1、在十一届全国人大四次会议记者会上温家宝总理答中外记者问大会新闻发言人、本次记者会主持人 李肇星: 女士们、先生们，上午好。我们高兴地邀请到温家宝总理与中外记者见面，并回答大家的提问。现在请总理讲话。Ladies and Gentlemen, good morning! Today we have the great pleasure to invite Premier Wen Jiabao to meet Chinese and foreign press and answer your questions. First, some opening remarks from Mr. Premi
2、er.中国国务院总理 温家宝: 各位记者朋友，大家好。刚刚结束的全国人民代表大会通过了政府工作报告和“十二五 ”规划纲要。摆在我们面前的任务十分艰巨，国内外形势也非常复杂，做好各项工作，完成预期目标，需要付出极大努力。我们要有忧患意识，始终保持清醒的头脑。同时，又要树立信心，信心就像太阳一样，充满光明和希望。我的任期还有两年，我深知这两年的工作不比任何一年要轻松。“政如农工，日夜思之，思其始而成其终。”谢谢。现在可以提问了。Friends of the press, good morning! The just concluded session of the National Peoples
3、 Congress adopted the Government Work Report and the Outline of the 12th Five-year Plan. We face extremely daunting tasks and complex domestic and international situations. We must work very hard if we are to achieve successes in our work on all fronts and meet the goals we have set. We must be full
4、y mindful of potential dangers and keep a cool head. At the same time, we should have firm confidence. Confidence is like the sun. It brings us and bright and hope. There are two years left in my term of office, I know full well that my work in the next two years will not be easier than any of the p
5、revious years. I do my job as diligently as a farmer tends to his field. I have it on my mind day and night. I work for a thorough planning from the start and Im determined to carry it through to a successful end. Thank you!人民日报、人民网记者: 总理，您好！我是人民日报、人民网记者。“十二五”规划确定未来五年我国经济增长的预期目标，就是年均增长 7%。我们注意到，这个数字
6、和“ 十一五”规划相比降低了 0.5 个百分点。请问总理，我们主动调低经济增长速度这样一个选择是出于什么考虑？如果未来经济增长速度有所放缓会不会影响扩大就业以及改善民生等方面？谢谢。Im with Peoples daily and P. We have noted that the 12th Five-year Plan has set an annual GDP growth target of 7% in the next five years. That target is 0.5 percentage point lower than the GDP growth target se
7、t up in the 11th Five-year Plan. Premier, my question is: what is the consideration of the government in taking the initiative to adjust the downward of the GDP growth target. Will a slower economy affect the governments efforts to expand employment and improve peoples well-being?温家宝: 主动调低经济发展的速度，不仅
8、表明决心和意志，而且是一个重大的举措。就是说，在今后五年以至中国经济发展的相当长时期，我们要把转变经济增长方式作为主线。真正使中国的经济转到主要依靠科技进步和提高劳动者素质上来，着重提高经济的增长质量和效益。We have set a lower GDP growth target for the next five years. I believe this shows the resolve and will of the Chinese government. It is also a major step that the government is determined to tak
9、e. This means that in the next five years and even for a much longer period of time to come, in the course of Chinas economic development, we will take the transformation of Chinas economic development pattern as our priority task so that we will be able to refocus Chinas economic development to sci
10、entific and technological advances and to higher educational level of the labor force. And we will be able to in that way raise the quality and efficiency of Chinas economic development.经济发展速度、就业与通货膨胀三者之间有密切联系。经济发展速度高，就业人数就会多，但通胀的压力也会大。经济发展速度低，就业人数少，但很容易使经济走向衰退。我们必须在这两条道路当中走出一条光明的路，把它们有机地连接起来。The sp
11、eed of economic growth, employment and inflation leads three aspects of closely interconnected. A high growth speed will bring more jobs, but at the same time increase inflationary pressure. And a low growth speed will mean fewer jobs but it is also likely to cause economic recession. We must strike
12、 a right balance between these two and insure a bright future for Chinas economic development. We should take an integrated approach in taking relevant efforts on both fronts.我们要充分利用这样一个机会，调整经济结构，解决中国经济长期以来存在的不平衡、不协调和不可持续的问题，使经济的发展与人口、环境和资源相适应。We must seize the current opportunities and make adjustm
13、ents to Chinas economic structure so that we will be able to resolve the long-standing problem in Chinas economic development. That is a lack of adequate balance, coordination and sustainability. And we must strike a balance between economic development and population, environmental protection and r
14、esources.7%的发展速度也不算低了。大家注意到，我们的经济总量在不断增加，7% 的速度使经济增长也不断增加，也就是说基数大了，真正实现有质量和效益的 7%的增长速度，并非是一件容易的事情。谈到就业，我觉得我们应该重视结构调整，在结构调整中特别应该重视发展中小企业，主要是科技型的小企业。重视发展服务业，包括生产服务业，这些都可以容纳更多的就业。我们一定想办法，在比过去低的速度下还能解决中国日益增长的就业压力问题，这对政府是一个极大的考验。我们完全有决心能够办好这件事情。I also want to point out that a 7% growth target is not a lo
15、w target. We have noted that Chinas economic aggregates have been expanding rapidly in recent years. And that 7% growth rate will also further add to Chinas size of economy in aggregate terms. And that means we have an increasingly large base figure. Therefore it will not be easy for us to achieve t
16、his 7% growth target while at the same time insuring good quality and efficiency of economic development. With respect to jobs, I would like to say that we must pay close attention to economic restructuring. And in this course we should give priority to developing small and medium-sized enterprises,
17、 in particular small high-tech enterprises and develop the service sector including producer services. All these will help us spur more jobs. The government will make every effort to cope with the rising employment pressure with this downward adjusted economic growth target. I think this poses a gre
18、at test to the government but we have the determination that we will be successful.谢谢你。Thank you!法国观点周刊记者: 谢谢主持人！温总理，您好！我是法国观点周刊的记者朱浩林。我们看到，今年年初以来，在北非的一些国家经历了很大的变化。世界也在关注着快速发展的中国，有人认为中国在政治、经济、文化等领域已经创建了属于自己的发展模式。我想问的问题是，中国的发展模式如何很好地适应变化中的大环境？其他国家能否从中国的发展模式中借鉴并得到启示？Im with Le Point of France. Mr. Pri
19、me minister, North Africa has been experimenting tremendous changes since the beginning of the year. And the world is now observing China which is perusing its course. Can we say that China has created its own model in the mode of politics, economics and culture? And how is this model going to adapt
20、 to this new environment? And could some other countries be inspired by this model? Thank you!温家宝: 我们十分关注西亚、北非发生的政治动荡，但是我们认为，任何把中国同西亚、北非发生政治动荡的国家相类比都是不正确的。We have followed closely the turbulence of the political situation in some West Asian and North African countries. At the same time, we take the
21、view that it is not right to draw an analogy between China and those relevant countries.改革开放 30 年来，中国经济社会取得了飞速的发展，人民生活明显改善，这是举世公认的。我们的政府在认真解决当前经济社会存在的问题，这也是老百姓有目共睹的事。中国经济这些年确实发生了很大的变化，我们的经济总量跃居到世界第二位，但是我们一直清醒地认识到中国人口多、底子薄、发展不平衡，依然是一个发展中国家。With over thirty years of reform and opening up, China has ac
22、hieved rapid development in its economic and social fields. The lives of the Chinese people have been markedly improved. These achievements have been widely recognized. I believe the Chinese people have also seen that the Chinese government is taking serious steps to address the challenges and probl
23、ems in Chinas economic and social development. It is true that recent years have witnessed major changes in Chinas economy. Now the Chinese economy has become the second largest in the world. But at the same time, we are also fully aware that China remains a developing country with large population,
24、 weak economic foundation and uneven development.我们选择了一条适合中国国情的发展道路。这条道路的主要特点是：第一，必须坚持以经济建设为中心，大力促进经济发展和社会进步；第二，必须坚持以人为本，全面协调和可持续发展；第三，必须坚持社会公平正义以保持社会的和谐和稳定；第四，必须保障人民的民主权利，促进人的全面发展，以进一步调动人民的积极性和创造性。We have embarked on the development path that fits Chinas national conditions. The main features of th
25、is development path are as follows: First, we will focus on economic construction and vigorously promote economic development and social progress; Second, we will continue to put peoples interests first and strive for comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development; Third, we will continue to
26、 promote social fairness and justice and maintain social stability and harmony; And fourth, we will protect the democratic rights of the people, promote their all-round development and give further play to the initiative and creativity of the people.我们的改革和建设还在探索当中，我们从来不认为自己的发展是一种模式。同样，我们认为任何国家都要走适合自
27、己国情的发展道路，我们尊重各国人民的选择。我们认为，不同的国家、不同的发展道路都可以相互尊重、相互学习和借鉴。谢谢你。China is still taking exploratory steps with respect to its reform and development. We have never seen our own development path as any particular model. We believe that all countries can identify their own development paths which are suited
28、to their national conditions, and we respect the choices made by people of other countries. At the same time, we take the view that countries can learn from each other in terms of development path on the bases of mutual respect. Thank you!香港有线电视记者: 您在“十二五” 规划报告当中特别提到港澳，包括继续支持香港作为国际金融中心的角色，还有就是确立粤港多项
29、大型机械建设项目的合作，中央在作出这些规划的过程当中都有哪些考虑？另外，现在有人说香港已经逐渐在消失它的传统优势，已经没有独立的能力应对区域竞争，所以迫使中央这次要出手，您怎么看待这个说法？我们很想知道，这些措施长远是否能够有效的解决现在香港存在的一些，比如贫富悬殊这样一些深层次矛盾等问题。谢谢。Im with Cable TV of Hong Kong. A separate chapter has been devoted to Hong Kong and Macaos development in Chinas 12th Five-year Plan. The central gover
30、nment has indicated in the plan that it will continue to support Hong Kong to develop its status as the international financial center. And further details have also been spelled out concerning the cooperation between Guangdong Province and Hong Kong with respect to a number of large infrastructural
31、 development projects. I would like to ask: what is the consideration of the Chinese central government in laying out all these arrangements. Some people argue that Hong Kong is losing its traditional advantage and is also unable to cope with regional competition on its own. And that is why the cent
32、ral government felt compelled to draw up the plan for Hong Kongs development. I would like to ask: what is your view on this and will these measures taken by the central government be enough to help Hong Kong resolve some of its underlying problems, for example, the widening income gap in Hong Kong.
33、温家宝: 听到香港记者的提问，我想起在 2003 年我访问了香港，也就是在那一年那次访问，我见证了内地与香港签署了 CEPA 协定。我可以先跟你说，我很想再去一次香港，看望香港人民，向香港人民表示问候。Your question reminds me of my visit to Hong Kong in 2003. It was during that visit in that year that I attended the signing ceremony of Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement Between Hong Kong and
34、the Mainland. I would like to tell you that I want very much to visit Hong Kong again to see the people in Hong Kong and bring my greetings to the people in Hong Kong.这次“ 十二五 ”规划纲要把港澳单独列为一章，表明了中央政府对香港和澳门保持长期稳定的坚定支持。这样做不仅是两个特别行政区政府和各界人士的要求，也是对港澳的长期发展有利的。方才你说香港的传统优势不存在了，我不这样看。香港背靠祖国，面向国际，有着开放的自由经济，有着同
35、国际经济接轨的完备法律法规，有着全面的各类管理人才。香港经历了两次金融危机，都经受住了考验。香港作为国际金融中心的优势地位没有改变。There is a separate chapter devoted to Hong Kong and Macao in the 12th Five-year Plan Outline. This shows that the central government has firm support for the long-term stability in Hong Kong and Macao. This not only meets aspiration
36、of the governments of the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macao and the People in the two SARs. It is also in the interest of the long-term development of Hong Kong and Macao. You said in your question that Hong Kong has lost its traditional advantage. Actually I take a different vie
37、w. Hong Kong with strong backing of the motherland and facing the world has an open and free economy. It has a full fledged legal system that is consistent with international practices. It has a large pool of managerial personnel in various kinds. And Hong Kong has withstood the test of two financia
38、l crises. So I believe Hong Kongs traditional advantage as international financial center has not changed.在规划当中，我们特别强调要使香港成为人民币离岸的结算中心和国际资产中心。事实上，这些年我们在金融上的改革都首先在香港先行先试。比如，人民币在香港的存款已经超过三千亿。我们首先实现了货物贸易在香港以人民币结算的试点。内地特别是珠江三角洲与香港合作得到加强，与此同时，香港连接内地的各项基础设施建设很快地向前推进，使物流、人流更加畅通和便捷。这些都有利于巩固和发展香港的金融中心地位。It i
39、s set out in the 12th Five-year Plan that the central government will support Hong Kong in developing itself into an offshore RMB business center and an international asset management center. Actually many of the pilot programs that we have taken in the reform in the financial sector in recent years
40、 have been first conducted in Hong Kong SAR. For example, the RMB deposits now in Hong Kong have exceeded 300 billion Yuan. At the same time, we have also run the pilot program of settling cross-boarder trade with RMB in Hong Kong, in particular trade in goods. Moreover, the cooperation between Hong
41、 Kong and mainland, in particular the Pearl River Delta has been enhanced and fast progress has been made in the series of infrastructure projects linking Hong Kong with the mainland. All these have facilitated the freer flow of goods and personnel between the two sides. And I believe these measures
42、 will help further consolidate and develop Hong Kongs status as an international financial center.香港目前不仅有应对区域竞争和风险的能力，也有应对世界竞争和风险的能力。但是，香港也面临着相当复杂的外部局势。因此，也要有忧患意识，利用好机遇迎接各种挑战。我曾经讲过，香港要注意三件事情：第一，要有一个长远的、科学的发展规划；第二，要重视和解决经济社会发展中的深层次矛盾；第三，要努力改善民生。我以为，在香港还要重视教育、科技，以增强香港发展的后劲。还要从自身实际出发，重视发展服务业，包括金融服务和旅游服
43、务。发展小型的科技创新企业，以增加就业。香港有着比较充裕的财政收入和雄厚的外汇储备，要进一步加强社会保障体系的建设，特别要照顾好弱势群体，致力于改善民生。谢谢你。I believe Hong Kong has the ability to cope with not only regional competition and risks, but also international competition and risks. At the same time, Hong Kong is confronted by a complex external environment. Theref
44、ore, it is important for the Hong Kong SAR to be mindful of the potential perils, make the most of the good opportunities and meet the challenges ahead on. I have said that Hong Kong needs to pay close attention to the following three things: First, Hong Kong needs to have a long term and scientific
45、 development plan; Second, it needs to attach great importance to addressing the underlying problems in Hong Kongs economic and social development; And third, Hong Kong should work hard to improve peoples well-being. At the same time, I believe its important for Hong Kong to pay close attention to t
46、he development of education and science and technology so as to sustain its momentum of future development. Meanwhile, Hong Kong needs to further develop its service sector, including financial services and tourism in the light of Hong Kongs actual conditions and further develop those small innovati
47、ve high-tech enterprises to create more jobs. Hong Kong has sufficient government revenues and ample foreign exchange reserves. Hong Kong needs to make the most of its favorable conditions and improve the social safety net, in particular, take good care of the vulnerable groups, so that people in Ho
48、ng Kong will lead a much better life.对不起，我想利用这个时间还想回答一个你没有提的问题。Let me take a few minutes to address something that you did not mention in your question.也就是说在“十二五 ”规划制定过程中，在香港有一种舆论，说香港“被规划” 了。我想在这里再次强调，我们将坚持“一国两制 ”的方针，认真执行 “港人治港”、高度自治，严格遵守基本法。中央制定的 “十二五”规划都是支持香港的发展，中央的规划绝不会代替香港的自身规划。Well, that is dur
49、ing the formulation of the 12th Five-year Plan Outline there was such an opinion in Hong Kong that the plan was actually imposed upon the Hong Kong SAR. Here, I would like to emphasize that we will adhere to the principle of “One Country, Two Systems”, “The Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong” and a high degree of autonomy. We will act in strict accordance with the Basic Law. And the purpose of the central government in laying out such a chapter about Hong Kong and Macao in the 12th Five-year Plan is to support Hong Kongs development and this
