1、110 逻辑关系（Logical relations）(61) 原因和结果表原因的词：because, since, as, for, because of 表结果的词：so一、原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由 because, since, as, for 引导。(2)because 表示直接原因，语气最强。回答由 why 提出的问题，只能用 because。此外，because 和 so 不能同用在一个句子里。eg：-Why were you late for school?-Because I got up late.since 引导原因状语从句，相当于 now that，意思是 “
2、因为，既然， 鉴于”。eg：Since the rain has stopped，lets go for a walk. 既然雨停了，我们出去散散步吧。 as 和 since 语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由 as 和 since 引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如 ：As he has no car, he cant get there easily.Since we have no money, we cant buy it.(3)for 表示所说的理由是一种补充说明,for 引导的从句一般不放在句子的开头。如:I decided to stop and have lunch, for
3、 I was feeling quite hungry.练习： I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike.He took off his coat _ he felt hot.you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else._the bad weather, we missed the train.二、结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由 sothat, suchthat, so that 引导。(2)在由 so.that 引导的结果状语从句其
4、结构是: “.so + 形容词（副词） + that + 从句” 。Eg. He was so glad that he couldnt say a word.Liping runs so fast that we cant catch up with him.在由 suchthat 引导的结果状语从句其结构是: “.such +a / an + 形容词+名词+ that + 从句”。eg： It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost tou
5、ch the ceiling.（天花板） 有时 sothat 和 such.that 可以互换。Eg ： It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=It was so wonderful a film that all of us wanted to see it again.(3)如果名词前由 many, much, little, few 等词修饰时，只能用 so, 不用 such。eg：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the w
6、ild roses.He has so little time that he cant go to the cinema with you.(4)如果主从句的主语相同，并且从句是否定的形式，可以用 too.to.句型转化。eg：He was so excited that he couldnt go to sleep that night.= He was too excited to go to sleep.(5)如果主从句的主语相同，但从句是肯定的形式，可以用 adj.+ enough 替换。eg：He is so old that he could go to school. = He
7、 is old enough to go to school.2他够大了，可以去上学。练习： It is _ hot in the room _ we have to go out for a walk.It was a wonderful movie all of us wanted to see it again.There were little water in the bottle the bird couldnt reach it.三、目的状语从句表目的的词组：so that, in order that, in order to, to(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that,
8、in order that（为了，以便）引导。eg：We started early so that we could catch the first train.We used the computer in order that we might save time.(2)so that 可引导目的状语从句，此时可用 to 或 in order to 替换,将其改为简单句。eg：He got up early so that he could get to school on time. =He got up early（in order） to get to school on time
9、.练习： I hurried I wouldnt be late for class. We should go by bus _ we can get there earlier. May I sit nearer I can see more clearly?(4) 补充：so as to(肯定结构)eg. He got up early so as to catch the early train.so as not to(否定结构)eg. He got up early so as not to miss the early train.toeg. He got up early to
10、 catch the early train.in order that eg. He got up early in order that he could catch the early train.in order toeg. He got up early in order to catch the early train.强化练习一、单项选择。1. Mrs. Green is that she often gives candies to the children.A. so a nice lady B. such a nice lady C. a so nice lady D. t
11、oo nice a lady2She was _ tired _ she could not move an inch.Aso, that Bsuch, that Cvery, that Dso, as3Why is their classroom so clean and tidy？ _ it is cleaned every day.ASince B As CBecause DFor 4. Please answer the question in a loud enough voice _ all the class may hear.A. so B. or C. in order th
12、at D. and5. Lift it up_I may see it. A. though B. so that C. as D. than6. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A. so B. so that C. if D. unless7. We should go by bus _ we can get there earlier. A. as soon as B. where C. in order that D. as38. The dictionary is so expensive _ I cant buy it. A. be
13、cause B. when C. that D. if9. I got there _ late _ I didnt see him.A. too; to B. such; that C. so; that D. so; as10. It is _ hot in the room _ we have to go out for a walk.A. such; that B. so; that C. as; as D. such; as11. He has_ an interesting book that we want to read it. A. so B. such C. the sam
14、e D. as答案：1-5 BACCB 6-11 CCCBBB 二、句型转换1.He is always working hard so that he can get good grades.He is always working hard _ _ _get good grades.2.Its so interesting a book that we read it twice.Its _ an interesting book _ we read it twice.3.The little boy is so young that he cant go to school.The li
15、ttle boy is not_ _ to go to school.4.Why are you doing that?_ are you doing that_ ?三、书面表达。如今，乡村游变得非常流行。尤其是城里的人，在度假时，总选择去农村。为什么他们会做出这样的选择，请用上几个：表原因、目的的词写一段文章。( Because, so, in order to , so that.)Nowadays, more and more people choose the countryside for their holiday. Especially people living in the
16、city. Why do they do so? Because they are tired of the city lives. Busy work, crowded traffic, terrible pollution and so on. These have made them feel unhappy. In order to relax themselves, they really want some quiet places. So they come to the countryside. There they can breathe fresh air, enjoy farmhouse dish, have a look at green hill, clear river, white clouds and gold crops. It is such beautiful scenery that they will forget all the unhappiness.
