1、本资料来源：英文巴士 http:/ 中国最大的典籍英译网、翻译学习研究网、教研资讯网杨洁篪外长在慕尼黑安全政策会议上的精彩答问Question and Answer Session With Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi At Munich Security Conference2010 年 2 月 5 日，慕尼黑Munich, 5 February 2010 慕尼黑安全政策会议以全球安全领域的“达沃斯论坛”闻名于世。2 月 5 日，杨洁篪外长在慕尼黑安全政策会议上发表了变化中的中国与世界的演讲，并回答了提问。摘要如下： 主持人：外长先生同意回答几个问题。我们先请来
2、自巴黎的 Francois（音）先生提问。Moderator: The Foreign Minister has agreed to take a couple of questions. Maybe we can start with Francois ph. from Paris. 问题一：谢谢部长先生。您刚才的演讲内容丰富，极有见地。我的问题是关于美中关系中的台湾问题，这个问题您在演讲中几乎没有谈及。中国已就美宣布对台军售采取相应措施，这些措施比以往美国对台军售后中国所采取措施更加严厉。你们这样做是因为中国感到自身更加强大了，还是因为你们认为此次美国对台军售数额更大、影响更恶劣呢？ Qu
3、estion: Thank you, Minister, for a broad-ranging and extremely thoughtful speech. The question I would like to ask you is an issue you hardly touched upon. And that is American-Chinese relations relating to Taiwan. China has taken measures in response to the U.S. announcement of arms sales to Taiwan
4、, which go further than similar measures taken by Beijing when previous arms sales were made by the United States to Taiwan. The fact that you are going further than you did in the past, is it the consequence of China feeling stronger or is this the consequence of the recent arms sales to Taiwan bei
5、ng considered bigger and worse than previous U.S. arms sales to Taiwan? 杨外长：中国是不是感到自身更加强大了呢？是的，中国是越来越强大。同时，中国是不是感到自身在社会和经济发展方面还比较薄弱呢？我想答案同样是肯定的。 Yang: Is China feeling stronger? Yes, China is growing from strength to strength. Does China feel weak in terms of social and economic development in China
6、? Yes. 我有点出汗，不是因为紧张我回答类似问题已经不知道多少遍了而是因为这里的暖气实在太足了。在中国的长江以南地区，很多人冬天供暖还是个难题。而欧洲许多地区从地理上看，相当于中国的南方地区，所以如果你们想和我讨论气候变化问题，请先关掉暖气，这样我们大家才平等。我想这个要求不过分。看来，要讨论气候变化问题，我们之间要有更多的理解。 I perspire a little, not because I am nervous I have been through this thing God knows how many times but because the central heati
7、ng here is very good. In China, south of the Yangtze River, many of my countrymen still have no central heating. Just to give you an idea, many parts of Europe are at roughly the same latitude as southern China. So I would not be outrageous in saying that if you would like to talk about climate chan
8、ge with me, youd better shut off all your central heating so that we are on an equal footing. I hope there can be more mutual understanding when we talk about climate change. 关于美国对台军售问题，早在上世纪八十年代，美国就在中美“八一七”公报中承诺，美方向台湾出售的武器在性能和数量上将不超过中美建交后近几年供应的水平，美方准备逐步减少对台湾的武器出售，并经过一段时间导致最后的解决。再看看现在，美国一方面称中国为伙伴，另一
9、方面却宣布向中国的台湾地区出售价值 64 亿美元的先进武器。这显然违背了国与国关系准则，违反了中美三个联合公报。中国政府和人民完全有理由对此感到强烈愤慨。美方不顾中方多次严正交涉，执意进行对台军售。中国政府和人民当然要采取行动，这是中国主权范围内的事情。 About the U.S. arms sales to Taiwan, let me say that back in the early 1980s, China and the United States issued the August 17th Communiqu. In it, the United States made th
10、e commitment that its arms sales to Taiwan will not exceed, either in qualitative or in quantitative terms, the level of those supplied in recent years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between the United States and China, and that it intends to reduce gradually its sales of arms to Ta
11、iwan, leading, over a period of time, to a final resolution. Now look at what is happening: 6.4 billion dollar sales of sophisticated weaponry to a part of a country whom the U.S. side calls a partner! This is obviously a violation of the code of conduct of relations between countries and a violatio
12、n of the three joint communiqus issued between China and the United States. The Chinese people and government have every reason to feel indignant about this thing. We approached the US side, made representations very seriously on many occasions, yet the United States still went ahead with the sale.
13、Of course the Chinese government and people will have to react. It is within its sovereign right to do what is necessary. 我知道你实际想问的是一个国家是否感觉强大。中国认为，所有国家无论大小、强弱、贫富，都是平等的。不管是谁，在做决定前都应换位思考，“己所不欲，勿施于人”。I think the gist of your question is whether a country is feeling stronger or not. All countries, big
14、or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, should be equals. You have to put yourself in the shoes of other people and before you make any decision, consider whether you like this done to yourself. 我希望欧洲的朋友能够理解中方所采取的行动是完全合理的。任何有尊严的人都会做出同样的反应。中方强烈敦促美国恪守“八一七”公报的原则，停止对台军售。实际上，我们和台湾方面在推动两岸关系和平发展方面已取得很大进展，美
15、国也表示支持两岸关系和平发展。我们敦促美方多做有利于推动这一良好势头的事，而不是相反。 I hope our friends and people in Europe can understand that what China has done is very reasonable and what any dignified people would do. China strongly urges the United States to abide by the August 17th Communiqu and stop arms sales to Taiwan, which is
16、actually having more progress together with us in the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations and the United States said it supports the peaceful development of relations across the Straits. We urge the U.S. side to do things which will contribute to this good developmental trend, not the ot
17、her way around. 主持人：谢谢部长。我们只有时间再提一两个问题。下面请来自纽约东西方研究所的John Rose（音）先生提问。 Moderator: Thank you, Minister. I think we can only take one or two more questions. The next one on my list is John Rose ph. from the East-West Institute in New York. 问题二：部长先生，我能不能问一个关于网络的问题？我知道这个问题颇有争议，但网络犯罪的数量正在不断增加，影响数字经济的发展，是
18、我们共同面临的威胁。很多国家政府和企业都很关注这个问题。您能谈一谈对网络安全的看法吗？ Question: Minister, could we talk for a moment about cyber-space? I know it is seen as a confrontational issue, but an awful lot of governments and businesses are concerned about the common threats that we all face to the digital economy coming from increa
19、sed cyber-crime. Could you give us your perspectives on cyber-security? 杨外长：现在我收看中国的新闻节目比西方媒体上的新闻要多。作为中国外长，我每天早上上班前要对新近发生的事情有准确全面的了解，要精打细算地用好每一分钟。我发现中国的广播和电视新闻更加准确可靠，看过这些新闻，我就可以确信已经了解世界上绝大部分的新闻。这不是说我不看西方媒体上的新闻，我还会继续看。我想告诉大家的是，中国老百姓了解到的世界各地新闻恐怕比一些西方媒体还要全面，这是事实。他们可以像我这个外交部长一样轻而易举地获取各种信息。每年有几千万中国人出境经商、
20、旅游，同时有几千万人入境。实际上，在巴黎埃菲尔铁塔脚下你就能听到不少人说中文。所以说，中国人民享有充足的信息。他们能出国并比较在国内外的见闻。当然，我们仍要向其他国家包括发达国家学习。但中国人民为自己国家取得的成就感到自豪。中国 30 年来脱贫的人口几乎相当于美国全国的人口。中国还向其他国家提供了大量援助。我认为，对于发展中国家来说，最重要的事是建设基础设施。在这方面，中国将尽力提供帮助，我们希望发达国家也这么做。 Yang: These days I actually listen to or watch Chinese news programs far more than some We
21、stern media. As the Foreign Minister of China, every morning I have to have solid news before I go to my office. I have to use every minute very, very carefully and I found that I have more solid news from Chinas radio and TV programs. This way, when I go to office I feel quite confident that I have
22、 most of the news if not all in the world. This is not saying that I am not watching news on Western media. I do and I will continue to do that. What I want to tell you is that the average man and woman in China have access to extensive I would say more extensive coverage of news in every corner of
23、the world than I am afraid some Western media. This is a fact. They have all the major sources of information at their fingertips like me, the Foreign Minister. And every year, tens of millions of Chinese go abroad for business, for travel, for tourism and so on and so forth; every year tens of mill
24、ions of foreigners come to China. Actually at the bottom of the Eiffel Tower, you can hear lots of Chinese spoken there. So the Chinese people are well informed. They go abroad, they see the things around them and they compare what theyve seen abroad with things at home. Of course, we still have a l
25、ot to learn from other countries, including developed countries. On the other hand, they feel quite proud of what China has achieved. We have, in 30 years, lifted almost the total population of the United States out of poverty. That is what China has done, and we have given lots of aid to our friend
26、s abroad. I think for the developing countries, the most important thing is to build up the basic infrastructure. China will do its best to help. We hope the developed countries will do so as well. 我不明白谷歌的事情为什么会成为一个事件。我们支持信息的自由分享，也支持言论自由。另一方面，每一个到中国或其他国家发展的公司都应该知道，各国社会制度不同，要尊重所在国的历史背景和文化传统。和其他国家政府一样
27、，中国政府也对互联网依法实行管理，以维护国家利益。我希望，外国企业在中国拓展市场的过程中继续尊重中国的公众利益和文化传统。毫无疑问，中国坚决反对黑客行为。事实上，中国是受害者。我们将与国际社会合作应对这种攻击。这就是我对“谷歌事件”的看法。我还想说，我们欢迎跨国公司到中国来，这是改革开放 30 年来一贯的政策。已经在中国发展的外国公司基本都不后悔，行事明智的公司更不会后悔。 I dont know how come this Google thing has cropped up. Yes, we support free exchange of information. Yes, we su
28、pport freedom of speech. On the other hand, every company which comes to China or goes to another country has to recognize that there are different social systems in the world. People have to respect a countrys historical background and cultural traditions. And the Chinese government, as any other g
29、overnment, has to do regulatory work according to law and according to what is in the best interest of China. I hope that foreign companies, while they try to do business or expand their business in China, will continue to respect public interests in China and the cultural traditions of China. Yes,
30、we are totally against hacking attacks. China is a victim of this kind of attacks, and China will cooperate with the international community. Thats what I want to say on this Google thing. I would also say we welcome international companies coming into China. This has been our consistent policy for
31、the past 30 years or so. The people who come into China basically dont regret it and those companies who choose the wise path will never regret doing so. 主持人：非常感谢。下面请 Jim Holden（音）提最后一个问题。 Moderator: Thank you very much. We will take one more question. Jim Hodlen ph.问题三：部长先生,感谢您的讲话。您刚才部分回答了 Francois
32、 的问题，说中国是自觉更强大了。最近引发中国强烈反应的不仅仅是美国对台军售这一件事。有确切报道称，中国正在大力抵制对伊朗实施新的制裁。在哥本哈根大会上中国还组织了“基础四国”，奥巴马总统不得不与之打交道，这也被认为是中国越来越强势的表现。从与欧洲、美国和印度的外交官和政治家的交流中我发现，他们都注意到了一个全新的、更强大的中国。总之，您是否担心这种新的强势态度会造成冲突而不是和谐？ Question: Mr. Minister, thank you for your remarks. I did want to follow up a little bit on Francoiss quest
33、ion, which you partially answered by saying China is feeling stronger. It is not only arms sales to Taiwan that has recently elicited strong reactions from China. There are credible reports that China is also vigorously resisting new sanctions on Iran. As you well know, there is also the Copenhagen
34、summit where China put together a four-country bloc that President Obama had to engage with. This was also seen as assertive. As I talk to European, American and Indian diplomats and politicians, they do see a new, stronger China. Dont you fear that this new assertiveness is going to produce conflic
35、ts more than harmony? 杨外长：我想首先谈谈哥本哈根气候变化大会。在会前，中国就阐明了其立场，印度、巴西、南非也都明确提出了各自的立场。我们都强调将在可持续发展框架内为应对气候变化做出贡献。但我要强调指出，中国与许多发展中国家和发达国家交换了意见。此外，还和 77 国集团保持密切沟通。所以，不仅“基础四国”在应对气候变化问题上观点相似，许多其他国家也对中国的努力表示赞赏。当然，这次会议并不完全尽如人意。所以我们必须共同努力，使墨西哥会议取得更加积极的成果。但是，哥本哈根会议也取得了一些成果，会议重申了联合国气候变化框架公约和京都议定书的主渠道地位，确认要坚持“巴厘路线图”框
36、架下的双轨谈判。在长期目标、向发展中国家提供技术和资金支持、发展中国家自主控制温室气体排放行动等方面，会议也都取得了积极的成果。我们要继续沿着这条路走下去，确保墨西哥会议取得更大成果。中国愿意继续做出自己的贡献。 Yang: Let me first talk about the Copenhagen conference. China made its position very clear beforehand. And India, Brazil and South Africa all made their positions very clear beforehand. We all
37、 stressed that we would contribute to the efforts against climate change while maintaining sustainable development in our own countries. I would like to point out that China also exchanged views with many other countries, developing and developed ones alike. And there is also the G77 plus China mech
38、anism. So its not just the BASIC countries who see things more or less on the same wavelength, there are many other countries who have complimented Chinas efforts. Of course, this conference still leaves something to be desired. Thats why we need to make concerted efforts to make the next conference
39、 in Mexico a bigger success. On the other hand, the conference has achieved something, because it has reaffirmed the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol as the main framework for dealing with climate change, and it has recognized we have to continue to work in a two-track way according to the Bali Roadmap
40、. This is because, in terms of long-term goals, technical support and funding to the developing countries, voluntary actions of controlling greenhouse gas emissions from the developing countries, these are all achievements of the Copenhagen conference. I think we have to continue along this track to
41、 make sure that the Mexico conference will deliver even more. China is ready to continue to make its contribution. 关于与美国的关系，我们将继续与美方交换看法。我们认为，一个稳定、健康、发展的中美关系对两国、对世界都是最有利的。 Let me say that on the question of relations with the United States, we will continue to exchange views with the U.S. side, beca
42、use we do believe that a stable and healthy and developing relationship between China and the United States is in the best interest of our two countries and in the best interest of the world. 关于伊朗问题。10 天前我离开北京时，伊核问题并不是我此次出访的主要议题，但后来不少会见都涉及到了这个问题。我想重申，中国坚决支持维护国际核不扩散体系。同时我们认为，在遵守国际原子能机构有关规定的基础上，伊朗有和平利
43、用核能的权利。我们认为，外交途径是解决伊核问题的最好办法，最有利于维护海湾和中东地区的和平与稳定。我们认为，伊朗并未对国际原子能机构关于德黑兰研究反应堆核燃料供应问题上的提议完全关上大门，同时六国与伊朗举行新一轮对话很重要。我们希望，在六国提议和伊朗一揽子方案的基础上，能够找到一个各方都能接受的方案。中国的观点很明确。为防止局势进一步复杂化，现在应该集中精力在磋商与对话上，只有这样才能找到令人满意的解决问题的办法。 Now, Iran. Iran was actually not part of my agenda when I started this tour about 10 days
44、ago, but it has emerged in many of my discussions. Let me say again that China is fully supportive of maintaining the international nuclear nonproliferation regime. On the other hand, we believe that Iran, on the basis of the IAEA rules, has the right to the peaceful use of nuclear energy. And we be
45、lieve this issue should best be resolved through diplomatic means so as to maintain peace and stability in the Gulf region and in the Middle East. We believe that Iran has not totally shut the door on the IAEA proposal on nuclear fuel supply to the Tehran research reactor, and we believe that it is
46、very important to have another round of P5+1 dialogue with Iran. We hope that on the basis of the proposal put forward by the P5+1 and the package deal proposed by the Iranian side, somehow a mutually acceptable formula can emerge. Chinas view is very clear. That is, in order not to complicate the s
47、ituation, it is better for us now to concentrate on consultation and dialogue so as to achieve a satisfactory solution. 很多国家把中国看作推动和平、稳定、发展的力量。中国人口占世界人口的五分之一，我们并不要求由这五分之一的人口说了算，但至少我们应有机会就国际事务表达看法。我们同其他国家一样，也想改进国际机制，确保发展中国家和发达国家都能从合作中受益。我们既提出自己的观点，也虚心听取别人的意见，这是我们的传统。同时我们真心希望，世界其它国家也能倾听来自中国的声音。说到平等和言论
48、自由，这是理想社会的应有要求。不仅个人之间要平等，国家之间也要平等，国际关系要民主化。一个或少数几个国家绝不能主宰世界的未来。中国追求的不是集团政治，而是各国利益的共赢。这应成为我们共同的诉求。 Let me say that many, many countries see China as a force for peace and stability and development. We have one-fifth of mankind. We are not saying that because we are one-fifth of mankind, our views sho
49、uld be taken good care of, but at least we deserve a chance to express our views on how things in the world should be run. What we are trying to do, like other countries, is to improve the international mechanisms to make sure that both developing and developed countries will benefit from our cooperation in the future. We are offering our views and we have the modesty to listen to others. It has always been the tradition of China. But I think we also deserve a hearing of one kind or another. I say this in a very humble way. When
