1、难句 剖析拓展 1. It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades. 早在 18 世纪，就预测到英语有一天将会成为全球性语言，在最近几十里，这一点得到了证 明。 剖析 本句中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的主语从句。 拓展 为了避免头重脚轻，常常用 it 作形式主语，而把真正主语放在后面。常用的结构还 有： 1）it过去分词从句
2、It i s predicted that. . . 据预测 It is said that. . . 据说 It is believed that. . . 大家相信 It is reported that. . . 据报道 2）it is形容词从句 It is natural that. . . 很自然 It is strange that. . . 奇怪的是 2. Some respected theories on language acquisition believe that to attain a high level of fluency and accuracy in a
3、foreign language, you need to be surrounded by it. 一些备受尊崇的语言习得理论认为，要想达到高水平的外语流利程度和准确性，你得置身 于该语言的环境 中。 剖析 1）本句中 that 引导的是宾语从句。 2）to attain a high level 是不定式作目的状语。 拓展 1）引导宾语从句的连接词有:连词 that(在口语中 that 常可省略), if, whether；连接代词 who, whom, whose, which；连接副词 when, where, how, why。 2)过去分词在句子中作定语，相当于一个被动语态的定语从
4、句，单个的过去分词位于被修 饰的名词前面，过去分词短语作定语，常位于被修饰的名词后面。除了过去分词短语，作 后置定语的短语还有现在分词短语、介词短语和形容词短语等。 3. What this means is that they make sure there is an adequate amount of input in English conveyed to the students through various mediums. 这就意味着，他们要确保通过多种方式给学生足够的英语输入量。 剖析 这是一个主从复合句，What this means 是主句, that 引导的是表语从句
5、。 conveyed to the students through various mediums 是过去分词用作后置定语，修饰 an adequate amount of input. 拓展 conveyed to sb. 向某人传达、表达某事或某种表情。如： I want to convey to my students that reading is the most important in learning a foreign language. 我想告诉学生们，读是学习外语中最重要的。 4. This can take the fo rm of reading and liste
6、ning materials whic h must be of the highest quality. 足够量的语言输入可以以高质量的阅读和听力材料的形式呈现。 剖析 1）这是一个主从复合句，This can take the form of reading and listening materials 是主 句, which 引导的是限制性定语从句。 2）take the form / take a form of“以的形式出现、存在”。如： A typical training programme takes the form of a series of workshops. 一种
7、典型的培训方案是 以系列研讨的形式出现的。 拓展 在定语从句中 that, which, who, whose名词常作主语、表语、宾语，whom 只能作表 语和宾语，where 常作地点状语，when 常作时间状语。 5. You would probably think that the father was congratulating his son on doing something well. 你可能会认为父亲在祝贺儿子某事做得好。 剖析 这是一个主从复合句，You would probably think 是主句, that 引导的是宾语从句。 congratulate on 意
8、为“祝贺，向道贺”，介词 on 后常接动名词。 拓展 动名词常作 on, about, after, against, at, before, besides, by, for, from, in, since, without 等介词的宾语。如： He never complained about being sent to work far away. 他从不抱怨被派到远方工作。 Besides knowing English, he is fluent in German. 他除了懂英语, 还能流利地说德语 6. It is a language without words that c
9、onsists of gestures, facial expressions and body movements that greatly add to and sometimes even replace spoken language. 这是一种没有词语，由手势、面部表情和身体动作组成的语言，它极大地丰富了有时 甚至取代了口头语言。 剖析 1）这是一个主从复合句，It is a language without words 是主句, it 指上文中的 body language；that consi sts of gestures, facial expressions and bod
10、y movements 是定语从句, 修饰 language。 2）consist of 由组成，由构成。如： The delegation consisted of ten teachers and fifty students. 代表团由 10 名教师和 50 名学生组 成。 拓展 it 作主语具有下面的意义： 1）it 指上文提到的人、物和事情。 2）it 表示时间、地点、天气、距离 等。 3）it 用于构成强调结构。 7. Body language can therefore make peoples feelings more transparent as although we
11、can lie with words, it is not as e asy to do so with our bodies. 因此，身体语言能够使人们的感情表露得更清晰，因为尽管我们能够用语言撒谎，但是， 用身体语言来撒谎不那么容易。 剖析 这是一个主从复合句， Body language can therefore make peoples feelings more transparent 是主句， as 引导的是原因状语从句。 拓展 because, since, as 和 for 的区别： 1） because 语势最强，用来说明 人所不知的原因，回答 why 提出的问题，是句子中
12、的重 要部分，常放在句末。 2）当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用 as 或 since。 3）for 是并列连词，表示对多种情况加以推断 8. Learning to be aware of your body language can be a very useful tool. 学会意识到你的身体语言可以是一种非常有用的工具。 剖析 本句中 learning to be aware of your body language 是主语。 9. Regardless of these differences, experts agree that across the globe the
13、re is one form of body language that receives universal approvalthe smile. 尽管存在着这些不同，世界各地的专家们却一致认为有一种身体语言得到普遍的认同，那 就是微笑 剖析 这是一个主从复合句，Regardless of these differences 是让步状语；that across the globe there is one form of body language 是宾语从句；that receives universal approvalthe smile 是 定语从句，修饰 body language。
