1、1全国高等教育自学考试指定教材 英语专业（本科段）课程代码 0600（2000 版）主编：王家湘高级英语 课后答案Lesson One Rock Superstars:What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society?A 1. 1) The author uses the two quotations to introduce the discussion and express his ideas about rock music and young culture heroes. 2) Yes, they are.2. The aut
2、hor uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstars very much, but the adults find these rock superstars are sick. These examples are used to show that young people and adults have totally different attitudes towards rock music.3. Irving Horowitz believes that rock
3、music can express its time. He sees it as a debating forum where American society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs.4. When he appeared on the Ed. Sullivan Sunday night variety show in front of millions, a kind of “debate” took place. Most of the old people frowned while most
4、 of the young viewers applauded.5. Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety. The Rolling Stones demanded revolution.6. Apart from politics, the rock music dealt with a range of feelings and emotions.7. The rock superstars got applause, praise and money.8. No, he h
5、asnt. It is impossible for the author to give a complete answer in a short article. He ends his article with questions because he wants to leave the question to the readers and let them think.B1. 他描述道：“贾格尔抓起半加仑水，沿着前台跑，边跑边把水洒向前几排酷热难耐的歌迷身上”2. 你对这种赞美和英雄崇拜是怎样看的？3. 或者是由于他把你狂热的幻想表演出来了，你就不知不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑吸引？
6、4. 一些社会学家认为，你对这些问题的回答，可以说明你在想什么，社会在想什么。换句话说，可以说明你和你所在社会的立场。5. 只不过艾尔维斯的演唱体现了 20 世纪 50 年代青少年那种沮丧的精神状态。6. 感情总是任何音乐表达的一种成分，也是一个重要主题。7. 霍罗威茨认为，这种乡间音乐成分有助于听众表达“摆脱这一切” 、 “重归昔日”的强烈愿望。8. 在 1972 年的一次全国民意测验中，10%以上的中学男生以及 20%的女声说他们心目中的英雄是超级摇滚歌星。C1. embody 2. act out 3. sprinkled 4. sweltering 5. idle 6. rejecte
7、d 7. rather than 8. reverence/worship D1. debating 2. proud 3. blend, mix 4. conceive5. were dressed 6. idealistic 7. admiration 8. rumbling2E1. disgusting2. Editors wrote articles to attack him3. the confusions of the old people4. advocated peace and devotion5. The words of the song praise the natu
8、ral happiness of the old days.6. reflect emotions and favor7. a place where ideas come into opposition and try to defeat each other8. other successful rock stars at presentFRock music began in America in the late 1950s. It was not only a new musical form, but also a forum for the America youth to ex
9、press their ideas of the world and life. On this forum, the stars sang out the attitudes of the youth towards civil rights, war and peace, their disaffection of the society, and a range of emotions between love and hate. All in all, on this forum, the American youth redefined their beliefs and feeli
10、ngs for American society. The typical representatives of the early rock music were Elvis Presley, singer and poet Bob Dylan, the Beatles, the Rolling Stones and so on. They were the culture heroes worshipped by young people.Lesson Two Four Choices for Young PeopleA 1. They look at the adult world wi
11、th great skepticism.2. “drop out” means to withdraw from conventional society. The author says that the dropouts are parasitic because they batten on the society in which they refuse to take any responsibility.3. The difference is that people who flee are not parasites. They are willing to support t
12、hemselves and to contribute something to the general community.4. Because our planet is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes, and except for the polar regions, the frontiers are gone.5. Young people who are more active and idealistic tend to follow the strategy of armed revolution.6
13、. Because they will live in bitter disillusionment to see the new establishment is just as hard-faced and stuffy as the old one.7. For example, the problems of an affluent society, of racial justice, of keeping our cities from becoming uninhabitable ,of population explosion and so on. 8. The fourth
14、alternative is trying to change the world gradually, one clod at a time. The author favors this alternative because he thinks it offers a better chance for remedying some of the worlds outrages than any other available strategy.B1. 很显然，他的话代表了许多同龄人的心声。2. 在过去的几年里，我曾听过许多在校大学生或已走出校门的年轻人的想法。他们对成人社会也是同样的紧
15、张不安。3. 他们愿意养活自己,并为社会做出贡献。他们只是不喜欢文明社会的环境，也就是不喜欢那充满丑陋和压力的城市。4. 一些有钱的绅士农场主仍旧能够遁人田园。5. 在他们看来，这种方式具有传奇般的感召力，通常以某个魄力十足且具有超凡魅力的人物为代表。6. 他们最大的成功也绝不可能带来一个他们所期望的崭新的世界个涤荡了所有人类污浊的崭新的世界。37. 革命政府，无论贴上什么样的政治标签，都必须要由销售、卫生工程和各级政府机关的行家管理，而不 是由狂暴的浪漫主义者管理。8. 关于这种办法值得一提的是,它有时会奏效在这特定的时期和地点，它能够提供比其他任何可用的方式都要好的遏制社会暴行的良方。C1
16、. satisfying 2. cleansed 3. symbolize 4. ran out of5. unprecedented 6. insoluble 7. struck 8. virtuallyD1. glance 2. relative 3. exasperated 4. noisome5. inhabited 6. cluttered 7. idealistic 8. appealE1. were also worried about the adult world.2. They dont live off others(They dont batten on society
17、).3. was also practiced by our ancestors in ancient times.4. All the unpleasant things of the city：crimes, social injustice, unemployment or the mental strain caused by severe competition.5. Their success never brings about a completely new and different world.6. This strategy is not attractive at a
18、ll.7. Changing and curing the cruelty and violence of the world better than any other possible ways.8. Another problem soon appears before them.FAmerican young people in the 1960s were a generation of rebellion. They found America, an affluent society, full of poverty, injustice and hypocrisy. They
19、no longer believed in the adult world which did not belong to them and rejected its beliefs and values. Many young people threw themselves into tie battles against poverty, facial discrimination and Vietnam War. Some of them even attempted to overthrow the society through revolution. Many others exp
20、ressed their resentment in passive ways. They took drugs and lived a parasitic life without taking any social responsibility, or fled to the unsullied countryside to live a rather primitive communal life.Lesson Three The Use of ForceA 1. Because it was very damp there sometimes. They had her in the
21、kitchen where it was warm.2. Because they were new patients and they knew how stubborn their child was. They thought it was hard to diagnose the child. Besides, they just spent three dollars on the doctor. They doubted whether the doctor could do his best in such cases.3. She didnt know the seriousn
22、ess of the diseasediphtheria. And she didnt want the doctor to find that her tonsils were covered with membrane, she was very self-willed. All these made her refuse to open her mouth.4. Because the doctor had seen at least two children lying dead in bed of neglect in such cases. He must diagnose in
23、time. Besides, a blind fury, a feeling of adult shame, bred of a longing for muscular release are the immediate operatives.5. Before the doctor could see anything she came down again and gripped the wooden blade between her molars.6. In the final unreasoning assault the doctor overpowered the childs
24、 neck and jaws. He forced the heavy silver spoon back of the girls teeth and down her throat.47. This is an open-ended question. In a sense, theres some relation between the girls physical beauty and the outcome of the incident. The girls parents spoiled her because of her beauty, This formed her se
25、lf-willed character. If the girl was ugly, the situation may be different. However, in another sense, theres no necessary relation between the girls beauty and the outcome of the incident. Thats because a childs character is affected by various elements. No matter a child is pretty or not, he may be
26、come a self-willed child.8. Yes. His purpose was good. But the means he employed to exam the girls throat was too rude. And he hurt the girls feeling.B1. 当我到达时，孩子的母亲迎接了我。她是一位大块头的女人，脸上带着惊慌，衣着干净，满面歉意。她只是简单地说，你是大夫吗？就让我进去了。2. 他试图站起来，但我示意他不必麻烦了。我脱下大衣开始检査。3. 像通常一样,在这种情况下，他们告诉我的绝不会比他们不得不说的多，得靠我来告诉他们。4. 我用我
27、那最好的职业微笑笑着问那孩子的名字，然后我说，过来，玛蒂尔达5. 听到这话我厌恶地咬咬牙。如果他们不用“伤害”这个词，我或许会做成了一些什么。6. 在接下来的较量中他们变得越来越可怜、受压制、精疲力竭,而她由于对我的害怕产生的狂怒当然已经达到了惊人的程度。7. 她张开了嘴,但只是一瞬间,在我看清之前她又闭上了,并且把木制压舌板紧紧咬在臼齿之间。在我抽 出它之前，压舌板已被她咬成碎片。8. 在这种情况下,一个人会对自己说,一定要保护这可恶的小鬼,使她免受自己愚蠢行为的伤害。C1. apprehension 2. terrifying 3. overpowering 4. contemptible
28、5. motioned 6. profusion 7. ensuing 8. coaxD1. terrified 2. coaxed 3. contemptible 4. apprehension5. apology 6. terrifying 7. desist 8. admonishedE1. making an apology，expressing regret2. .it was my duty3. lots of people here have been ill4. My best smile and my words were of no help. The girl was s
29、till.5. in the view of the possibility6. We re going to complete the examination.7. I too had lost my sense. (I became unreasonable.)8. the violent and unreasoning feelingFMathilda had been ill for three days. Mother had given her some medicine; but it didnt do any good. So she had to ask the doctor
30、 to come, Since some students had got diphtheria in the school to which Mathilda went and two of them had already died. The doctor, arriving at Olsons, would first examine Mathildas throat. No matter how coaxed, she didnt open her mouth. So the doctor had to get the wooden tongue depressor between h
31、er teeth. Mathilda, however, reduced it to splinters. In order to protect Mathilda herself and other children, the doctor had to make clear whether she had diphtheria or not, so that he could cure it in time. Therefore, he asked Mathildas father to hold both her wrists, and he himself forced the chi
32、ld to open her mouth. And there it was 5she really had diphtheria. The story sets us thinking of this question that not everything can depend on willingness in in life and it is necessary to use some force under certain circumstances.Lesson Four Die as You ChooseA 1. Yes. In Holland, mercy-killing i
33、s accepted by medical establishment and openly practiced a few thousand times each year.2. Because they keep euthanasia secret. In America, they can rarely discuss euthanasia openly with patientseven when those patients beg them for itdoctors tend to kill only when the dying are too far gone to cons
34、ent. Thus, because voluntary euthanasia is taboo, a doctor makes the decision himself and the patient is killed involuntarily.3. Passive euthanasia is letting patients die without using all the might of medical technology to prolong the lives of patients. Active euthanasia is killing the patients. N
35、o.4. A “living-will” is a document written by a person sound in mind and body stating whether he/she should receive any medical treatment or what kind of medical treatment he/ she should receive if he/she should contract some incurable disease.5. Yes. His oath explicitly ruled out active killing. No
36、. Most other Greek doctors and thinkers disagreed with his ban. The author wanted to tell the readers that even in ancient Greek doctors and thinkers had the courage to disagree with the Hippocratic ban. Today we should have the courage to support euthanasia.6. It might pose dangers for society by s
37、etting a precedent for killing.7. The opposition is too fierce because of the shadow of the past, which refers to the atrocities committed by the German fascists during the Second World War.8. The author is in favor of euthanasia.B1. 需要制定有关安乐死的法律，这一问题是不能再回避了。2. 在荷兰,安乐死已被医疗机构接受并且每年公开实施几千次。3. 有关安乐死的辩论
38、将争执不休地持续到秋季，到那时加利福尼亚人会对安乐死合法化的议案进行投票。4. 许多人认同这样的观点：运用一切医疗技术力量去延长临终的痛苦是可悲的、有损尊严的和令人毛骨悚然的。5. 对主动安乐死和被动安乐死的区分还会持续多久?6. 那么，他使用足够多的止痛药去杀人就一定错了吗？医生釆取了行动而不是疏忽职守，就应谴责他吗？7. 最英勇地顶住压力,拒绝参与纳粹分子医疗暴行的是荷兰医生，这也许绝非巧合。8. 那些近代自由主义传统未被打断过的国家，对为自愿安乐死设立一些有限规则并没太多要担心的。C1. dodged 2. intrude 3. withhold 4. ushered5. legaliz
39、e 6. precedent 7. credible 8. arguableD1. dodge 2. drowned out 3. intruding 4. omission5. oath 6. withholding 7. arguable 8. credibleE1. the painless, gentle and easy death in case of incurable and painful disease.2. a strong controversial influence .63. (among some people) something which religion
40、or custom regards as forbidden, something not to be touched upon or spoken of4. great power, strength5. furnishing an example that may serve to justify killing6. a person who is excessively/too scrupulous (careful to do nothing morally wrong, paying great attention to small points, esp. of conscienc
41、e)7. likely to cause prolonged argument8. to include, incorporate or acceptFIts now very urgent to make laws on euthanasia. Most countries prohibit euthanasia. In these countries, euthanasia is secretly practiced by doctors. But some countries, Holland, for example, openly practice euthanasia. More
42、and more countries are debating on legalizing euthanasia.When a patient has long been suffering from a disease and has no hope of recovery, why should we let him go on suffering? Why not use euthanasia to end his throes?If euthanasia is legalized, however, it may pose a dangersomeone may use euthana
43、sia to murder. In a word, euthanasia is a question that can t be dodged.Lesson Five Id Rather Be Black than FemaleA 1. She is the first black woman ever elected to Congress.2. Because men do not support the struggle and women in America are much more brainwashed and content with their roles as secon
44、d class citizens than blacks ever were.3. Women do tedious details that make the difference between victory and defeat on election day and the best position while men reaped the rewards. That the best any of those women can hope for is the honor of being a district or country vice-chairman while her
45、 role is supposed to vote the way her male chairman votes.4. In her district there are 2.5 women for every man registered to vote. And those women are organizedin PTAs, church societies, card clubs, and other social and service groups. She went to them and asked their help.5. They are invariably pai
46、d less than a man for the same job.6. The America women usually talk the occupations of secretaries, librarians and teachers.7. There are still some children going to bed hungry. There isnt a good school for every child. Money is still spent on weapons to murder people. The laws against unfair housi
47、ng and unfair employment practices are not enforced effectively.8. According to the author, women have the qualities of empathy, tolerance, insight, patience and persistence. I agree with the author because they are womens naturally-born qualities.B1. 我是第一个同时清除了这两个障碍的人。2. 那些白人包括那些自以为是开朗人士的人们需要多年的时间才
48、能发现并摒弃他们事实上都持有的种族歧视态度。3. 从事这份工作，她可以享受公费出差，去参加几次州会议，有时去参加全国性会议及党政召开的全国代表大会，而在这些会议上，她的任务是投和男主席一样的票。4. 当一位聪慧的年轻女大学生开始找工作的时候，为什么第一个问题总是：“你会打字吗？”5. 每次当我试图向高处再走一步的时候，许多人就建议我回去教书，说那才是女人的职业，而要把政治7留给男士们。6. 但是知道这种情况发生我们都知道这不会是今年也不会是明年我们所需要的是更多的妇女从政，因为我们妇女要做出特殊的贡献。7. 只有妇女才能给政府带来移情能力、容忍、远见、耐心和持之以恒这些品质是我们妇女天生的或者说由于受到男性压迫而不得不发展的。8. 现在，我们的国家需要妇女的理想主义和决心，也许在政治上要比在其他任何领域都更需要。C1. makes the differences 2. phenomena 3. menial 4. prejudice5. separate 6. predominate 7. rather than 8. thought of
