1、环境英语证书考试（PEC）-常用生态学词汇absolute reproductive value 绝对生殖值abundance 多度abyssal zone 深海带acclimation 驯化 absolute reproductive value 绝对生殖值abundance 多度abyssal zone 深海带acclimation 驯化accumulation horizon 淀积层aestivation 夏眠age structure 年龄结构age-specific life table 特定年龄生命表agroecosystem 农业生态系统alleles 等位基因alleloche
2、mic 异种信息素/种间外激素Allens rule 阿伦法则allogenic succession 异发演替allopatric speciation 异域性物种altruism 利他行为asexual reproduction 无性生殖association group 群丛组association table 群丛表association unit theory 群丛单位理论association 群丛associations 群丛Autecology 个体生态学autogenic succession 自发演替autotrophs 自养生物balancing selection hy
3、pothesize 平衡说basal area 底面积Bergmans rule 贝格曼规律bethal zone 半深海带biocoenosis 生物群落bioconcentration 生物浓缩biological enrichment 生物富集biomagnification 生物放大biomass 生物量biome 生物带bionomic strategy 生态对策biosphere 生物圈bottle neck 瓶颈cannibalism 同种相食carnivores 食肉动物carring capacity 负荷量catastrophic 灾难性因素chamaephytes(Ch)
4、 地上芽植物character displacement 特征替代cheliophytes 阴性植物climate climax 气候顶级climate school 气候学派climax community 顶级群落climax 顶级群落cline 渐变群closed community 封闭群落clumped 集群分布coadapted system 协同适应系统coarse grained 粗粒性分布co-dynamics 相互动态co-evolution 协同进化cohort 同生群cold desert 冷荒漠colonization 定居, 建群coloration 色泽commu
5、nities in littoral zone 沿岸生物群落communities in the limnetic zone 湖沼带生物群落communities in the profundal zone 深水带生物群落Community ecology 群落生态学community matrix 群落矩阵community organization 群落组织community 群落companion species 伴生种compen-satory predation 补偿性捕食competition coefficient 竞争系数competition hypothesis 竞争假说c
6、ompetitive exclusion 竞争排除competive lottery 抽彩式竞争conservation 保守主义者conspicuousness 显著度constancy 恒有度contest competition 干扰竞争contest type of competition 争夺型竞争continental rise 大陆隆continental shelf 大陆架continental slope 大陆坡convergent adaptation 趋同适应convergent oscillation 趋同波动cost of gene recombination 基因重
7、组价cost of mating 交配价cost of meiosis 减数分裂价courtship behavior 求偶行为coverage 盖度crude density 原始密度 cryptophytes(Cr) 隐芽植物 decomposition 分解作用delayed density dependence 延后密度制约density effect 密度效应density ratio 密度比density-dependent 密度制约density-independent 非密度制约deterministic model 决定模型detrial food chain 碎 食物链de
8、tritus feeder 食碎生物development 发育diagrammatic life table 图解式生命表diapause 滞育differential species 区别种diffuse competition 分散竞争diominant-submissive 支配 从属directional selection 定向选择discrete generation 离散世代 disruptive selection 分裂选择disturbance climax/disclimax 偏途顶级divergent oscillation 趋异波动dominance 优势度domin
9、ant species 建群种dominant species 优势种dominant-submissive 支配从属关系dry desert 干荒漠dynamic classification 动态分类系统dynamic life table 动态生命表dynamic-composite life table 动态混合生命表 earth nucleus 地幔earths crust 地核Ecological amplitude 生态幅ecological density 生态密度ecological dominance 生态优势ecological environment 生态环境ecolo
10、gical equivalent 生态等值种ecological factor 生态因子ecological force 生态力ecological invasion 生态入侵ecological natality 生态出生率ecological release 生态释放Ecology 生态学ecosystem development 生态系统的发育Ecosystem ecology 生态系统生态学ecosystem 生态系统ecotone hypothesis 生态交错带假说ecotype 生态型ectotherm 外温动物edge effect 边缘效应eitolation phenome
11、non 黄化现象emergy 能值emigration 迁出endogenous migration 内因性迁移endotherm 内温动物environment hormone 环境激素environment 环境equilibrium theory 平衡理论euphotic zone 透光带euryecious 广栖的euryhaline 广盐性的euryhydric 广水性的euryphagic 广食性的eurythermal 广温性的eurytopic species 广适种eutrophication 富营养化evergreen hardwood forest 常绿硬材林Evolut
12、ion ecology 进化生态学evolution force 进化力exogenous migration 外因性迁移exploitive competition 利用竞争exponetial growth 指数增长 facultative parthenogenesis 孤雌生殖facultative parthenogenesis 兼性孤雌生殖facultative 兼性因素family selection 家庭选择farmland ecosystem 农田生态系统fecundity schedule 生育力表fecundity 生育力feedback 反馈feeding niches
13、 取食生态位filter food 滤食性生物fine grained 细粒性分布finite rate of increase 周限增长率fitness 合适度floristic-structural classification 植物区系结构分类系统fluctuation 波动food chain 食物链formation group 群系组formation 群系formation 植物群系foundational niche 基础生态龛freshwater ecology 淡水生态学freshwater ecosystem 淡水生态系统function response 功能反应 ga
14、mete selection 配子选择gaps 缺口gaseous cycle 气体循环geng pool 基因库geographic variation 地理变异geographical theory of speciation 物种形成geometric growth 几何级数增长 geophytes(G) 地下芽植物global ecology 全球生态gradient hypothesis 梯度假说grain 粒性grazer 牧食生物grazing food chain 捕食食物链greenhouse effect 温室效应gregarization pheromone 聚集信息素g
15、ross primary production 总初级生产力group selection 群体选择group selection 群体选择group selection 群选择growth form 生长型guild 同资源团 habal zone 深渊带habitat 生境heath 石楠群丛height 高度hemicryptophytes(He) 地面芽植物herbivore 植食herbivores 植食动物heterotrophic succession 异养演替heterotrophs 异养生物hibernation 冬眠homeostasis 内稳态homeostasis 自调节稳态
