1、外 文 翻 译毕业设计题目： 超声波倒车雷达预警 原文1：DISTANCE MEASURING AND MONITORING DEVICE EQUIPPED AUTOMOBILE REVERSE RADAR译文1：距离测量和监控设备装备汽车反向雷达原文2：ULTRASONIC SENSOR ASSEMBLY FOR A VEHICLE REVERSING RADAR译文2：用超声波传感器组装成车辆换向雷达DISTANCE MEASURING AND MONITORING DEVICE EQUIPPED AUTOMOBILE REVERSE RADAR(原文1)This design relat
2、es to an automobile commutating radar, an ultrasonic sensor comprising the radar. The ordinary car commutation radar is usually installed in the rear bumper of a car. The vehicle has a commutation radar sensor, a ceramic chip in the polarization electric field, due to the reverse piezoelectric vibra
3、tion of the aluminum housing and transmitting an ultrasonic signal, and receiving the reflected ultrasonic signal into an effective distance. Therefore, a driver will know that this situation is reversed in the rear of the vehicle do not have to stop looking for the front of the vehicle.A good ultra
4、sonic sensor ultrasonic signal should be sent to a central area, produced a strong reaction in order to achieve a sensitive detection. The distance along the line of its axis with reference to Figure 5, a conventional ultrasonic sensor sensitive areas, the reception sensitivity in a test has 250 cm,
5、 and a sensitive, including 60 degree angle in the above 2 (X) cm. Thus, the conventional sensor performance has a low accuracyIn some vehicles, the most traditional ultrasonic sensor mounted in the front and rear bumpers. Vehicles of a monitor in a dashboard display, ultrasonic sensor detects an ob
6、stacle. However, with the conventional ultrasonic sensor has a sensitive wide angle, they must be installed in the end of the bumper to prevent the ultrasonic signals interfere with each other. However, the distance in each ultrasonic sensor is so large is still very low detection accuracy.In additi
7、on, when parking the vehicle, ultrasonic sensors often detect other vehicles parked next to the vehicle as an obstacle, so the driver may be a false alarm.Accordingly, the present design provides an improved ultrasonic sensors to reduce or eliminate the above problems.Summary of the designThe main p
8、urpose is to provide the design of an ultrasonic sensor sensitive to the radar has high precision long distance and a little sensitive to the angle of the car for. Other objectives, advantages and novel features of the design will become more apparent from the following detailed description together
9、 when an ultrasonic transducer assembly of the vehicle the commutation radar has an ultrasonic sensor and the two wires. A sleeve is received by the rubber material and has a chamber sensor. A tapered opening that is defined in a front chamber. A wave guide cone is provided to open and close to the
10、sensor in the center of the tapered. By using the sensor assembly, automotive radar there is a reversal of precision long detection distance in a concentrated area.The reference to the diagram, an ultrasonic sensor assembly for a car reversing radar, in accordance with the design consists of a senso
11、r, a set, a guided wave cone, and a housing (ultrasonic sensor has a structure like traditional sensors, and two wires extending from sensors.Sleeve, usually made of rubber, there is one which is defined as the receiving sensor. A tapered shape of the opening is defined at the front and an opening f
12、ormed on the lower side to prevent the ultrasonic signal reflected from the ground to cause false alarms. A flange formed on the rear of the sleeve.The definition channel for receiving signals. A rear cover is provided on the rear side of the space to encapsulate the sensor and the sleeve inside.In
13、the assembled state shown in Figure 2, the guide wave cone installed you like bracket combination conical opening of the center of the casing and highlights. The heating wire extends the bracket backward and exit back cover. The sleeve is placed in the housing flange butt shoulder wires and heating
14、wire extends from the back cover of the diaphragm. A pad, made of a resin or other soft material, is provided between the sleeve is An ci back cover, so the sleeve and the sensor housing can be stably received.Figure 4 illustrates a detector effect Contrast sensor and unguided wave cone, wherein the
15、 solid line illustrates the sensor wave guide cone, and the conflict lines described sensor without the guided wave taper. As shown in Figure 4, at a test frequency of about 40 kHz (35 kHz), gift of design of the sensor can be provided to an ultrasonic signal with a Federation higher than traditiona
16、l sensors. Therefore, the design of detection better than traditional sensors作者：Joan Smith；Mike Howard ；国籍：USA出处：United States Patent距离测量和监控设备装备汽车反向雷达(译文1)本设计涉及一种汽车换向雷达,用一个超声波传感器组成该雷达。一辆普通汽车换向雷达一般安装在一个汽车的后保险杠。车辆有一个换向雷达传感器,一个陶瓷芯片在极化电场,由于反压电,将铝住房振动和发送超声波信号,并将接收反射的超声波信号，转换成有效的距离。因此,一个司机将知道这个情况在车辆后面逆转不必
17、停止寻找前面的车辆。一个好的超声波传感器应该发送超声波信号一个集中区域,产生强烈的反应从而实现一个敏感的检测效果。与参考图5,一种传统的超声波传感器抯敏感区域,在一个测试接收灵敏度,已经沿着它的轴线一直线距离为250厘米,和一个敏感包括角在2(X)厘米以上60度。因此,传统的传感器性能有一个低精度。在一些车辆,多数传统的超声波传感器安装在前后保险杠。一个监控在一个仪表板提供的车辆显示,超声传感器检测到障碍物。然而,随着传统的超声波传感器有一个宽敏感的夹角,他们必须分别安装在保险杠的末端为防止超声波信号互相干扰。然而,距离在各自的超声波传感器是这么大的检测精度仍然很低。此外,当停车车辆,超声波传
18、感器经常检测其他车辆停放的车辆旁边作为障碍,所以司机可能被这些虚假的警报。因此,本设计提供了一种改进的超声波传感器来减轻或消除上述问题。总的设计主要目的是提供本设计一个超声波传感器对汽车换向雷达已高精密长敏感距离和一个小的敏感的夹角。其他目标、优势和新颖的特点设计将变得更加明显的从以下详细描述了在一起时一个超声波传感器组件的车辆换向雷达有一个超声波传感器和两个电线。一个套筒是由橡胶材料和有一个室接收传感器。一个锥形开口被定义在一个前端的室。一个导装置被提供在该中心的锥形打开和紧靠传感器。通过使用传感器总成,汽车雷达可以有一个高的逆转精密长检测距离在一个集中的区域。参照图,一个超声波传感器总成对
19、于一个汽车换向雷达依照本设计是由一个传感器,一套,一个向导装置,和一个住房(超声波传感器具有结构一样的传感器,和两个电线延伸从传感器。有一个通道定义的通过用于接收信号。一个后盖被提供在后侧的装置来封装传感器和套筒里面。在装配状态见图2,该装置安装在你托架结合套管和凸现的中心圆锥形的开口。加热丝延伸在托架向后的后盖。套筒被放置在里面的电线和加热电线延伸从光阑的后盖。一个垫,由树脂或其他软材料,是之间提供套筒是安次封底,所以套筒和传感器可以稳定地接收到信号。图4说明了一个检测效果对比传感器和无向导装置,其中固体线说明了传感器有向导装置,波浪线说明了传感器没有向导装置。图4所示,在一个测试的频率大约
20、40千赫(35千赫)中,传感器的设计可以提供一种超声波信号高于传统的传感器的信号。因此本设计具有检测效果优于传统传感器的效果。作者：Joan Smith；Mike Howard ；国籍：USA出处：United States Patent ULTRASONIC SENSOR ASSEMBLY FOR A VEHICLE REVERSING RADAR(原文2)A distance measurement and monitoring equipment, equipment automotive mobile anti-radar consists of: a camera is a wide
21、-angle lens installed in the rear of the car the pictures possible obstacles behind the car body; calculate the horizontal distance of the distance measuring inductance two lateral corner of the body an obstacle; and a power supply power photoelectric coupler camera distance measuring inductance, an
22、d display. The obstacle is a mirror image processing, and then forwarded to the image of an image synthesizer, transferred to a video processor and a display as shown. A reverse gear signal is a valid signal to trigger the power.The design usually involves car reverse radar, especially II distance m
23、easurement and monitoring device equipped car anti-radar, which is available to ultrasonic measurement method for measuring the distance between the car body and an obstacle and show that they have displayed, convenient security commutation.The internal structure of the ultrasonic generator the two
24、piezoelectric chip and a resonance board. When its poles plus pulse signal, whose frequency is equal to the natural oscillation frequency of the piezoelectric wafer and the piezoelectric wafer will occur resonance, and driven by the vibration of the resonance plate, they generate ultrasound. Convers
25、ely, if no voltage is applied between the two electrodes, when the resonant plate receives the ultrasonic, will stress the piezoelectric wafer as a vibration of the mechanical energy is converted to an electric signal, it becomes an ultrasonic receiver.Ultrasonic detecting circuit, the transmission
26、side to obtain the output pulse as a series of square-wave, its width for transmitting ultrasound and receiving ultrasonic time interval, the greater the distance of the measured object, the larger the pulse width, the output pulse number of the measured distance into proportional.Relatively driving
27、 through the back of the mirror, the driver is still inevitable at certain angles to deceive death may occasion ally incurred pimple or abrasions. Therefore, the car in reverse for on-street parking is considered to be neither too big nor less - a veteran of the small challenges at peak times, and i
28、t is especially a big trouble to improvements, revealed three monitors mounted on the side of the car and the rear side, respectively, in order to eliminate any possible dead when the monitor by selecting a different picture reversed. However, the reference to distract drivers busy monitoring before
29、 and after the switch, and to help the deterioration of the situation in the real world, but under the general views.The main object of the design is to provide a distance measuring and monitoring device equipped automobile mobile joint anti-radar video synthesis technology awareness and distance me
30、asuring inductance, eliminating any dead ends when browsing through the mirror behind the car body behind a driver to see clearly, and the other see digitized distance display on the one hand to ensure a safe commutation.Another object of the design is to provide a distance measurement and monitorin
31、g equipment, equipment automotive mobile anti-radar, you can display the temperature and no driver through the barrier. In order to achieve the control object, from the design of the monitoring device equipped automobile reverse radar contains: optocoupler camera with a wide-angle lens camera can be
32、 installed in the rear of the car to see the obstacles behind the car body.The human ear can hear sound frequencies of 20Hz 20kHz, audible sound waves in this frequency range, beyond the frequency range of sound, called the low-frequency sound called ultrasonic sound above 20kHz frequency usually sp
33、eak range 100Hz 8kHz.Ultrasonic mode of transmission is the straight line, the higher the frequency, the diffraction capability weaker, but more reflective ability, ultrasonic sensors made of this nature is the use of ultrasonic waves. In addition, the speed of propagation of ultrasound in the air i
34、s relatively slow, is about the 1107-ft (332-m) / s, this ultrasound characteristics, we can easily produce an ultrasonic reversing radar.Ultrasonic sensors have a transmitting probe and the receiving probe, but an ultrasonic sensor may have the dual role of the transmitting and receiving acoustic w
35、ave element is reversible. Ultrasonic sensors sold on the general market dedicated and dual-purpose, dedicated is the transmitter used to send ultrasonic receiver for receiving ultrasonic; dual-purpose transmitter and receiver as one of the sensors can send ultrasonic, but also receives ultrasonic.
36、The resonance frequency (center frequency) of the ultrasonic sensor, 23kHz, 40kHz, 75kHz, 200kHz, 400kHz. Resonant frequency becomes high, the detection distance becomes short, decomposition of force also becomes high, and this design, we use a frequency of 40 kHz.With the rapid development of scien
37、ce and technology, ultrasonic in reverse radar field application is more and more widely. But due to the limitation of technology and cost, the application of ultrasonic measuring distance is still very limited, therefore, in the ultrasonic distance measurement field is full of business opportunitie
38、s and vitality, the future in the reverse radar application will be more and more widely. In the car of the future design, ultrasonic distance measurement instrument as a new technology in various aspects will have the very big development space, the future it will be towards high positioning, high
39、precision, low power consumption, high stability of the development direction, in order to meet the growing demand of the society. Ultrasonic development trend for basic:作者：Shili-Hsiung Li ；Hangchow ；国籍：USA出处：United States Patent 用超声波传感器组装成车辆换向雷达(译文2)一个距离测量和监控设备装备汽车移动反雷达的组成包括:一个照相机一个广角镜头安装在一辆汽车的后部拍照
40、可能的障碍背后的汽车体;距离测量电感的计算横向距离两个横向角落的车身和一个障碍;和一个电源电源光电耦合器的摄像机、距离测量电感、和显示。图像的障碍是镜像加工,然后转发到一个图像合成器的图像,转移到一个视频处理器和一个显示所示。一个反向齿轮信号是有效的信号触发电源。本设计通常涉及到一个汽车逆向雷达,特别是二世与距离测量和监控设备装备汽车反雷达,这是提供给测量之间的距离汽车车身和一个障碍的超声波测量方法和显示他们已显示,方便安全换向。超声波发生器内部结构有两个压电晶片和一个共振板。当它的两极外加脉冲信号，其频率等于压电晶片的固有振荡频率时，压电晶片将会发生共振，并带动共振板振动，便产生超声波。反之
41、，如果两电极间未外加电压，当共振板接收到超声波时，将压迫压电晶片作振动，将机械能转换为电信号，就成为超声波接收器。在超声探测电路中，发射端得到输出脉冲为一系列方波，其宽度为发射超声与接收超声的时间间隔，被测物距离越大，脉冲宽度越大，输出脉冲个数与被测距离成正比。本设计的主要对象是提供一个距离测量和监控设备装备汽车移动反雷达联合视频合成技术的认识和距离测量电感,使一个司机看清楚情况汽车车身后面从而消除任何死角当浏览通过后面的镜子,另一方面看到数字化距离显示器,以确保一个安全的换向。另一个对象的设计是提供一个距离测量和监控设备装备汽车移动反雷达,可以显示温度并通过障碍显示有没有司机。为了实现监控对
42、象,距离监控装置装备汽车逆向雷达的设计包含:一个光电耦合器相机用广角镜头安装在一辆汽车的后部拍照可以看清障碍背后的汽车体; 人耳能听到的声音频率为20Hz20kHz，在此频率范围内的声波可听，如果超出此频率范围的声音，称为低频声波，20kHz以上的声音称为超声波，通常人说话的的频率范围为100Hz8kHz。超声波为直线传播方式，频率越高，绕射能力越弱，但反射能力越强，因此超声波传感器就是利用超声波的这种性质制成的。此外，超声波在空气中传播的速度相对较慢，约为332m/s，利用超声波的这种特性，我们可以很容易的制作一个超声波倒车雷达。超声波传感器有发送探头和接收探头，但一个超声波传感器也可以具有
43、发送和接收声波的双重作用，即为可逆元件。一般市场上出售的超声波传感器有专用型和兼用型，专用型就是发送器用作发送超声波，接收器用作接收超声波；兼用型就是发送器和接收器为一体传感器，即可发送超声波，又可接收超声波。超声波传感器的谐振频率(中心频率)有23kHz、40kHz、75kHz、200kHz、400kHz等。谐振频率变高，则检测距离变短，分解力也变高，此次设计中，我们选用的是40KHz的频率，汽车倒车雷达上的应用将会越来越广泛。在未来的汽车设计中，超声波测量距离仪作为一种新型的技术在各方面都将有很大的发展空间，未来它将会向着高定位、高精度、低功耗、高稳定性的方向发展，以满足日益发展的社会需求。超声波发展趋势基本为：研制具有更高定位精度的被动测量距离系统，以满足汽车安全性的需要。无庸置疑，未来的超声波测量距离仪将与自动化智能化接轨，与其他的测量距离仪集成和融合，形成多测量距离仪。随着测量距离仪的技术进步，测量距离仪将从具有单纯判断功能发展到具有学习功能，最终发展到具有创造力。在新的世纪里，面貌一新的测量距离仪将发挥更大的作用。作者：Shili-Hsiung Li ；Hangchow ；国籍：USA出处：United States Patent
