1、Unit 5 Ways to SuccessPassage A: My Advice to Students: Education Counts1. count: v. 数, 计算, 计算在内, 认为, 有价值 n. 计数, 计算Their opinions count for little. Each basket counts for two points. 他们的观点没什么价值。每投一球得两分 Your vote counts!count heads 或 count noses: 点名：通过记录出席情况来计算成员、与会者或参与者2. drop out: 退出参加：从比赛、俱乐部或学校退出
2、dropout: n. 退学学生 , 中途退学, 辍学学生3. heartfelt: adj. 衷心的, 真心真意的I extend my heartfelt thanks for your help. 我对你的帮助表示由衷的感谢。4. reconsider: v. 重新考虑, 重新审议I beg of you to kindly reconsider my request. 我恳求你费心重新考虑一下我的请求。The assembly voted to reconsider the Bill. 议会投票决定复议该案。5. claim: n. (根据权利提出) 要求, 要求权, 主张, 要求而得
3、到的东西 vt. (根据权利) 要求, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要claim a large amount against him 要求他赔偿大量金额Every citizen may claim the protection of the law. 每一公民均可要求法律的保护。Does anyone claim this umbrella? 有没有人认领这把伞？He claimed that he had done the work without help. 他声称没有得到帮助而完成了这项工作。There are several matters that claim my attenti
4、on. 有好几件事值得我注意。make a claim for damages 要求赔偿损害Investigation showed his claim to be false. 调查结果表明他所说的纯属虚构a hurricane that claimed two lives. 飓风夺走了两个生命6. perceive: v. 察觉, 感知, 感到, 认识到perceive by the nose 用鼻嗅出I perceived that I could not make her change her mind 我发觉我不能使她改变她的主意。She can not perceive the d
5、ifference between red and green 她辨不出红色和绿色的区别To perceive in terms of past experiences. 统觉理解凭借以往经验来察觉The ability to feel or perceive. 敏感性感觉或感知的能力At first I couldnt perceive what he meant. 起先我不理解他说的意思。7. actually: adv. 实际上, 事实上, 竟然, 居然That tree is actually a fir, not a pine. 那棵树实际上是冷杉，不是松树I actually wo
6、n the lottery! 我居然中奖了！adj. 现实的, 实际的; 目前的; 明确的, 有效的in actual life 在实际生活中 the actual state of affairs 目前的形势in actual existence 现存的8. programmer: n. 程序师, 程序规划员9. discourage: v. 使失去勇气, 使失去信心, 使沮丧, 劝阻 , 促使( 不做某事), 阻碍, 阻拦He is never discouraged by difficulties. 他从没因困难而泄气。He discouraged me from doing so. 他
7、劝阻我不要那样做。I dont discourage easily. 我不轻易灰心。10. automatically: adv. 自动地 , 机械地 automatic: adj. 自动的, 无意识的, 机械的an automatic washing machine. 自动洗衣机automatic shrinking of the pupils of the eyes in strong light 强光下瞳孔不由自主的缩小 an automatic reply to a familiar question. 对相似问题的机械性回答an automatic rifle. 一支自动式来福枪11
8、. try out: To test or use experimentally. 测试或试用# She is raring to try out her new skates. 她很想试试她那双新溜冰鞋.12. ability: n. 能力, 才干 able: adj.abstract ability 抽象能力 academic ability 学习能力, 研究能力 a man of ability 有本事的人 ability in music 音乐天才13. academic: adj. 学校的，学院的 , 学术的, 学究的; 理论的academic year 学年 academic ra
9、nk 学衔 academic research 学术研究14. sign up: To agree to be a participant or recipient by signing ones name; enlist: 经报名获得：通过签名同意成为的成员或接受者；应募：signed up for military service; signing up for a pottery course. 报名从军；报名参加陶器制作课程15. lose oneself in: 迷路于; 全神贯注于.之中; 消失于, 迷失于16. sink: v. 沉下 , (使)下沉 n. 水槽, 水池 sank
10、, sunk; sunk, sunkenWood does not sink in water. 木头不会沉入水中。The sun was sinking in the west. 太阳正在西下。His heart sank at the thought of war. 想到战争他的情绪显得十分低沉。sink into a deep sleep 沉沉入睡sink ones head upon ones chest 颓丧地垂下头来 sink a well 挖井sink a post one foot deep in the ground 将一根柱子埋入地里 1 英尺深sink a lot of
11、money in house-building 以大量金钱投资建房He sink his voice to a whisper. 他把声音降低为耳语。Let us sink our difference. 让我们排除分歧。He was sunk in deep thought. 他陷入沉思。17. first-hand: adj. 第一手的, 直接的 adv. 直接地He was able to witness the accident first hand. 他直接目睹意外事件的发生。I learnt it at first hand from my neighbor. 我是从邻居那儿直接得
12、知的。first-hand information18. dynamic: adj. 动力的, 动力学的, 动态的, 有生气的 ; 精力充沛的, 精悍的; (工作) 效率高的 n. 动力; 原动力; 动态a man of dynamic personalities 性格活跃的人 a dynamic market. 有活力的市场the main dynamic behind the revolution. 革命背后的主要力量19. discipline: n. 纪律, 学科 v. 训练 n. A branch of knowledge or teaching. 学科；科目：知识或教学的分支20.
13、 jeopardize: vt. To expose to loss or injury; imperil. Synonym: endanger 使遇险：使陷入险境或受伤；危及The soldier jeopardized his life to save his comrade.这个士兵冒生命的危险救他的同志。I didnt want to jeopardize my relationship with my new friend.21. breadth: n. 宽度, 幅宽, 广度或范围breadth of knowledge. 渊博的知识 breadth of view 眼光宽广brea
14、dth of mind 胸襟远大, 气量宽宏 develop in breadth and depth 向深度和广度发展a breadth of cloth 一幅布料 a man of intellectual breadth 知识渊博的人There is too much breadth in his jokes behaviour. 他的笑话举止太过分了。22. fall into: 落入, 陷于(混乱,错误等), 注入, 开始, 分成, 属于You have fallen into a bad habit of repeating yourself.23. obsessive: adj.
15、 着迷的，沉迷的，急迫的，强迫的obsessive gambling. 着迷于赌博 an obsessive need to win. 急迫的想赢的欲望# Shes obsessive about punctuality. 她对守时十分固执# An obsessive and compulsive person. 一个强迫性神经症患者24. unlikely: adj. 未必的, 不太可能的 , 靠不住的The weather is unlikely to improve over the next few days. Victory is unlikely, but not impossib
16、le.It was very unlikely that he would do that. 他不见得会做那种事。He is unlikely to win the race. 他似乎不会在赛跑中得胜。25. reasonably: adv. 适度地, 相当地I think Im reasonably cheerful by nature. 我想我生性相当开朗。26. capable: adj. 有能力的, 能干的, 有可能的, 可以.的a capable administrator. 一位精干的行政主管 capable of winning. 有能力取胜a room capable of 2
17、0 people 可容纳 20 人的房间He is capable of judging art. 他具有鉴赏艺术的能力。27. specialization: n. 特殊化, 专门化, 特化作用specialty: n. 专门研究; 专业; 专长specialize: v. 专攻, 专门研究, 使适应特殊目的specialized: adj. 专门的, 专科的, 专业的management specialization 管理专门化 productive specialization 生产专业化region specialization 地区专业化regional specialization
18、 of production 地区生产专业化retail specialization 零售商店专业化French pastry is the chefs specialty. 这个厨师的特色菜是法式面点a local specialty 土特产The shop specializes in mountain-climbing gear. 专门销售登山用具的商店specialize in agriculture 专攻农业28. extended: adj. 伸出的, 延长的, 广大的, 扩大范围的, 长期的an extended telescope. 拉长了的望远镜had an extende
19、d vacation in the Alps. 拖长了在阿尔卑斯山的渡假时间an extended battle line 拉长了的战线extended experience 丰富的经验29. purely: adv. 纯粹地, 完全地pure: adj. 纯粹的 , 不搀杂的, 清一色的; 单一的, 纯洁的, 无垢的, 纯净的, 无瑕的, 无错的, 完美的, (品德) 清廉的, 贞洁的, 纯理论的, 抽象的, 十足的, 完全的 , 血统纯正的pure gold 纯金 pure white 纯白 pure and original text (未经窜改的) 真本pure as a lily 纯
20、洁无瑕By pure chance he found the rare book he needed in a little shop. 纯粹是偶然机会, 他在一家小书店看到这本他所需要的稀有的书。She speaks pure French. 她讲一口纯正的法语。30. standpoint: n. A position from which things are considered or judged; a point of view. 观点，立场：考虑或评介事物的立场；观点we should consider this problem from the standpoint of th
21、e Russiansteaching history gave him a special point of view toward current eventsPassage B: Christopher Reeve A Real Superman1. bullet: n. 子弹sugar-coated bullets 糖衣炮弹 rubber bullet2. locomotive: n. 机车, 火车头 adj. 运动的A locomotive pounded along the railway track. 一辆机车沿铁道隆隆地前行。The latest locomotives embo
22、dy many new features. 这些最新的机车具有许多新的特色.The locomotive pulled a long line of freight cars. 那台机车拖了一长列货车。3. bound: n. 跃进, 跳, 范围, 限度 adj. 正要启程的, 开往.去的, 被束缚的, 装订的 v. 跳跃, 限制4. approval: n. 赞成, 承认 , 正式批准 approve: v.Oliver looked at Simon with approval. We all like others to show approval of what we do.5. da
23、shing: adj. 闯劲足的, 勇敢的, 时髦的; 浮华的a dashing attack on the enemy 向敌人勇敢的袭击a dashing coat 时髦的上衣6. invincible: adj. 不能征服的, 无敌的an invincible army 常胜军 invincible opposition 顽强的抵抗invincible difficulties 不可克服的困难Young athletes think of themselves to be invincible. That football team was once reputed to be invin
24、cible.7. scuba: n. 水中呼吸器8. in fine shape: in good shape 完整无损, 处于良好状态, 健康情况良好9. fit: adj. Physically sound; healthy: 身体健康的；健康的：keeps fit with diet and exercise. 通过节食和运动来保持健康10. obstacle: n. 障碍(物); 妨碍, 阻碍, 干扰an obstacle to (progress) (进步)的障碍 obstacle course 障碍赛跑训练场obstacle race 障碍赛11. communication: n
25、. 传达, 信息, 交通, 通讯 communicate: munication systems; communication technology; communications equipment; communications interface. 通信系统；通信技术；通信设备；通信接口communication facilities 交通工具 the Ministry of Communications 交通部All communication with the east has been stopped by the earthquake. 与东部的一切交通均因地震而断绝。Spitt
26、ing in the street leads to the communication of disease. 随地吐痰招致疾病的传播。12. break down: v. 毁掉, 制服, 压倒, 停顿, 倒塌, 中止, 垮掉, 分解broke down our resolve. 丧失了我们的决心broke down and bought a new car; prejudices that break down slowly. 不再坚持，买了一辆新的小轿车；慢慢放弃了的偏见The elevator broke down. 电梯出毛病了13. somehow: adv. In a way n
27、ot specified, understood, or known. 以某种方式：以某种不特定、不理解或不知道的方式She somehow got lost. 她不知道怎么竟迷了路。14. short: adv. Abruptly; quickly: 突然地；迅速地stop short. 突然地停住 talk short 简短地交谈stop short of actual crime 悬崖勒马 be caught short 被当场抓住15. pitch: vi. To plunge headlong: 向前跌或冲：头向前摔出 n. 沥青He pitched over the railing
28、. 他摔出栏杆外 as dark as pitch 漆黑The man lost his balance and pitched down the cliff. His foot caught in a rock and he pitched forward.16. spinal: adj. 脊骨的, 脊髓的 spine: n. 脊骨, 书脊, 地面隆起地带spinal injury. 脊柱损伤 spinal canal 脊管, 椎管 spinal cord marrow 脊髓17. cord: n. 绳索, 束缚【解剖学 】 索：长的，类似绳子的解剖结构，如神经或腱：18. skull: n
29、. 头脑, 头骨Use your skull and solve the problem. 运用你的头脑然后解决这个问题a bald skull 秃顶 an empty skull 头脑空空19. paralysis: n. 瘫痪, 麻痹a paralysis of trade 贸易停顿 paralysis of communication20. undergo: vt. 经历, 遭受, 忍受a house that is undergoing renovations. 经过翻修的房子undergo great hardship. 遭巨大的苦难21. restore: vt. 恢复, 使回复,
30、 归还, 交还, 修复, 重建restore law and order. 恢复法律和秩序 restore a building 修复一座建筑物He feels completely restored to health after a period of intensive care.The doctor restored her power of speech.restore the emperor to the throne. 使皇帝重登王位restore the stolen funds. 偿还被偷的现款 restore sb. to life 使某人苏醒过来restore sb. t
31、o his old post 使某人复职 restore the book to the shelf 把书放回书架22. emphasize: v. 强调, 着重 emphasis: n. 强调，重点，重音emphasize the importance of being in the classroom in time23. limitation: n. 限制, 局限性He knows his limitations. 他自知他的缺陷。You can borrow 5 books at a time. The limitation is you have to return the book
32、s within 2 weeks.24. respirate: (Medicine undertake: 着手：开始一个热切的计划；着手：He set out to understand why the plan had failed. 他开始明白为什么计划失败了B. To lay out systematically and graphically: 生动形象地摆出：set out a terrace. 画出地形C. To display for exhibition or sale. 展览：为展览或出售而摆设D. To plant: 种： set out seedlings. 种小树E.
33、To start a journey: 开始旅程： She set out at dawn for town. 她日出时出发去镇上26. feeble: adj. 虚弱的, 衰弱的, 无力的, 微弱的, 薄弱的 weaka feeble attempt 无益的尝试 a feeble brain 低能 a feeble cry 微弱的喊声27. tube: n. 管, 管子, 英 地铁, 电子管, 显象管Whats on the tube? 电视上正演什么? a tube of toothpaste 一管牙膏28. sustain: vt. 支撑, 撑住, 维持, 持续food sufficie
34、nt to sustain life 足够维持生命的食物They had nothing to sustain them all day except two cups of coffee.The teacher tried hard to sustain the childrens interest in learning English.29. assistance: n. 协助, 援助, 补助financial assistance. 经济资助 give render assistance (to) 给以援助Can I be of any assistance to you? 我能帮你什
35、么忙吗?30. at a time: 一次; 同时; 一下子; 每次2 persons are allowed to see the doctor at a time.He took the stairs two at a time.31. appearance: n. 出现, 露面, 外貌, 外观The author made a rare personal appearance. 这位作者做了一次少有的个人公开露面 an untidy appearance. 外表不整洁We mustnt judge by appearances. 我们不可以貌取人。Did you notice the a
36、ppearance of a new journal in our college today? 你看到我们学院今天新出版的学报吗?32. motivational: adj. 动机的, 有关动机的motivate: v. motivation: n. 动机, 动机的形成; 促动因素 , 动力The stronger the motivation, the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language. 一个人学外语的内在要求越高, 那么他就学得越快。33. ovation: n. 热烈欢迎, 大喝采, 大受欢迎, 欢呼34. turn
37、 to: v. 转向, 变成, 求助于After he left the university, he became a teacher, but later he turned to journalism.In a time of grief, it often helps to turn to some new activity.35. gloam: n. 黄昏, 薄暮 gloaming: n. Twilight; dusk. 黄昏；日暮in the gloaming of ones life 在晚年36. clot: n. (血液等的)凝块 v. (使)凝结a blood clot 血块
38、 Milk clots when it turns sour. 奶变酸就凝块。Perspiration clotted his hair. 汗水使他的头发粘在一起。37. pneumonia: n. 医 肺炎38. physical: adj. 身体的, 物质的 , 自然的, 物理的our physical environment. 我们的物质环境 the physical world 物质世界physical laws 自然法则 physical education 体育 physical exercise training 体育锻炼 a physical change 物理变化39. th
39、erapy: n. Treatment of illness or disability. 治疗：对疾病或残疾的治疗，治疗力the therapy of fresh air and sun. 新鲜空气与阳光的治疗能力cocktail thrapy40. shift: n. v. 移动, 轮班, 移位, 变化worked the night shift. 值夜班 an eight-hour shift 八小时的工作班work in three shifts of eight hours 每班八小时的三班制 the day-shift 日班shift a burden from one shoul
40、der to the other 将重担从一肩移至另一肩上shift the blame on to someone else 把一切错误归于别人shift gears 变速 , 调档 The wind shifted to the south. 风转向南吹。41. inner: adj. 内部的, 里面的, 内心的 n. 内部an inner room; an inner layer of warm clothing.内室；保暖服装衬里the inner meaning of a poem. 一首诗的深层含义 the inner feelings 内心的感情the inner life 精神生活
