.2. After the war, a new school building was built _ there used to be a theatre. 3. Guo Jingming had to stand on the table _ _ he could be seen
18、 by his fans. 4. His plan was _ a good one that we all agreed to accept it.5. You will succeed in the end _ you give up half way.5Practice makes perfect!6. _ Tom comes from Canada, he knows Chinese manners very well.7. The teacher often joined students activities _ _ she were a student like us.8. Wh
19、en in Rome, do _ the Romans do.状语从句专项练习一、单选：( )1. 14安徽卷 The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times _ it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”Abefore Bafter Csince Dwhile ( )214 北京卷 _ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. AAs BWhen CEven though DIn case (
20、)3. 14湖南卷 You will never gain success_you are fully devoted to your work. A. when B. because C. after D. unless ( )414江苏卷Lessons can be learned to face the future, _ history cannot be changed. Athough Bas Csince Dunless ( )5. 14江西卷 It was the middle of the night _ my father woke me up and told me to
21、watch the football game.A. that B. as C. which D. when ( )6. 14陕西卷 The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left _ I could ask for their names. A. while B. before C. after D. since ( )7. 14四川卷 Ill be out for some time. _ anything important happens, call me up immediately. A. In case B. As if C
22、. Even though D. Now that ( )8. 14天津卷 _ you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much easier. A. Unless B. Although C. Before D. Once ( )914浙江卷Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _ she could stay home and6Practice makes perfect!raise her family.Anow that Bas if Conly
23、if Dso that ( )10. 14重庆卷 Half an hour later, Lucy still couldnt get a taxi _ the bus haddropped her. A. until B. when C. although D. where( )11. 07 浙江卷Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _ they knew it to be valuable. A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that ( )12. 15浙江 _ a single wo
24、rd can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph. A. Just as B. Even though C. Until D. Unless ( )13. 15安徽_ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. A. Where B. As C. In case D. Now that ( )14. 08 全国卷
25、 Have you got any idea for the summer vacation? I dont mind where we get _ theres sun, sea and beach. A. as if B. as long as C. now that D. in order that 二、改错：(1) In the last five years that theyve climbed churches, high buildings and television towers.(2) Charles said, “As soon I see a really tall
26、building, I want to climb it. (3) However, there are still some countries there people have shorter lives. (4) In other places you are limited to a certain number, of that some may be novels. (5)And whether you pay the cost of sending a postcard, the librarian will write to you. (6) I also enjoyed t
27、he evenings when we spent together. (7) I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. (8)But it didnt matter that I would win or not. (9) I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf. (10) For example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put it in a secret place where I couldnt find. (11) It was abo
28、ut noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain. 7Practice makes perfect!(12) Besides, I have few friends, I dont know that they dont like to talk with me. (13) I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei. (14) It has been five years when we graduated, but those memories are as sweet as ever before. (15) Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill.
