1、初中英语时态、语态总复习（怎样学好英语）想学好英语，首先要培养对英语的兴趣。“兴趣是最好的老师”,兴趣是学习英语的巨大动力，有了兴趣，学习就会事半功倍。我们都有这样的经验：喜欢的事，就容易坚持下去；不喜欢的事，是很难坚持下去的。而兴趣不是与生俱来的，需要培养。有的同学说：“我一看到英语就头疼，怎么能培养对英语的兴趣呢？”还有的同学说：“英语单词我今天记了明天忘，我太笨了，唉，我算没治了。”这都是缺乏信心的表现。初学英语时，没有掌握正确的学习方法，没有树立必胜的信心，缺乏了克服困难的勇气，丧失了上进的动力，稍遇失败，就会向挫折缴枪，向困难低头。你就会感到英语是一门枯燥无味的学科，学了一段时间之后
2、，学习积极性也逐渐降低，自然也就不会取得好成绩。但是，只要在老师的帮助下，认识到学英语的必要性，用正确的态度对待英语学习，用科学的方法指导学习。开始时多参加一些英语方面的活动，比如 ，唱英文歌、做英语游戏、读英语幽默短文、练习口头对话等。时间长了，懂得多了，就有了兴趣，当然，学习起来就有了动力和欲望。然后，就要像农民一样勤勤恳恳，不辞辛苦，付出辛勤的劳动和汗水，一定会取得成功，收获丰硕的成果。基础，就谈不上继续学习，更谈不上有所成就。要想基本功扎实，必须全神贯注地认真听讲,上好每一节课，提高课堂效率，脚踏实地、一步一个脚印地，做到以下“五到”： 一、“心到”。在课堂上应聚精会神，一刻也不能懈怠
3、，大脑要始终处于积极状态，思维要活跃、思路要开阔，心随老师走，听懂每一句话，抓住每一个环节，理解每一个知识点，多联想、多思考，做到心领神会。 二、“手到”。学英语，一定要做课堂笔记。因为人的记忆力是有限的，人不可能都过目不忘，记忆本身就是不断与遗忘作斗争的过程。常言说，“好脑筋不如烂笔头”。老师讲的知识可能在课堂上记住了，可是过了一段时间，就会忘记，所以，做好笔记很有必要。英语知识也是一点点积累起来的，学到的每一个单词、词组以及句型结构，都记在笔记本上，甚至是书的空白处或字里行间，这对以后的复习巩固都是非常方便的。 三、“耳到”。在课堂上，认真听讲是十分必要的. 初中英语八种时态归纳复习一、一
4、般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays(=every Sunday) , etc.基本结构：be 动词；行为动词否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加 dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用 doesnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首；用助动词 do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用 does，同时，还原行为动
5、词。二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time 基本结构：be 动词；行为动词否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加 didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：was 或 were 放于句首；用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问，同时
6、还原行为动词。三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首。四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were + not + doing.一般疑问
7、句：把 was 或 were 放于句首。五、现在完成时：概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语：recently, lately, sincefor,in the past few years, etc.基本结构：have/has + done否定形式：have/has + not +d one.一般疑问句：have 或 has。六、过去完成时：概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term,
8、 month),etc.基本结构：had + done.否定形式：had + not + done.一般疑问句：had 放于句首。七、一般将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc.基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.否定形式：was/were + not; 在行为动词前加 didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：be
9、放于句首；will/shall 提到句首。八、过去将来时：概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。时间状语：the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc.基本结构：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.一般疑问句：was 或 were 放于句首；would/should 提到句首。. 几种常见时态的相互转换英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换，以
10、下是几种常见的转换形式：一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用别的表达方式：瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中；瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从以来有时间”的意思，主句一般用 it is 来代替 It has been;瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看：A. He joined the League two year
11、s ago.B. He has been in the League for two years.C. It is two years since he joined the League.D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换在一般现在时中，at 加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如 at work（在工作）, at school（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看：Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.Peter is working, but Mik
12、e is playing.三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换在现在进行时态中 go, come, leave, start, arrive 等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如：I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来，妈妈！”请看：The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词
13、 shall。在口语中，所有人称都可以用 will。请看：We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday. 中考动词时态考点分析一、 根据时间状语确定时态的原则1. Hurry up! The play for ten minutes. (2002 辽宁)A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began析 1. C。since 后接时间的起点，for 后接时间段，主句动词用现在完成时，应注意瞬间动词与延续性动词的
14、使用。二、 在复合句根据时态呼应确定时态的原则2. Do you know if back next week? If he back, please let me know. (2002 黑龙江 )A. he comes; will come B. will he come; comesC. he will come; comes D. will he come; will come析 2. C。if 既可引导宾语从句，也可引导状语从句。充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于 whether，词义是“是否”。充当状语从句的连接词时，词义是“如果”。从时态看，if 引导宾语从句时谓语动词的时态应根据主
15、句的时态作相应的变化；引导表示将来动作或状态的条件句时，若主句用一般将来时，则从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。三、 根据上下文已有时态信息点确定时态的原则3. When this kind of computer ?-Last year. (2002 天津)A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used析 3. B。此例由下句的时间状语推断出一般过去时态，并且要考虑到被动语态。四、 利用上下文语意确定时态的原则4. Hi! Lin Tao. I didnt see you at the party.-Oh, I ready for the ma
16、ths exam. (2002 江西)A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got析 4. B。此例由 didnt, at the party 推断出应用过去进行时。五、 时态中的“特殊”对策的原则5. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day. (2002 辽宁)A. is B. was C. has been D. will be析 5. A。 有些动词其动词的时态是“违背常理”的。如宾语从句表示的是一个客观事实或客观真理时，其时态不受主句限制而用一般现在时表示
17、。. 中考实战题练兵A) Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the verb tense:1. Mr Brown will go fishing if it (not rain) tomorrow. (2002徐州市)2. I think he (be) back in a week. (2002 南京市)3. Who (knock) at the door?-I dont know. Let me go and see. (2002 连云港市)4. Bill is strict with himself. He never (leave)
18、todays work for tomorrow. (2002 连云港市)5. - your uncle (return) the video tapes to Mr Fox?-No. Theyre still in his bedroom. (2002 南通市)6. By the end of last term, they (work) there for ten years. (2002 辽宁)7. Mr. Wang (read) a newspaper in the office at this time yesterday. (2002 上海市)8. Mr. Green and hi
19、s wife (live) in London for a few years before they(come) to work in China in 2001. (2002 曲靖市)9. They never knew what (happen) to the world in a hundred years. (2002 南充)10. About 400 years ago, Galileo(伽利略) proved that the earth (go) around the sun. (2002 陕西)B) Complete the following sentences:1. Wh
20、en I got to the cinema, (电影已经开始了二十分钟了). (2001 黄岗)2. (有一场音乐会)a concert tomorrow afternoon. (2000 甘肃)3. Its three years since he (入团). (2001 宁夏)4. Please let me know (他一回来). (2000 陕西)5. I (正要入睡) when there was a loud knock at the door. (2000 新疆)Part B Voices.The Passive Voice一、Voices: The Active and P
21、assive VoicesActive Voice 主动语态 Passive VoiceMany people speak English. English is spoken by many people.They found the dinosaur eggs in Liaoning. The dinosaur eggs were found in Liaoning.We must do something to stop the pollution. Something must be done to stop the pollution.二、The formations of the
22、passive voices of different tenses(A):方 式时 间一 般 进 行 完 成现 在amis + pp.areamis being + pp.arehasbeen + pp.have 过 去 was+ pp. were wasbeing + pp.werehad been + pp.将 来 shallbe + pp.will过 去将 来shouldbe + pp. wouldThe formations of the passive voices of modal verbs(B):must/can/ may/should + be + pp.三、When to
23、 use the Passive Voice:1. 行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。Football is played all over the world.2. 不易找到或根本就找不到动作的执行者时。My bike was stolen.3. 汉语含有“据说”、“有人说”等时。It is said that another bridge has been built over the Changjiang River.4. 汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。Wei Hua is asked to come by Lin Tao.5. 汉语中没有“被”、“由”等词，而在原句
24、中试加这类词且句意通顺时。These songs are usually sung by boys.6. 某些句子习惯上用被动语态。He was born in October, 1988.7. 表示礼貌时。You are friendly invited to come to our English party at 8:00p.m. tomorrow.（Note: 用于被动语态中的动词是及物动词，不及物动词不能用被动语态。）. 中考实战题练兵A) Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the verbs given:1. Last month
25、, in the first match of the 17th World Cup, France (beat)0-1 by a new teamSenegal. (2002 南京市)2. How many fridges (produce) in China in the last two years? (2002 徐州市)3. No dictionary should (bring) to the English exam, boys and girls! (2002 连云港市)4. That day each of us (give) ten dollars after we fini
26、sh the work.(2002 连云港市)5. They (warn) not to touch the machine while they were visiting the workshop. (2001 吉林)B) Multiple Choice:( ) 1. I dont know the school, but its to be quite a good one. (2002 苏州市)A. told B. spoken C. talked D. said( ) 2. Please dont stand up in class until you . (2002 泰州市)A.
27、were told to B. are told to C. were told D. are told( )3. If Mg in O2, we MgO, and it combination reaction(化学变化). (2202 泰州市)A. will burn; get; calls B. burns; will get; calledC. will burn; can get; is calling D. burns; will get; is called( ) 4. Please tell me when on the wall. (2002 无锡市)A. has this
28、map hung B. was this map hungC. this map has hung D. this map was hung( ) 5. The doctor will operate on him at once as soon as he the hospital. (2002 常州市)A. is sent to B. will be taken to C. leaves D. doesnt return( ) 6. They wont be back until the work . (2002 南通市)A. do B. does C. is done D. will d
29、o( ) 7. The medicine cool, clean and dry. (2001 天津市)A. must keep B. must be kept C. must be carried D. must be in( ) 8. Wherere the old houses here?-Oh, they by the end of last century, and a new tall building here soon. (2002 深圳市)A. have been pulled down; is going to be builtB. were pulled down; wi
30、ll be builtC. had been pulled down; is going to be builtD. had been built; is going to be pulled down( ) 9. You cant leave now. There are still twenty more trees . (2002 河北)A. to plant B. being planted C. plant D. to be planted( )10. Wheres your car?-Theres something wrong with it and it in the gara
31、ge now. (2001 四川)A. is repaired B. is being repaired C. has been repaired D. will be repairedC) Put the following into English:1. 近五年来在西昌已发射了几颗人造卫星。(2002 南京市)Several man-made satellites in Xichang in the past five years.2. 请你告诉我这把锁是用什么制成的好吗？(2002 无锡市)Would you please tell me ?3. 那个博物馆是八年前建造的。(2002 苏
32、州市).4. 必须采取措施阻止人们砍伐树木。(2002 泰州市)to stop people from cutting trees down.5. When he got there, he found all the food (都吃光了). (2002 通化市)2009 年苏州市初中毕业暨升学考试试卷英 语注意事项：1本试卷有 5 大题，满分 100 分(不含听力口语 30 分)，考试用时 100 分钟；2答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用 05 毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡的相应位置上，并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人的相符合；3答选择题必须用 2B 铅
33、笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用 05 毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题；4考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在考试卷和草稿纸上无效。 一、选择填空(共 25 小题；每小题 1 分满分 25 分)A)单项填空 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1How about_charity show? I should say it was_successAthe；a Bthe； Ca；a Da；2Sorry，I made a mistak
34、e again _Practice more and you will succeed ANever mind BCertainly not CNot at all DDont mention it3Make sure youve got the tickets and guidebooks and_before you leaveAsomething Banything Ceverything Dnothing4The performance_nearly three hours，but few people left the theatre earlyAcovered Breached C
35、played Dlasted 5Have you read a book called Jane Eyre?Who_it?Awrites Bhas written Cwas writing Dwrote6Did you return Helens call?I didnt need to_Ill see her tomorrowAthough Bunless Cwhen Dbecause7It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it_be rather cold sometimesAmust Bcan Cshould Dwould8Mill
36、ie gave_a baby cat yesterday that hurt_when it fell from the treeAme；it Bmyself；itself Cme；itself Dmyself；it 9Did you watch the football match yesterday?Yes，I didYou know，my brother_in the matchAis playing Bwas playing Chas played Dwill play10Do you wont tea or coffee?_，I really dont mindANone BEith
37、er CNeither DAll11We arrived_late that there were seats leftAmuch Btoo Cso Dvery12Id like to know_At 630Awhen does your mother usually cook breakfastBhow your mother usually cooks breakfastCwhen your mother usually cooks breakfastDhow does your mother usually cook breakfast13It took the firemen two
38、hours to_the fireAput out Bput up Cput on Dput away14I_a lot but I dont play very often nowAuse to play tennis Bwas used to play tennisCam used to play tennis Dused to play tennis15Of the two T-shirts，Id choose the_one to save some money for a bookAcheapest Bcheaper Cmore expensive Dmost expensiveB)
39、完形填空 先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该顶涂黑。My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?”Through the years I would guess at 16 I thought was the correct answerWhen I was younger，I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said“My 17 ，Mommy”
