1、口译笔译分类词汇（08）-经济金融词汇 不景气 slump （衰退 recession） 二板市场 the second board market中国创业板 China Growth Enterprise Market首次上市 IPOs (initial public offering)市场资本总额 market capitalization法人股 institutional shares内部股（非上市招股） private company shares牛市 bull market 法律风险 legal risk风险管理 risk management坚持严格的贷款标准 maintain st
2、rong underwriting standards六大风险 risks in 6 key areas (U.S. Federal Reserve criterion)信用风险 credit risk 供给学派 supply-side economist第一产业（农业） agriculture (primary industry)第二产业（工业） manufacturing industry (secondary industry)第三产业（服务业） service industry (tertiary industry)主要经济指标 major economic indicators国内生
3、产总值 GDP gross domestic product （商品和劳务币值总和，不包括海外收入支出）国民生产总值 GNP gross national product（商品和劳务币值总和，包括海外收入支出）人均国内生产总值 GDP per capita 宏观经济 macro economy 互助基金 mutual fund扩大内需 expand domestic demand改善居民心理预期 inspire the general publics confidence in the future needs鼓励增加即期消费 encourage more immediate consumpt
4、ion 长期国债 long-term treasury bonds支付国债利息 to service treasury bonds财政赤字和债务 deficits and the national debt按原口径计算 calculate on the base line按不变价格计算 calculate at constant price按可比价格计算 calculate at comparable price列入财政预算支出 listed in the fiscal budget结售汇制度 the system of exchange, settlement and sales 经常项目顺
5、差 favorable balance of current account, surplus of current account开办人民币业务 engage in Renminbi (RMB) business 出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods 保证金台帐制度 Deposit account system for processing trade分期付款 pay by installment保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings 抵押贷款 collateralised loans 住房抵
6、押贷款 residential mortgage loan 货币主义者 monetarist 计划经济 planned economy 指令性计划 mandatory plan 技术密集型 technology intensive大规模生产 mass production 经济林 cash tree跟踪审计 follow-up auditing 流动性风险 liquidity risk操作风险 operational risk 内部审计 internal audit 抛售 bear sales 配套政策 supporting policies 中国人民银行（中央银行）The Peoples B
7、ank of China（ central bank）四大国有商业银行 4 major state-owned commercial banks中国银行 Bank of china 中国工商银行 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China（） and中国建设银行 Construction Bank of China中国农业银行 Agricultural Bank of China招商银行 China Merchants Bank 疲软股票 soft stock配股 allotment of shares 实际增长率 growth rate in real t
8、erms年均增长率 average growth rate per annum投资回报率 rate of return on investment 外贸进出口总额 total foreign trade value实际利用外资 incoming overseas capital (investment) in place消费价格指数 consumer price index (CPI)零售价格指数 retail price index （RPI）生活费用价格总指数 total price index of living cost生活费用 income available for living
9、expenses 扣除物价因素 in real terms / on inflation-adjusted basis 居民储蓄存款 residents bank savings deposit恩格尔系数（食品开支占总支出的比例） Engel coefficient基尼系数（衡量地区差别） Gini coefficient购买力平价法 purchasing power parity (PPP) （衡量使用不同货币的两个国家或地区的经济水平、收入水平的一种计算法，用相等的汇率比较两种货币各自的国内购买力）片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth 泡沫经济 bubb
10、le economy 经济过热 overheating of economy通货膨胀 inflation 实体经济 the real economy 经济规律 laws of economics 市场调节 market regulation优化资源配置 optimize allocation of resources 规模经营优势 advantage of economies of scale劳动密集型 labor intensive 市场风险 market risk 收紧银根 tighten up monetary policy适度从紧的财政政策 moderately tight fisca
11、l policy信用紧缩 credit crunch 加强国有商业银行内部资金调度 In state commercial banks, internal capital allocation should be improved. 合理划分贷款审批权限 Limits of authority for examining and approving loans should be rationally defined.保证有市场、有效益、守信用企业的流动资金贷款 ensure floating capital loans for well-performing and trustworthy
12、enterprises which turn out the right products for the right markets启动民间投资 attract investment from the private sector适销对路的产品 the right products / readily marketable products国有企业 state-owned enterprises (SOEs)集体企业 collectively-owned (partnership) enterprises私营企业 private businesses民营企业 privately-run bu
13、sinesses中小企业 small-and-medium-sized enterprises三资企业（中外合资、中外合作、外商独资） overseas-invested enterprises; foreign-invested enterprises (Chinese-overseas equity joint ventures, Chinese-overseas contractual joint ventures, wholly foreign- owned enterprises)存款保证金 guaranty money for deposits 货币回笼 withdrawal of
14、 currency from circulation 吸收游资 absorb idle fund 经常性贷款 commercial lending经常性支出 operating expenses再贷款 re-lending; subloan支持国有大型企业和高新技术企业上市融资 support large state-owned enterprises and high and innovative technology companies in their efforts to seek financing by listing on the stock market改制上市 An ente
15、rprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock market.进一步规范和发展证券市场 further standardize and develop the securities market增加直接融资比重 increase the proportion of direct financing完善股票发行上市制度 improve the system for IPO and listing on stock markets中国证监会 Chi
16、na Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)深圳证券交易所市 Shenzhen Stock Exchange上海证券交易所 Shanghai Stock Exchange综合指数 composite index纳斯达克（高技术企业板） NASDAQ （National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation主板市场 the main board 通货紧缩 deflation中国现代化建设分三步走的战略 the three-step development strategy of Chin
17、as modernization drive 第一步，到 1990 年国民生产总值比 1980 年翻一番 Step One: GDP of 1990 doubles that of 1980.第二步，到 2000 年人均国民生产总值比 1980 年翻两番，人民生活达到小康水平 Step Two: GDP of 2000 quadruples that of 1980; people live a fairly comfortable life.第三步，到 21世纪中期建国 100 周年时，达到中等发达国家水平 Step Three: By the year 2049, the 100th an
18、niversary of the P.R.C., Chinas level of development is expected to be on par with the mid-ranking developed countries与世界经济的联系将更加紧密 be more closely linked to the world economy中国巨大的市场潜力将逐步转化为现实的购买力 The huge market potential that China enjoys will be turned into tangible purchasing power.适应市场经济需要的法律法规
19、体系还不够健全 The regulatory and legal system is not well established as to adapt to the demand of market economy.经济管理体制可能会出现一些不适应 The economic management system may not be readily adapted to the changes.一些行业和企业可能会受到冲击 Some sectors of economy and some businesses may be adversely affected.立足中国国情，发挥自身优势 pro
20、ceed from national conditions in China and bring our advantages into play扬长避短，趋利避害，迎接经济全球化的挑战 foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses and rise to the challenge of economic globalization瓶颈制约 bottleneck constraints放权让利 decentralization and interest concessions (in late 1980s and early 1990s)深化改革 in
21、tensify reform; deepen ones commitment to reform配套改革 supporting (concomitant) reforms配套资金 counterpart funds; local funding of提高经济效益 improve economic performance; increase economic returns讲求社会效益 value contribution to society; pay attention to social effect加速国民经济信息化 develop information-based economy a
22、ccelerate IT application in economy拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes 债转股 debt-to-equity swap头寸宽裕（头寸紧缺） in an easy position (tight position)朝阳产业 sunrise industry招标投标制 the system of public bidding for project 充分发挥
23、货币政策的作用 give full play to the role of monetary policy实施积极的财政政策 follow a pro-active fiscal policy向银行增发国债，扩大投资 The government issued additional treasury bonds to banks to increase investment.再注资 recapitalization放松银根 to ease monetary policy 信息经济 IT economy外向型经济 export-oriented economy 信息时代 information
24、age全球化 globalization （全球性 globality） 信誉风险 reputational risk风险评级 risk rating到期不还贷 default on a loan资不抵债 insolvency; be insolvent亚洲金融危机 Asian financial crisis (1997-98)投资（贷款）组合 investment (loan) portfolio 外汇储备充足 sufficient foreign exchange reserves中国金融业问题 problems with financial sector in China储蓄比例过高
25、the excessively large proportion of savings in the money supply国有企业产负债率过高 high leverage ratio of the state-owned enterprises,国有独资商业银行不良资产比例过高 high ratio of non-performing loans of the state commercial banks少数中小存款金融机构不能支付到期债务 insolvency of a handful of small and medium-sized financial institutions不良贷
26、款 non-performing loans防范和化解金融风险 address financial risks提高企业借贷和行使民事责任的能力 improve enterprises creditworthiness and ability to fulfil their civil liabilities监事会 supervisory board实行谨慎会计制度 adopt prudential accounting standards 五级分类法划分贷款质量 the five-category asset classification approach 金融资产管理公司 financial
27、 asset management companies分离和收回不良资产 substantially reduce the ratio of non-performing assets 分业管理、规模经营 business segregation, economy of scale规范金融机构市场退出制度 improve the market exit mechanism for financial institutions政策性银行 state policy-related bank国家发展银行 State Development Bank 知识经济 knowledge-based econ
28、omy网络经济 Internet-based networked economy 指导性计划 guidance plan社会主义市场经济（中国） socialist market economy社会市场经济（德国） social market economy新经济（美国） new economy 中国光大银行 Everbright Bank of China中国民声银行 China Minsheng Banking Corporation Ltd.中信实业银行 CITIC Industrial Bank 中国进出口银行 China EXIM Bank汇丰银行 Hong Kong and Sha
29、nghai Banking Corporation (HKSBC)金融监管 financial supervision中国人民银行法 Law of the Peoples Bank of China商业银行法 Law of Commercial Banks保险法 Law of Insurance证券法 Law of Securities巴塞尔原则 Basel Core Principles监管对象的行为有问题、管理机制不健全 problems of supervised entities behavior and the unsound internal governance mechanis
30、m风险意识 consciousness of risk prevention事前监管 proactive regulation and supervision account number 帐目编号ADR(American Depository Receipt)美国存托凭证/存股证Advance-Decline Theory 涨跌理论adverse balance 逆差advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行an application form 申请单Arbitrage 套利Arbitrageur 套利者As Agent 做代理 Ask-Bid System 竞价
31、系统 associate banker of collection 代收银行At-the-Close Order 收盘指令At-the-Market 按市价At-the-Opening(Opening Only)Order 开盘指令Back Up 逆向变化bad debts 坏帐Bandars note 庄票，银票banding machine 自动存取机bank of communications 交通银行bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行bank statement 对帐单banker 银行家 banking hours, business h
32、ours 营业时间Banque de IIndo Chine 东方汇理银行Bar Chart 条线图Base Market value 基准市场价值Bear Market 熊市Bear Raiders 大量抛空者bearer check 不记名支票Bearish 行情看跌Bid-and-Asked Quotation(or Quote) 买方报价和卖方报价（报价）blank check 空白支票Blowout 畅销blue chips 蓝筹股Blue-Chip Stocks 蓝筹股bond, debenture, debts 债券bonus share 红股bookkeeper 簿记员book
33、keeping 簿记branch bank 银行分行Breakout 突破broker/dealer 券商，经纪人Bull Market 牛市Bullish 行情看涨business accounting 商业会计Buying Power 购买力canceled check 已付支票Cancellation 取消capital market 资本市场Capitalization 资本cash account 现金帐cash book 现金出纳帐cash check 现金支票cash 兑现central bank, national bank, bankers bank 中央银行Certific
34、ate 证券证书certificate of deposit 存单Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行chartered bank 特许银行Chase Bank 大通银行check book 支票本check for transfer 转帐支票check stub, counterfoil 票根check 支票clearing and settlement 清算/结算clearing bank 清算银行clearing house 票据交换所Climax(Buying/Selling) 放量（买/ 卖）Close 收盘价close
35、d-end securities investment fund 封闭式证券投资基金Closing Transaction 平仓交易commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）commission 佣金commodity/financial derivatives 商品/金融衍生产品component index 成份指数composite index 综合指数computerized accounting 电脑化会计confirming bank 保兑银行Congesti
36、on Area 震荡区consigned banker of collection 委托银行construction bank 建设银行controlling shareholder 控股股东convertible bond 可转换债券Cornering the Market 操纵市场corporate bond 企业债券Corporation 股份公司corresponding bank 往来银行cost accounting 成本会计counter sign 双签credit trading 信用交易credit bureau 商业兴信所credit card 信用卡credit coop
37、eratives 信用社credit department 银行的信用部credit union 合作银行cross rate, arbitrage rate 套汇汇率crossed check 横线支票Cum Rights 含权Cyclical Stock 周期性股票Date of Record 登记日Day Order 当日委托指令Day Trading 日交易Dealer 交易商debenture 债券debt chain 债务链deflation 通货收缩deposit book, passbook 存折deposit form 存款单deposit receipt 存款收据depos
38、it 存款depositor 存户depreciation accounting 折旧会计Descending Tops 下降顶点趋势devaluation 货币贬值Dip 回调谷direct exchange 直接（对角）套汇discount bank 贴现银行discount rate, bank rate 贴现率discount 贴现dishonor a check 拒付Distribution Area 整理区Diversification 分散投资dividend 红利/股息domestic bank 国内银行Dont Fight the Tape 顺行情交易Double Botto
39、m 双底Double Top 双顶Dumping 抛售economic boom 经济繁荣economic crisis 经济危机economic cycle 经济周期economic depression 经济萧条economic recession 经济衰退economic recovery 经济复苏Effective Date 生效日期endorse 背书endorser 背书人equitable tax system 等价税则exchange bank 汇兑银行Ex-Distribution(X Dis) 无分配额Ex-Dividend(XD)(Without Dividend) Da
40、te 除息日Expiration Date 到期日Ex-Right(XRT) 除权Face value 面值favorable balance 顺差financial trust 金融信托公司financing 融资Floor Order Tickets 场内委托单Floor 交易大厅foreign currency (exchange) reserve 外汇储备foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机foreign exchange fluctuation 外汇波动forged check 伪支票Free-Riding 自由放纵投机行为Frozen Account 冻结账户f
41、und custodian bank 基金托管银行fund manager 基金经理/管理公司Fundamental Analysis 基本面分析Futures 期货Gap 跳空GDR(Global Depository Receipt) 全球存托凭证/存股证general ledger 总帐gilt-edged bond 金边债券gold reserve 黄金储备hard currency 硬通货 Head and Shoulders 头肩形hedge fund 对冲基金Highballing 高价交易highly-leveraged institutions(HLI) 高杠杆交易机构Hol
42、der of Record 登记持股人Holding the Market 托盘home loan bank 家宅贷款银行Hong Kong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行honor a check 兑付Horizontal Price Movement 横盘Hot Issue 抢手证券idle capital 游资import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 进出口银行In the Tank 跳水Inactive Market 不活跃市场Index 指数indirect exchange 间接（三角）套汇industrial and
43、commercial bank 工商银行industrial bank 实业银行inflation 通货膨胀information disclosure 信息披露insider trading/dealing 内幕交易Insider 内幕人Institution 机构投资者institutional investor 机构投资者intermediary 中介机构international balance of payment 国际收支international monetary system 国际货币制度investment bank 投资银行IPO(Initial Public Offeri
44、ng)新股初始公开发行Issued-and-Outstanding Stocks 已发行流通股issuer 发行人issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行Joint Account 联合账户joint venture bank 合资银行journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐junk bond 立即债券land bank 土地银行Last Trading Day 最后交易日letter of credit 信用证Liquidation 清仓liquidity 流通性Listed Stock 上市股票local bank 本地银行Long Market value
45、 所持证券市场价值Long Position 多头头寸Manipulation 操纵margins, collateral 保证金market capitalization 市值market manipulation 市场操纵Market Price 市场价格Market value 市场价值Marketability 流动性mark-to-market 逐日盯市Matched Orders 对敲指令member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行merger and acquisition 收购兼并Merger
46、 合并monetary market 货币市场money (financial) market 金融市场money in circulation 货币流通量money shop, native bank 钱庄mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行national budget 国家预算National City Bank of New York 花旗银行national gross product 国民生产总值Negotiability 流通性negotiable share 可流通股份negotiation
47、 bank 议付银行neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所New Issue 新发行note issue 纸币发行量Offer 要价Offering (Asked) Price 卖方要价Offering Date 发行日Off-Floor Order 场外委托On the Tape 行情显示On-Floor Order 场内委托open/close a position 建/平仓open-end securities investment fund 开放式证券投资基金Opening Only Order 开盘委托指令Opening Tr
48、ansaction 建仓交易Opening 开盘价order check 记名支票outstanding check 未付支票overdraft, overdraw 透支overseas bank 国外银行Oversold 超卖Overvalued 估值过高P(rice)/E(arnings) Ratio 市盈率p/e (price/earning) ratio 市盈率Paper Loss/Profit 账面损益pay-in slip 存款单paying bank 付款银行payment versus delivery 银券交付Pennant 尖旗形Picture 行情Place 发售Port
49、folio 证券组合Position 头寸post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行premium 溢价president 行长Price Range 价格范围Primary Distribution(Offering) 初次发售primary market 一级市场Primary Movement 大趋势Principal value 本金值principal 本金Principals(Stockholders) 股东private deposits 私人存款Profit Taking 活力回吐proprietary trading 自营prospectus 招股说明书Public Offering(Distribution) 公开发售public accounting 公共会计public bond 公债Purchasing(Buying) Power 购买力put / call option 看跌/看涨期权raised capital/proceeds 筹资Rally 反弹rating agency 评级机构Reading the Tape 看盘Record Date 登记日red chips 红筹股Reorganization 资产重组requesting bank 委托开证银行 reserve bank 准备银行Res
