1、 名词性从句一英语的基本句型1. 主语+系动词 +表语2. 主语+不及物动词3. 主语+及物动词 +宾语4. 主语+及物动词 +人+物（双宾语）5. 主语+及物动词 +宾语+补语二名词性从句 主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句 （及物动词/ 介词/be sure 等句型） ，同位语从句1. that 引导的名词性从句，that 在从句中不充当任何句子成分，没有词义。that 引导宾语从句时常可省略，但如果引导两个以上宾语从句时，that 不省。引导主语从句时常可用 it 作形式主语That light travels in straight lines is known to all.众所周知光是以
2、直线运行的。 （主语从句）=It is known to all that light travels in straight linesThe reason for his absent was that he was ill.他缺席的原因是他病了。 （表语从句）I think( that) you are right.我认为你是对的。 （宾语从句）The news that our football team has won is true.我们足球队赢了的消息是真的。（同位语从句）注意区别：The news( that/which) he told me is true.他告诉我的消息是
3、真的。 （定语从句）2. what 引导的名词性从句，what 在从句中必须要作主语，宾语，表语,常译作“所-的”或“什么”,what 一般不引导同位语从句What we need is water.我们所需要的是水。 （主语从句）What we need are useful books.我们所需要的是有用的书。 （主语从句）This is what I want to say.这就是我想说的。 （表语从句）Please tell me what she is saying.请告诉我她在说什么。 （宾语从句）3. how,where,when,why,等引导的名词性从句，保留疑问词的原意，或
4、译为-“-的地方” “-的时候”Do you know how he came here?By bus.你知道他是怎么来的吗？乘公共汽车。（宾语从句）When he comes is a question.他什么时候来是个问题。 (主语从句)=It is a question when he comes。This is where he lives.这就是他住的地方。 （表语从句）4. whether,if 引导的名词性从句,vt.+whether/if, 其余情况用 whether 不用 if,注意：vt.+whether or notThey asked whether/if we nee
5、d any help.他们问我们是否需要帮助。 （宾语从句）I dont know whether I should take his advice or not.我不知道我是否要接受他的劝告。 （宾语从句）The question is whether we should accept their invitation.问题是我们是否接受他们的邀请。whether we should accept their invitation is a question. 我们是否接受他们的邀请还是个问题。 （主语从句）When we will start depands on whether we h
6、ave enough money.我们什么时候出发取决于我们是否有足够的钱。 （宾语从句）5. whoever 引导主，宾从句=anyone who-whatever 引导主，宾从句=anything that-Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, where it will keep for two or three weeks.(2011安徽卷28)=Anything that is left over may be put into the refrigerator, where it will keep for
7、two or three weeks.Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold.任何在这样的大雨中行走得人都会患感冒。=Anyone who walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold.（主语从句）I will give the ticket to whoever is interested in music.我将把票给对音乐感兴趣的人。= I will give the ticket to anyone who is interested in music
8、.(宾语从句)注意区别：Who will go makes no difference.（主语从句）I dont know who will do it.(宾语从句)以上两句中的 who 不能换成 anyone whowhoever 引导状语从句时等于 no matter whowhatever 引导状语从句时等于 no matter whatNo matter what you may say, he wont listen.=Whatever you say, he wont listen.无论你说什么他都不会听。He wont listen to whatever you say.= H
9、e wont listen to anything that you say.他不会听你说的任何话。特别注意：1.所有疑问词引导的名词性从句，从句中必须用陈述句语序。2.疑问词引导的名词性从句常可用疑问词+to do 来表示I dont know what I shall do.=I dont know what to do.When to hold the meeting is not known.=When well hold the meeting is not known.The question is how we should get there.= The question is
10、 how to get there.3.The reason is that-The reason why I cant come is that I have to work late.4.第五条基础差的学生不必出现名词性从句练习一基础题1. _ makes mistakes must correct them.A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever2. The reason why I didnt go to Shanghai was _ a new job.A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got
11、 D. that I got3. He asked me _ with me.A. what is the trouble B. what wrong wasC. what was the matter D. what trouble it is4. When and why he came here _ yet.A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee5. I dont doubt _ hell come.A. that B. if C. what D. whether6. _ surprised me
12、 most was _ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A. Thatwhat B. Whatthat C. Thatwhich D. Whatwhich7. The city is no longer _. A. what it is B. that it used to be C. which it was D. what it used to be8. He insisted that he _ in good health and _ to work there.A. was, be sent B. is
13、, is sent C. be, was sent D. be, send9. We thought _ strange that Tom did not come yesterday.A. that B. it C. this D. what10. Last Sunday he made a promise _ he was free he would take me to Qingdao.A. if B. that C. that if D. whether11.The question is _the film is worth seeing.A. if B. what C. wheth
14、er D. how 12.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed.A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because13. _ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind.A. What; why B. Which; how C. That; why D. What; because14. _ his dream of going to college will come true is uncert
15、ain.A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if15. It is known to us _ where there is pollution, there is harm.A. which B. where C. what D. that16. I have the information _.A. of what hell come soon B. that hell come soonC. of that hell come soon D. his coming soon17. - I saw your neighbor break your window
16、 with a basketball.- _ it made me nearly mad.A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break18.It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time.A.how B. that C. when D. what19. They lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night began to fall.A. wha
17、t; that B. it; that C. what; when D. which; what20. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself is.A. what B. that C. which D. why基础题：1-5CDCAA 6-10BDABC 11-15CCABD16-20BAAAA 二高考题1. _ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. （2011 北京卷 22. ）A. Which B. What
18、 C. That D. Whom2. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself is. (2011湖南卷 31. )A. what B. that C. which D. why 3. There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. (2011 上海卷 35. )A. what B. if C. how D. that4. The message you intend
19、 to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand. (2011 上海卷 38. )A. why B. that C. which D. what5. I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything. （2011 山东卷 26. ）A. that B. when C. where D. why6. Weve offered her the job, but I d
20、ont know_ shell accept it. （2011 山东卷33. ）A. where B. what C. whether D. which7. The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge. （2011江西卷 26. ）A. this B. that C. what D. which8. It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner. （2011江苏卷 26. ）A. that B. how C. when
21、D. why9. His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _it is he is trying to express. （2011 安徽卷 33. ）A. that B. how C. who D. what 10. Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. （2011 四川卷 10. ）A. why B. how C. what D. which11 （2011 北京卷） The
22、shocking news mad me realize _ terrible problems we would face.A. what B. how C. that D. why12（2011 辽宁卷 23）. Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read first.A. what B. who C. how D. why13.（2011 辽宁卷 32）. When the news came _ the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the a
23、rmy.A. since B. which C. that D. because14.（2011 天津卷 13）. Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases.A. what B. which C. that D. where15.（2011 陕西卷 15）.Id like to start my own businessthats _ Id do if I had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. what16.（2011 重庆卷 34）. I
24、t is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life.A. whose B. what C. which D. that17.When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know _ . (上海卷)A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. is he entering which
25、 lane D. which lane is he entering18.Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. (山东卷)A. why B. what C. how D. which19.She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life. (09 湖南 28)A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever20.We havent settled the question of _it is necessary for him to study abroad.(2006 江苏)A.whether B.where C.if D.that高考题：1-5BADDD6-10 CCDDC11-15ACCCD16-20BBBCA
