1、18语法填空思考与训练,1、语法填空主要考查哪方面的内容?,2、语法填空命题特点是什么 ?,语法和词汇（考试重点）,上下文连贯性（语境）,101.51510150151？,共10个小题,每题1.5分,满分15分,须在10分钟内完成,短文长度150词左右,设空间距15词左右,每格不一定1个词（特别是谓语或非谓语动词形式 ）,侧重语境加语法语 法 占 关 键,一、语法填空考查的内容与特点,二、语法填空考哪些语法项目？,1、名词；2、代词；3、数词；4、介词和介词短语；5、连词；6、形容词；7、副词；8、冠词；9、动词；10、时态；11、被动语态；12、非谓语动词；,13、构词法；14、句子种类；1
2、5、句子成分；16、简单句基本句型；17、主谓一致；18、并列复合句；19、主从复合句；20、间接引语；21、省略；22、倒装；23、强调；24、虚拟语气。,话题三,1、阅读/理解语篇的能力;2、分析句子结构的能力;3、熟练运用语法的能力。,语法填空题能力要求,重在基础语法和句子结构分析：从语法角度去考虑，填的是语法词，包括功能词和词形变换两个方面。不限定一个词。句子方面，要学会正确分析句子的结构，如主谓宾等；还要会区分主从句的层次。特别是动词的成分，是否谓语动词。,语法填空题解题方向,语 法,语法填空题型的解题思路,三、语法填空解题技巧（“由大到小” ）,1、通读全文、了解大意、把握特征、弄
3、清文脉。,2、巧用已知，连线画图、降低难度、铺平道路。,3、理解句意、分析结构、大胆猜测、各个击破 。,4、重读全篇、仔细核查、语法正确、语意贯通。,5、拼写正确、书写规范、大小写准确（注意三写）。,根据语法知识进行填充根据逻辑关系进行填充根据语篇标志进行填充 语篇是指比单个句子长的语言单位（句群、段落、篇章等）。语篇间往往有标明内在联系的词，我们称这些词为“语篇标志词”。如表示结构层次的有first, second, third, finally等；表示逻辑关系的有thus，therefore，so等；表示转折关系或变换话题的有however, but, by the way等。“语篇标志词
4、”对迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文关系很有帮助。,4.根据固定词组进行填充熟练掌握一些常见的词组，如as a matter of, be proud of, by the way, come from, congratulateon, devoteto, earn ones living, keep ones word, make up ones mind等，对解题很有帮助。 5. 根据句型搭配进行填,就是根据一些常用的句型搭配，如so/suchthat, it is(for sb.) to do sth., There is no doubt that, there is no sense
5、in doing sth.等来解题。,6. 根据词汇知识进行填充 指根据某些词语在用法上的特殊搭配来解题。如下列各类动词必须牢记：只能接动词的-ing形式作宾语的动词，只能接to do作宾语的动词，接to do作补语的动词，接do作补语的动词，接doing或done作补语的动词，对句式搭配要求较为特别的词语，等等。7. 根据生活常识进行填充,2009届英语摸底考试语法填空题：,Once a year a race is held for old cars. A lot of cars entered for this race last year and there _31_ a great
6、deal of excitement just before it began. One of the _32_ handsome cars was a Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost. The most unusual car _33_ had only three wheels was a Benz. _34_ (Build) in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part. After a great many loud explosions, _35_ race began. Many of the cars broke down
7、 on the course and some drivers spent more time under their cars than _36_ them! A few cars, _37_ , completed the race. The winning car reached a _38_ of forty miles an hour much faster than any of its rivals（对手）. It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble _39_ (try)
8、 to stop it. The race gave everyone a great deal of pleasure. It was very _40_ from modern cars but no less exciting.,备考策略,1不断记忆，积累词汇。语法填空题对单词提出了比以前更高的要求，它不但要求考生认识单词，还要求能写出一些要求的单词。这就要求考生平时不断地记忆单词，不断地积累词汇，千方百计地把我们的词汇量提高上去。考试时才能随心所欲的写出单词，填出固定搭配。,2夯实基础，学好语法。 英语的基础知识琐碎繁杂，不是一朝一夕就能掌握的，它要求我们平时多听，多读，多记，夯实自己
9、的基础知识；我们还要坚定不移地加强语法的学习，尤其是长句、难句、复杂句的分析。只有这样，才能为综合能力的提高打下坚实的基础。,3大声朗读，培养语感。 语感是一种对语言、语段或词句的感受能力，是一种看不见摸不着的东西，但在做完形填空题时又是必不可少的东西。娴熟的语感的形成不是一蹴而就的，要在平时的学习过程中多听，多读，尤其是大声朗读犹为重要。在早读或晚读时间，抛开顾忌，放开喉咙，大声朗读，对培养语感是非常重要的。如果通过朗读能够多背诵一些课文是再好不过的了。语感在你的朗读和背诵课文的过程中，不知不觉地逐步形成了。,4坚持不懈，多做练习。 语法填空是一种新题型，考生在前几年都不曾练过的。但是高考中
10、又占了总分的十分之一，非常重要。因此要求考生在考前一段时间要大量练习这种题型，不断练习，不断总结，不断提高，高考时才能处变不惊，轻松应对。,练习与思考,Mark Twain , a famous American writer, was once traveling in France. He went by _31_ to Dijon. He was very _32_(sleep) and wanted to sleep. He therefore asked the conductor to wake him up when the train came to Dijon. But fi
11、rst he explained that he was a very heavy sleeper. “I may possible protest loudly _33_ you try to wake me up!” he said to the conductor. “But dont take any notice of _34_ I say. Just push me _35_ the train, anyway.” Then Mark Twain went to sleep. Later, when he woke up, _36_ was night time and the t
12、rain had reached Paris already. He realized at once that the conductor _37_(forget) to call him at Dijon. He was so angry that he ran up to the conductor and began to shout at him. “ I have never been _38_ angry in all my life.” Mark Twain said. _39_(look) at him calmly, the conductor said, “You are not half as hungry as _40_ American whom I pushed off the train at Dijon.”,分析与研究文章中考到的考点：谓语动词非谓语动词代词名词连词冠词介词形容词副词,1个,1个,0个,2个,2个,1个,1个,1个,1个,学习建议：、掌握单词、词组、懂得分析句子结构、多听、多说、多读、多写，增强语感,实践与提高Practice makes perfect!,goodbye,
