1、第 1 页 共 7 页高考英语阅读七选五高考英语阅读七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。可以 说，此 题型是对语言能力和 阅读理解能力的综合测试。七选五阅读 6 大解题方略：基础差也可得满分1. 略读文章抓大意即以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的大小标题、首段、每段的首句，以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语(特别是 however,but 等后的内容)等重要部分，以了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。事实上，一般只需花 510 秒阅读大小标题和第一段首尾句即可
2、。2. 重点阅读上下句因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺，解 题时 大多只看上句，或只看下句，就可基本确定答案。事实上，如果没有时间来得及通 读或细读，或者基 础不够扎实 即使读也读不懂，建议通过以下技巧，也基本上可以得满分。3. 看看结构变轻松在解题过程中，除了每做一道有把握的 题后就在 7 个选项中将其画掉缩小范围外，通 过观察语言结构也可将选择范围大大缩小，心情 变得更加轻松，一般可将 7 个选项缩小到 24 个选项，碰对的机率大大提高。(1)标题结构如果考查段落标题，先看看其他 标题的语言形式，同一文章中的几个段落小标题基本上是同一语言形式。如果其他标题是名词短 语， 该
3、题答案也是名词短语；如果其他 标题是祈使句，该题的答案也是祈使句。如：1. The basic function of money.Being explaining the basic function of money 2. Money lessons.Approach money lessons with openness3. 74Begin at the grocery store. Pick out similar brands of a product-a name brand butter and a generic(无商标产品), for example. You can sho
4、w your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. (2011 新课标卷)A. Wise decisions.B. The value of money.解析：本题要求选小标题。观察其他标题 ，都是名 词短语，因此，本标题也应是名 词短语；七个选项中只有 A、B 两个选项是名词短语，这样就可大大缩 小选择范围；浏览两个 选项，再看空后文字，发现 decisions 与 choices 大意相同( 近义词)Money MattersParents sh
5、ould help their children understand money. 1 So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.The basic function of moneyBegin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. It is impo
6、rtant to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have.If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier(收银员). 2 When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of us
7、ing money.Money lessonsApproach money lessons with openness and honesty. 3 If you must say no to a childs request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”4 第 2 页 共 7
8、 页Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product- a name-brand butter and a generic (无商标产品)， for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. 5 If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another p
9、urchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.AWise decisionsBThe value of moneyCPermit the child to choose between them.DTell your child why he can or cannot - have certain things.E. Ask yourself what things that cost money
10、are most important to you.F. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.(2)句子结构如果正确选项只是某个句子的一个部分，就要看看空后这个部分是不是句子，如果是句子，看看是否有连词，如果没有连词，要选的正确选项就 应是短语或是带有连词的从句。如：Training for a marathon requ
11、ires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 36 , buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find. (2015 新课标 卷 II)A. After six daysB. For a good marathon runnerC. Before you begin your trainingE. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them解
12、析：从句式结构上看，逗号后是祈使句，没有连词，正确答案要么是带有连词的从句，要么是一个短语，只有 A、 B、 C、 E 四个选项符合，这样就 缩小了选择范围；根据空前句中的 preparation (准备)，和常识 可知是“ 训练前”4. 词语复现显神功作者或说话人在谈论某个话题或主题时，与主题相关的词语必定会以原词、同 义词或近义词等形式在上下文中重复出现，这 种现象叫词语复 现。同一个 词的重复出现叫原词复 现；以同义词的形式重复出现，叫同义复现；以近义词或近义表达(意思相近，表达方式不同)的形式重复出现，叫近义复现；以词义相同而词性不同的形式重复出现，叫同根复 现。 还 有上义词与下义词
13、的复现(adult 是 teacher,parent 的上义词，而teacher,parent 就是 adult 的下义词)。词语复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段，而七 选五正是考查语篇衔接，因此，利用词语复现解七选五十分管用。在近五年的 8 套全国新课标卷共 40 道题中有 13 道题利用这一招可直接选出答案，利用这一招可将选项缩小到 2 个选项的还有 5 道，也就是说，平均起来，几乎有一半的 题仅用这一招就可解决。如：39 If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a differen
14、ce between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. (2015 新课标卷 I)A. Learn to really trust yourself.C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.解析：要求选段落主题句。空后句三次出现 victim 一词, 七个选项中只有选项 C 中有 victim，原词复现。将 选项 C“不要把自己当作受害者”代入空格处 ，与下文 衔接紧密，故选 C
15、项。本段结构：总(总领) 分(细说)。值得注意的是，有的题利用词语复 现解题十分管用，但 这并不意味着凡与上句或下句有复 现词的选项就一定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大，在解题过程中需重点考虑或优选考虑而已。是否为正确答案， 还得将含复现词的选项代入原文，看 该选项 与上下文是否真的衔接，只有上下衔接紧密的才是正确选项。如：38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-bein
16、g. (2015 新课标卷 I)A. Learn to really trust yourself.B. It is putting confidence in someone.第 3 页 共 7 页C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.解析：要求选段落主题句。不要因为选项 B 与空后句中都有 confidence，原词复现就选 B，也不要因为选项 C 中与空后句中都有 yourself，原词复现就选 C。选项 A 中的 trust yourself 与空格后的 Having confidence in yourself(信任你自己)是同义复现，所以
17、该选项是重点考虑对象；将选项 A 代入原文，上下句意为“学会真正地信任你自己。信任你自己有助于做出更好的选择” 语义衔 接紧密Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, That is a risk. But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoe
18、r takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal. Whether weve been suffer from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore, Its understandable, but if youre willing to build tru
19、st in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the bestoutcome would be for your well-being.If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference
20、between beinga victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, well have our trust tested or violated.You didnt lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from thisnstead, its a healthy way to work through the experience t
21、o allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A. Learn to really trust yourself.B. It is putting confidence in someone.CStop regarding yourself as the victim.DRemember that you can expect the best in return.ETheyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.FThis knowledge carr
22、ies over in their attitude toward their future relationships.GSeeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.BEACG5. 代词逻辑亦管用我们知道，七选五就是考 查上下文之 间的衔接，而代 词是语篇衔接的重要手段之一，故解题中要善于利用这一衔接手段。如：Try to solve the problem. After youre calm and you have support from adults and friends,
23、its time to get down to business. 74 Even if you cant solve it all, you can solve a piece of it. (2012 新课标卷)D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.E. You need to figure out what the problem is.F. And dont forget about your friends.解析：本段主题句是“Try to solve the problem”，空后句又有 solve it，其中 it 指什么
24、？当然是 the problem，因此，前句中一定会出现 problem 一词，七个选项中只有 E 项符合。根据空格句与上下句之间的逻辑关系来解题，如解释关系(对前句或对主题的进一步解释) 、并列关系、转折关系、因果关系、递进关系等。如：Get a coach51 , so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when d
25、eciding the training thats right for you. (2013 新课标卷 II)C. Turn your back on too many rulesD. Check the rules about dos and dontsE. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough第 4 页 共 7 页解析：由空后的 so(因此，引出 结果) 可知，空处要填的应是“ 要得到帮助”的原因；选项 E 中 public speaking is tough (当众演讲是困难的)正是寻求帮助的原因。(因果逻辑关系)Pub
26、lic Speaking TrainingGet a coach1 so get help.Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses,here are some things to look for when deciding the training thats right for youFocus on positivesAny training you do to become more effective
27、at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you arent doing well. 2 , so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldnt do 3 If you find a public speakin
28、g course that looks as thoughits going to give you lots of dos and donts ,walk away ! Yourbrain is so full of what youre going to be talking about 4 .As far as were concerned ,there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speakingYour audience can be your friendsYou are a special person no
29、t a cloneMost importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits 5 Your training courseshould help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone youre notA.You arent like anybody elseB. You already do lots of things wellC. T
30、urn your back on too many rulesD. Check the rules about dos and dontsE.Whatever the presentation, public speaking is toughF. The one thing you dont want is for them to fall asleepG. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse6. 篇章需要基本功有的题利用文章或段落的“总 分” 结构关系来解，也很管用，但需要以
31、下基本功：懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构通常是主题句(总)+ 支撑句(分)(分述主题的具体内容/说明原因/举例证明等)。如：From my experience, there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often: ability, money, and time. 36 Money is a topic Ill save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time y
32、ou spend in the kitchen. (2014 新课标卷 II)A. Try new things.B. Ability is easily improved.C. Make three or four instead.解析：空前主题句中提到 ability,money, time 三个主要原因，空后提到了 money 与 time, 所以这里应是谈 ability, 众所周知，有问就有答，问什么就答什么。根据这一常识，对解题也很有帮助。如：The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 By helping them
33、develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. (2014 新课标卷 I)C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable ski
34、ll.解析：由空后 By doing sth. (通过做某事)这个表示方式的介词短语可知，此空应该是一个以 how 开头的疑问句，此外，有时利用词语 同现也有助于 选出正确选项。所 谓词语同现，就是有相互关联的词语在上下文中有同时出现的可能性。如 school, teacher, student, headmaster, class, test, fall, pass,maths, learn 等这些词就有可能在同一篇文章中同时出现。如：第 5 页 共 7 页Your children need to be deeply curious. 37 Ask kids, “What ingredie
35、nts(配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?”(2014 新课标卷 I)A. Encourage kids to cook with you.B. And we cant forget science education.C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.解析：与空后句中的 ingredients(配料)，pancakes(薄煎饼)可能同时出现的，只有选项？The jobs of the future have no
36、t been invented, 1 :By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 1. Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious. 2 Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time” and then try them out. Did those ing
37、redients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time? 2. Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 3 There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way
38、in helping them develop their Creativity. 3. Interpersonal Skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what is going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 4 “Why
39、do you think she is crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”4. Self Expression 5 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is at
40、tracted by one more than another. AEncourage kids to cook with you.BAnd we cant forget science education.CWe can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.DSo how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop th
41、is skill. F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.高考英语七选五阅读解题的十大技巧技巧一：从细节逻辑上判断-因果关系在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白 这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的 连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在 读懂意思的基础上，判断它们之间的关系来进一步确认答案。因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和
42、结果之间的关系， 这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况。表示因果关系的连词有 as a result 结果，thus/therefore 因此，so (such).如此-以至于等。技巧二：从细节逻辑上判断-转 折关系第 6 页 共 7 页转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个 转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有：However 然而, nevertheless 仍然，然而，不过, nonetheless 尽管如此，依然，然而, still 还 ；然而, though 可是，不 过，然而 , yet 然而, in
43、 spite of 不顾，不管, at any rate 无论如何，至少, in any case 无论如何，不管怎样, whoever 无论是谁, whatever 无论什么，on the contrary 正相反, in contrast 与此相反, 相比之下, by contrast 相反, 相比之下, in comparison 比较起来，比较地, by comparison 相比之下, conversely 相反(地), otherwise 否则；除此以外，not-but不是-而是，as well 也等。技巧三：从细节逻辑上判断-例 证关系前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例
44、证的形式多样，但就其本 质而言无非是思维上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观 点）的辩证关系，用到的思 维过 程无非就是基本的归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从观点到例子）。技巧四：从细节逻辑上判断-递进 关系递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个 递进的句子。表示递进关系的连词有：also 也, 而且, further 另外(的)；, furthermore 而且，此外, likewise 同样地，照样地；也，又, similarly 相似地， 类似地, moreover 而且再者，此外, in addition 另外，
45、加之, whats more 更重要的是, too 也， 还, either 也, neither 两者都不, not onlybut also 不但而且等。技巧五：从细节逻辑上判断-平列关系表示列举关系的有：first 首先, 第一, second 第二, third 第三; firstly 第一, 首先, secondly 第二(点)；其次, thirdly 第三; first 第一, next 其次, then 那么, 然后; in the first place 第一，首先, in the second place 第二, 其次; for one thing 首先，一 则, for a
46、nother thing 其次; to begin with 首先，第一, to conclude 首先，第一等技巧六：从词汇线索上判断-代 词英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代 词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。技巧七：从词汇线索上判断-同 义词/近义词英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近 义表达语甚至相同 词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本 质而言，上文 讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下 义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。技巧八：从词汇线索上判断-上下 义词/同一范畴词上下义词和同一范畴
47、词就是前者包含了后者，或可以 说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题。技巧九：从试题位置上判断-问题 在段首假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主 题句。 认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主 题句。另外着重阅读后文第一两句，锁 定线索信号词，然后在 选项中 查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时 。技巧十：从试题位置上判断-问题 在段尾所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此 时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的
48、衔接。认真阅读 下一段开头几句，看是否与 选项 的最后一句紧密连接起来。分析与前文是转折或是对比关系。此 时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、 对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认 真阅读，看此 处是细节还是主 题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如 therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word 等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。第 7 页 共 7 页
