1、Book10_U3_资源库_词汇第 1 页 共 8 页 2019-5-16U3 重点词汇讲解1. weep (wept, wept)1) vi 胀破; 爆破: If you blow that balloon up any more it will burst. 那气球再吹就要破了。 Water-pipes often burst in cold weather. 水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。 (fig 比喻) Ive eaten so much I feel ready to burst! 我吃得太多，肚子都要撑破了！词组be bursting to do sth 极欲干某事: She wa
2、s bursting to tell him the good news. 她迫不及待地要把这个好消息告诉他。burst (sth) open （使某物）突然或猛然打开The police burst the door open. 警察把门撞开了。 burst in enter (a room, etc) 突然进入（房间等） The police burst in (through the door) and arrested the gang. Book10_U3_资源库_词汇第 2 页 共 8 页 2019-5-16警察突然闯进（房门）逮捕了那帮人。burst in on sb/sth （
3、因突然来到）阻碍某人 某事物burst in on a meeting 打断会议 How dare you burst in on us without knocking! 你怎么胆敢不敲门就闯进来 ! burst into sth 突然而猛烈地发出或产生出某事物：The aircraft crashed and burst into flames 飞机坠毁起火。burst into tears, song, angry speech 突然哭、唱、吵起来 trees bursting into leaf/bloom/blossom/flower 长出新叶 开花的树木burst into, ou
4、t of, through, etc. sth 突然而猛力地向某一方向移动；从某处突然出现： The oil burst out of the ground. 石油从地下喷发出来。The sun burst through the clouds. 太阳突然从云端里露出来。 burst on/upon sb/sth 突然而意外地出现在某人 某物面前： The truth burst upon him. 他突然了解了真相。A major new talent has burst on the literary scene. 有个惹人瞩目的新秀突然出现于文坛。 burst out (a) 突然激动地
5、说；叫嚷： “I hate you!” she burst out. “我讨厌你！” 她叫嚷道。 (b) 突然开始（做某事）： burst out crying/laughing/singing 突然哭起来（笑起来/唱起来）3. bid (bid, bid)1) vi (sth) (on sth)（购物时）出价; （尤指拍卖时）喊价 : She bid 500 (for the painting). 她喊价 500 英镑（买这幅画） 。We had hoped to get the house but another couple was bidding against us 我们原希望买下这
6、所房子, 但另一对夫妇不断抬价与我们竞买。投标: Several firms have bid for the contract to build the new concert hall. 有几家公司投标, 争取建造新音乐厅的合同。词型变化bidder n （拍卖时的）喊价者: The house went to the highest bidder. 房子卖给了出价最高的人。4. discriminateVi discriminate A from B 分别, 辨别, 区分（两事物）: discriminate between two cases/one case from another
7、 区分两件事将一件事与另一件事区分开discriminate against sb/in favour of sb 歧视 偏袒（某人或某些人）: Society still discriminates against women/in favour of men. 社会上仍然歧视女性厚待男性 。词型变化 discriminating adj. Book10_U3_资源库_词汇第 3 页 共 8 页 2019-5-16判断力强的; 鉴别力强的; 知觉敏锐的: discriminating taste, judgement, etc. 敏锐的鉴赏力 判断力等 She has an artists
8、discriminating eye. 她具有艺术家特有的敏锐眼光。5. additional adj. 另外的, 附加的, 额外的We needed additional money for our trip. 我们出去旅行需要更多的钱。词型变化additionin addition (to sb/sth) 加之; 除之外: In addition (to the names on the list) there are six other applicants.除此（名单上的名字）之外, 还有六个申请人。6. unconsciousadj.失去知觉的: knock sb. unconsci
9、ous 把某人打得不省人事Be unconscious of sb/sth 不知道的; 未察觉的: be unconscious of any change 未察觉出任何变化无意地做出或说出的: an unconscious slight 无意的冒犯词型变化unconsciously adv:He unconsciously imitated his father. 他在不知不觉中仿效他的父亲。unconsciousness n U 无知觉; 无意识；神志不清；不知不觉 : lapse, fall, etc into unconsciousness 昏了过去7. rebel (rebelled
10、, rebelled)1) n. c 反叛者a rebel in the home 家庭的叛逆者the rebel forces 叛军2) vi 武装反抗，选择，抵抗，强烈抗议The peasants rebelled against being exploited too much. 农民们起义反抗受太多剥削。Such treatment would make anyone rebel. 这样的对待会使任何人起而反抗。8. appetiten. C慾望（尤指对食物或享乐） ；食慾；胃口：When I was ill I completely lost my appetite. 我生病时完全没
11、有食慾。(fig 比喻) He had no appetite for the fight. 他毫无斗志。（对某事物的）自然的慾望：The long walk has given me a good appetite. 走了长路使我食慾大振。Book10_U3_资源库_词汇第 4 页 共 8 页 2019-5-16He has an amazing appetite for hard work. 他出奇地喜爱艰巨的工作。 9. slide slid, slid1) n. 滑动，打滑The car went into a slide on the surface. 汽车在地面上打滑。幻灯片Don
12、t you want to see my slides of Korea? 你不想看看我在朝鲜拍的幻灯片吗？滑落，跌落，下降There appears a slide in living standards now. 现在出现了生活水平下降的情况。2) vt. suck sb/sth down, in, etc.（以水或气体的巨大吸力）把某人某物吞没：The canoe was sucked (down) into the whirlpool. 那独木舟卷进漩涡里了。suck up (to sb) 奉承或巴结某人；拍某人马屁：She sucks up to him by agreeing wi
13、th everything he says. 她巴结他，他说什么话她都同意。12. Wipe vt.Wipe sth. (on sth.); wipe sth. (down/over) wipe the dishes 把碟子擦干 wipe ones eye 擦干眼泪 wipe ones hands on a towel 用毛巾擦手wipe sth. clean/dry 把某物擦干净干用（布等）擦：wipe a damp sponge across ones face 用湿海绵擦脸搽（某物质）： Wipe the lotion onto your face. 你在脸上搽些护肤液。词组 擦净或擦掉
14、某物： wipe (away) the tears from ones eyes 擦（掉）眼泪wipe the writing from the blackboard 把黑板上的字擦掉wipe (up) the spilt milk off the floor 把洒在地板上的牛奶擦乾净wipe a recording off (a tape) 抹掉磁带上录制的内容Wipe that smile/grin/expression off your face! 别笑 咧着嘴笑 /做出那种表情 ！ wipe sth. out 擦拭（盆碗等）的内部： This vase wasnt wiped out
15、properly before it was put away. 这个花瓶没擦乾净就收起来了。 除去或取消某事物：wipe out ones debt 还清债务This years losses have wiped out last years profits. 今年亏损把去年的赢利都赔光了。 彻底消灭或摧毁某事物：Book10_U3_资源库_词汇第 6 页 共 8 页 2019-5-16Whole villages were wiped out in the bombing raids. 整座整座的村庄都在轰炸中摧毁了。The government is trying to wipe ou
16、t drug trafficking. 政府竭力清除毒品买卖活动。13. stainVi. 染污, 沾污（某物） （尤指难以清除）: fingers stained with nicotine 被尼古丁染黄的手指blood-stained hands 沾着血污的手 The blackberry juice stained their fingers (red). 黑莓汁把他们的手指给染（红）了。被染污; 被沾污: Our white carpet stains easily. 我们的白地毯不耐脏。 给（木材布等）染色或着色： He stained the wood dark brown. 他把
17、木头染成深褐色了。玷污，败坏（某人的名声等）：The incident stained his career. 那件小事给他的事业抹上了污斑。n 染色剂；着色剂；染料；颜料：How much stain should I buy for the table? 给这张桌子上色, 我得买多少颜料? 污点；污斑；污迹：Theres an ink stain on your shirt. 你的衬衫上有一个墨水斑。玷污（某人名声等的）事物；品德上的污点：He left the court without a stain on his character. 他经法庭一役, 人格丝毫无损。词型变化stain
18、less adj 无污点的；无瑕疵的： a stainless reputation 清白的名声stainless steel 不锈钢 练习：一、根据首字母填空。1. The mother w_ over the death of her child. 2. The river b_ its banks and flooded the town. 3. The policeman was u_ of being followed by a man in dark. 4. Dont spoil your a_ by eating sweets before meals. 5. I was s_
19、about helplessly on the ice. 6. Firemen had to break the door down to reach the people t_ inside. 7. Some foods can s_ the teeth, as of course can smoking. 8. This is the total price of your vacation! With no a_ charges. 9. He pulled a handkerchief from his pocket and w_ his nose. 10. The people r_
20、against the tyrant. 二、根据中文填空完成句子。1. 然而，自 20 世纪 80 年代这种疾病突然出现之后，它就变成全球范围内的一个严重问题。Book10_U3_资源库_词汇第 7 页 共 8 页 2019-5-16However, since the disease _ _ the _ in the 1980s, it has become a serious problem round the world. 2. 为了控制这一问题，政府已经开放了实验室来监控这种疾病。2003 年，它同时开始为艾滋病人提供免费的药物。_ _ _ to control the problem
21、, the government has opened labs to monitor the disease, and in 2003 it also started providing free drugs for Aids patients. 3. 国际帮助在中国的抵御艾滋病斗争中也非常重要。何大维博士投身于将先进的技术和国际注意专注中国的艾滋问题。International help has also been very important in fighting Aids in China. Dr David Ho has _ himself _ _ up-to-date techn
22、ology and international _ to Chinas Aids problem. 4. 他们的祖父现在照顾他们，因为他们的母亲在怀孕的时候拿到了治疗艾滋的药品，所以他们没有从她身上染到艾滋病。Their grandfather is now _ _ them, and because their mother _ _ _ prescription Aids medicines when she was pregnant, they did not get HIV from her. 5. 服毒经常以试验开始的，但经常以混乱告终。Taking drugs often begin
23、s as just an experiment, but it often _ _ a _ situation. 6. 正如吸烟者可能会告诉你的那样，人们很容易对尼古丁上瘾，所以他们很难戒烟。As smokers may tell you, people can become easily _ _ nicotine, which is why they have trouble quitting smoking. 7. 另外一种毒品被称为镇定剂。这种毒品会降低心率，令服毒者发困，使他们一种假的快感尽管这种效应一段时间后会逐渐消退。Another class of drugs is often
24、_ _ _ downers. Drugs in this class can decrease the heart rate, make users sleepy and may give users an artificial sense of pleasurethough this effect fades after a time. 8. 酒精也被归类为是一种镇定剂。尽管它是合法的，但是如果大量服用，它会损伤肝脏，带来极大的坏处。Alcohol is also _ _ a downer, and although it is legal, it can damage the liver
25、and do great harm if _ in large _. 三、选词语填空完成句子。1. She says thousands of people in Germany _ now _ Laughter Yoga. 2. _ help its pupils write their experiences, the school invited all the parents to work together. contrary to the key to rebel against be addicted to wipe away burst on the scene be trap
26、ped in seek help from in a bid to be unconscious ofBook10_U3_资源库_词汇第 8 页 共 8 页 2019-5-163. _ common belief social media websites such as Facebook do not weaken personal ties, and they strengthen them in unique ways form different age groups, according to a new study. 4. The novel tells the story of
27、a teenager who his father.5. One patient requiring a heart transplant could _ any savings overnight. 6. Many women are _ loveless marriages. 7. She managed to calm him down and _ a neighbor. 8. They were so quiet that he _ completely _ their presence. 9. _ solving the problem is to meet the demand m
28、ade by the customs. 10. The police suddenly _ and took control. 四、用所给词语编写短文。 （至少六个）weep, burst, discriminate, additional, rebel, appetite, slide, trap, suck, wipe, stain参考答案1. wept burst unconscious appetite slidingtrapped stain additional wipedrebelled2. burst on scene In a biddevoted to; bringing
29、attention caring of; had access toends in messy addicted toreferred to as classified as; consumed; quantities3. are addicted to In a bid toContrary to rebels againstwipe away trapped inseek help from was unconscious ofThe key to burst on the scene4. Selena sucked the straw, wiped the stain off her hand and continued her story. “When I was trapped in the lift, a man beside me burst out crying and held my arm tight. I felt greatly shocked. Do you know why? He is my boss who often discriminates against women.”
