1、 1 纵览新版教材和考试的新题型 从 2013 年 10 月起，自考公共课的英语（二）就要使用 2013 年版新教材了！本教材是高等教育自学考试各专业（除英语专业外）的本科阶段公共基础课。共 14 学分。 本次出版的新版教材的最大特点就是：通过短文的学习了解世界文化，拓宽知识。 英语（二）是水平考试，主要按照设定的标准考查学生的语言能力，会有部分命题来自于教材，所以在学习过程中，要对重点词汇的各种形式变化和含义加以熟记，文章重点句子要理解透彻，课后练习是紧扣考卷上的各个题型加以设置的，所以要认真完成练习，达到：有的放矢！ 题型 数量 分值 考查重点 是否从教材中出题 难度 系数 出题方式 阅读
2、判断 10 10 判断所给信息正误以及是否在文中提及 否 * 选择 阅读选择 5 10 大家经常见的阅读理解 否 * 选择 概括大意和补全句子 10 10 宏观把握段落信息和定位查找关键信息 否 * 选择 填句补文 5 10 对文章连贯性、一致性的辨识能力以及把握文章结构 有可能 * 选择 填词补文 10 15 对文章及语篇中词汇的理解能力 有可能 * 选择 完型补文 10 15 综合 理解和运用语言的能力 否 * 填空 短文写作 1 30 书面表达能力 否 * 写作 Unit 1 The Power of Language 学习方法指南 五个方面把握文章 1）词 2）句 3）篇 4）义 5）
3、背诵或复述重点段落 课后习题 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 1）结合课文里出现的点，完成题目 2）标记不熟练的题目，当天重复一遍，第二天再重复一遍，考前再重复一遍 2 Unit 1 The Power of Language A FAMOUS QUOTE Language is the dress of thought. -Samuel Johnson 语言是思维的外衣。 -塞缪尔 约翰逊 Text A Critical Reading Pre-reading questions 1.Do you usually challenge the idea a
4、n author represents? What do you think is active reading? 2.What suggestions do you expect the author will give on reading critically? Vocabulary 词汇 四点要求 1.音 2.义 3.衍生变化 4.用法 /搭配 New Words critical adj.involving making fair, careful judgments about the good and bad qualities of somebody/something 有判断
5、力的；判断公正（或审慎的） non-fiction n.books, articles or texts about real facts, people and events 纪实文学 position n.an opinion on or an attitude towards a particular subject 观点；态度；立场 statement n.something that you say or write that gives information or an opinion 说明；说法；表态 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 que
6、stion v.to have or express doubts or suspicions about something 表示疑问；怀疑 evaluate vt.to form an opinion of the amount, value or quality of something after thinking about it carefully 估计；评价，评估 3 context n.the situation in which something happens and that helps you to understand it （事情发生的）背景，环境，来龙去脉 va
7、lue n.values pl. beliefs about what is right and wrong and what is important in life 是非标准；价值观 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 represent v.to present or describe somebody/something in a particular way 描述；表现 assertion n.a statement saying that you strongly believe something to be true 明确肯定；断言 suffi
8、cient adj.enough for a particular purpose 足够的；充足的 statistic n.statistics pl. a collection of information shown in numbers 统计数字；统计资料 integrate v.to combine two or more things so that they work together （使）合并，成为一体 authority n.a person with special knowledge 专家；学术权威；泰斗 compare v.to examine people or th
9、ings to see how they are similar and how they are different 比较；对比 subject n.a thing or person that is being discussed, described or dealt with 主题；题目；题材 consistent adj.in agreement with something 相符的；符合的 inconsistency n.a situation in which two statements are different and cannot both be true 不一致 更多内
10、容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 assumption n.a belief or feeling that something is true or that something will happen, although there is no proof 假定；假设 case n.a particular situation or a situation of a particular type 具体情况；事例 directly adv.in a direct line or manner 直接地；径直地 identify v.to find or disc
11、over somebody/something 找到；发现 valid adj.based on what is logical or true 符合逻辑的；合理的；确凿的 credible adj.that can be believed or trusted 可信的；可靠的 4 landmark n.an event, a discovery, an invention, ect.that marks an important stage in something （标志重要阶段的）里程碑 relevant adj.closely connected with the subject yo
12、u are discussing or the situation you are thinking about 紧密相关的；切题的 current adj.happening now 现时发生的；当前的 appropriate adj.suitable, acceptable or correct for the particular circumstances 合适的；恰当的 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 bias n.a strong feeling in favour of or against one group of people, or o
13、ne side in an argument, often.not based on fair judgement 偏见；偏心；偏向 considerably adv.much; a lot 非常；很；相当多地 Democrat n.a member or supporter of the Democratic Party of the US （美国）民主党党员，民主党支持者 Republican n.a member or supporter of the Republican Party of the US （美国）共和党党员，共和党支持者 reflect v.to show or be
14、a sign of the nature of something or of somebodys attitude or feeling 显示；表明；表达 informed adj.having or showing a lot of knowledge about a particular subject or situation 有学问的；有见识的 重点词汇 critical adj.involving making fair, careful judgments about the good and bad qualities of somebody/something 有判断力的；判
15、断公正（或审慎的） eg: Try to develop a more critical attitude, instead of accepting everything at face value.要学会对一切事物一丝不苟 , 而不要注重表面现象 . 其他用法： of or at a crisis; decisive; crucial 危机中的；危急时刻的；决定性的；关键的 eg: We are at a critical time in our history.我们正处于历史的紧要关头。 衍生： criticize, criticise vt. 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微
16、信： kaopass 索取 sb/sth （ for sth） point out the faults of sb/sth 批评某人 某事物 ；挑剔；非难 eg: Stop criticizing （ my work） ! 别再挑剔（我那作品）了 ! 5 form and express a judgment on （ a work of art, literature, etc） 评论（艺术文学等作品） 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 eg: teaching students how to criticize poetry 向学生讲授评论诗歌的方法
17、criticism n.looking for faults; pointing out faults 批评 evaluate vt.to form an opinion of the amount, value or quality of something after thinking about it carefully 估计 ; 评价，评估 eg: I cant evaluate his ability without seeing his work.我没有看到他的工作情况 , 无法评论他的能力。 衍生 : Val=value, worth 价值 valuable（有价值的） , in
18、valuable（无法估价的） , devaluate（贬值） , evaluate（估价） , undervalue（低估） consistent adj.in agreement with something 相符的；符合的 用法 : be with sth eg： What you say now is not consistent with what you said last week.你现在说的话与你上星期说过的话不相符。 衍生： consistency 一致 inconsistency 不一致 identify vt.to find or discover somebody/ s
19、omething 找到；发现 eg： She identified the man as her attacker.她认出那个男人就是袭击过她的人。 衍生： identification n.means of proving who one is; official papers that do this 身份证明 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 eg： Can I see your identification, please? 请给我看看你的身分证件行吗 ? identity n who or what sb/sth is 身份 eg： There i
20、s no clue to the identity of the thief.没有确定窃贼身份的线索。 identity card （ also ID card） 身份证（通常有相片，供本人携带或佩带） credible adj.that can be believed or trusted 可信的；可靠的 eg: a credible witness/statement/report 可信的证人 /陈词 /报道 衍生： -able/ible “ 可 的，能 的 ” believable 可信的， acceptable 可接受的， desirable 值得要的， accessible 可接近，
21、flexible 灵活的 6 credibility n.quality of being believable 可信性；可靠性 -ability/ibility “ 可 性 ”: eg: adaptability 适应能力 , dependability 可靠性 apply vi. （ to sb/sth） be relevant （ to sb/sth） ; have an effect （与某人 /某物）有关；有效；适用 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 eg: These rules dont always apply.这些规则并非总能行得通。 ma
22、ke a formal request 申请；请求 apply for sth eg: apply for a post/passport/visa 申请职位 /护照 /签证 apply to sb eg: I applied to four universities and was accepted by all of them.我申请了四所大学，并都被他们录取了。 课文学习 议论文 把握观点：中心观点、段落观点 把握结构：文章结构、段落结构、衔接手段 topic sentence （主题句） topic （主题） controlling idea（观点） 篇章核心，段落灵魂 Beijing
23、 is a modern city. Beijing is an ancient city. 结构 总 分 总 总 分 段落构成 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 1.主题句（ Topic Sentence）：点出段落的主题（谈论什么）。 2.扩展句（ Developing Sentence）：说明和支持主题。 3.结尾句（ Concluding Sentence）：得出结论。 文章 观点 论证 结论 7 Text A Critical Reading Critical reading applies to non-fiction writing in wh
24、ich the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement.Critical reading is active reading.It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying.Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author i
25、s saying.Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader. 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 Consider the context of what is written.You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than yours.Or, you may be reading something written some time ag
26、o in a different time context than yours.In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author. Question assertions made by the author.Dont accept what is written at face value.Before accepting what is written,
27、be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made.Look for facts, examples, and statistics that provide support.Also, look to see if the author has integrated the work of authorities. Compare what is written with other written work on the subject.Look to see that what is
28、 written is consistent with what others have written about the subject.If there are inconsistencies, carefully evaluate the support the author provides for the inconsistencies. 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 Analyze assumptions made by the author.Assumptions are whatever the author must believe
29、is true in order to make assertions.In many cases, the authors assumptions are not directly stated.This means you must read carefully in order to identify any assumptions.Once you identify an assumption, you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid. Evaluate the sources the author uses.In
30、doing this, be certain that the sources are credible.For example, Einstein is a credible source if the author is writing about landmark achievements in physics.Also be certain that the sources are relevant.Einstein is not a relevant source when the subject is poetry.Finally, 8 if the author is writi
31、ng about a subject in its current state, be sure that the sources are current.For example, studies done by Einstein in the early 20th century may not be appropriate if the writer is discussing the current state of knowledge in physics. 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 Identify any possible author
32、bias.A written discussion of American politics will likely look considerably different depending on whether the writer is a Democrat or a Republican.What is written may very well reflect a biased position.You need to take this possible bias into account when reading what the author has written.That
33、is, take what is written with “a grain of salt.“ By being a critical reader, you will become better informed and may change your views as appropriate. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying.Here ar
34、e the things you should do to be a critical reader. 1） Consider the context of what is written. 2） Question assertions made by the author. 3） Compare what is written with other written book on the subject. 4） Analyze assumptions made by the author. 5） Evaluate the sources the author uses. 6） Identif
35、y any possible author bias. 语法学习 1.把握结构，理解内涵 2.结合例句，结合文章 关系副词引导的定语从句 先行名词 +where/ in（ on/at） which eg: College is a place where/in which we learn how to learn.大学是学会如何学习的地方。 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 Forest is a place where people can get close to nature.森林是可以接近自然的地方。 先行名词 +when/in（ on/at） w
36、hich 9 eg: Ill never forget the day when we first met in the park.我将永远不会忘记我们在公园第一次相遇的那一天。 先行名词 +why/for which 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 eg: Do you know the reason why he didnt come to the meeting yesterday morning？你知道他为什么没有参加昨天早上会议的原因吗？ What is active reading? What is a critical reader? Exe
37、rcises I 1.Reading non-fiction writing critically involves _. A.supporting the authors opinion B.developing your own opinions C.understanding what is written D.reading without any imagination 【答】 B 【解】 此题为句意理解题。由文中第一段 Critical reading involves questioning and evalating what the author is saying,and
38、forming your own opinions about what the author is saying 可知，非文学类作品的批评性阅读是要提出自己的观点和摆明自己的态度，选项 B,即提出自己的观点，最为恰当。答案为 B。 2.Before accepting what is written in an article, you should be sure that_. A.enough support for the assertions has been given B.your values and attitudes have been, reflected in it C
39、.it has been checked from an authoritative source D.you have found the differences in the writing styles 【答】 A 【解】 此题为句意理解题。由文中第三段第三句， Before accepting what is written, be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made 可知，选项 A符合文中意思，即你在接受作者的观点之前，要确信有足够的论据支持作者的论点。答案为 A。 更
40、多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 3.If there are some inconsistent points in the article, you should_. A.insist on your own opinion and confirm it B.avoid mentioning the inconsistencies 10 C.emphasize the work of authorities D.examine the authors supportive statements 【答】 D更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： ka
41、opass 索取 【解】 此题为句意理解题。由文中第四段末句， If there are inconsistencies, carefully evaluate the support the author provides for the inconsistencies 可知，最符合原文，即如果文章中有不一致的观点时，你 要仔细阅读并检查作者所提出的支持其论点的论证。答案为 D。 4.Einstein is a relevant source when the article is about_ A.physical breakthroughs B.the subject of poetry
42、 C.studies in current physics D.credible writing Sources 【答】 A 【解】 此题为细节题。由文中第六段第三句 ,Einstein is a credible source if the author is writing about landmark achievements in physics 可知，如果文章讲的是关于物理学的突破时，爱因斯坦就是相关的例子。答案为 A。 5.The author believes that by being a critical reader you can_ . A.remember what i
43、s written clearly B.eliminate your own discrimination C.have much more knowledge D.spend more time in reading 【答】 C 【解】 此题为文章大意总结题。由课文最后一段结束句， By being a critical reader, you will become better informed and may change your views as appropriate 可知，课文结束说通过做一名有判断力的读者，你会变得见多识广，也能使你的观点更恰当，所以选项 C 最符合课文的意思。答案为 C。 Exercise II 更多内容请与 QQ： 67460666 微信： kaopass 索取 Section A 名词后缀 -ability, -ibility credible-credibility
