1、水的黏度表(040)温度T粘度Pas或Nsm-2温度 T粘度Pas或Nsm-2KK0273.161.79211.792110-320.2293.361.00001.000010-31274.161.73131.731310-321294.160.98100.981010-32275.161.67281.672810-322295.160.95790.957910-33276.161.61911.619110-323296.160.93580.935810-34277.161.56741.567410-324297.160.91420.914210-35278.161.51881.518810-
2、325298.160.89370.893710-36279.161.47281.472810-326299.160.87370.873710-37280.161.42841.428410-327300.160.85450.854510-38281.161.38601.386010-328301.160.83600.836010-39282.161.34621.346210-329302.160.81800.818010-310283.161.30771.307710-330303.160.80070.800710-311284.161.27131.271310-331304.160.78400
3、.784010-312285.161.23631.236310-332305.160.76790.767910-313286.161.20281.202810-333306.160.75230.752310-314287.161.17091.170910-334307.160.73710.737110-315288.161.14041.140410-335308.160.72250.722510-316289.161.11111.111110-336309.160.70850.708510-317290.161.08281.082810-337310.160.69470.694710-3182
4、91.161.05591.055910-338311.160.68140.681410-319292.161.02991.029910-339312.160.66850.668510-320293.161.00501.005010-340313.160.65600.656010-3水的物理性质温度t/饱和蒸气压 p/kPa密度/kgm-3焓H/kJkg-1比定压热容cp/kJkg-1K-1导热系数/10-2Wm-1K-1粘度/10-5Pas体积膨胀系数/10-4K-1表面张力/10-3Nm-1普兰德数Pr00.6082999.904.21255.13179.210.6375.613.66101
5、.2262999.742.044.19757.45130.770.7074.19.52202.3346998.283.904.18359.89100.501.8272.67.01304.2474995.7125.694.17461.7680.073.2171.25.42407.3766992.2165.714.17463.3865.603.8769.64.325012.31988.1209.304.17464.7854.944.4967.73.546019.932983.2251.124.17865.9446.885.1166.22.987031.164977.8292.994.17866.7
6、640.615.7064.32.548047.379971.8334.944.19567.4535.656.3262.62.229070.136965.3376.984.20867.9831.656.9560.71.96100101.33958.4419.104.22068.0428.387.5258.81.76110143.31951.0461.344.23868.2725.898.0856.91.61120198.64943.1503.674.25068.5023.738.6454.81.47130270.25934.8546.384.26668.5021.779.1752.81.3614
7、0361.47926.1589.084.28768.2720.109.7250.71.26150476.24917.0632.204.31268.3818.6310.348.61.18160618.28907.4675.334.34668.2717.3610.746.61.11170792.59897.3719.294.37967.9216.2811.345.31.051801003.5886.9763.254.41767.4515.3011.942.31.001901255.6876.0807.634.46066.9914.4212.640.80.962001554.77863.0852.4
8、34.50566.2913.6313.338.40.932101917.72852.8897.654.55565.4813.0414.136.10.912202320.88840.3943.704.61464.5512.4614.833.80.892302798.59827.3990.184.68163.7311.9715.931.60.882403347.91813.61037.494.75662.8011.4716.829.10.872503977.67799.01085.644.84461.7610.9818.126.70.862604693.75784.01135.044.94960.
9、8410.5919.724.20.872705503.99767.91185.285.07059.9610.2021.621.90.882806417.24750.71236.285.22957.459.8123.719.50.892907443.29732.31289.955.48555.829.4226.217.20.933008592.94712.51344.805.73653.969.1229.214.70.973109877.96691.11402.166.07152.348.8332.912.31.0232011300.3667.11462.036.57350.598.5338.2
10、10.01.1133012879.6640.21526.197.24348.738.1443.37.821.2234014615.9610.11594.758.16445.717.7553.45.781.3835016538.5574.41671.379.50443.037.2666.83.891.6036018667.1528.01761.3913.98439.546.671092.062.3637021040.9450.51892.4340.31933.735.692640.486.80F3 Viscosity decreases with pressure (at temperature
11、s below 33C)Viscous flow occurs by molecules moving through the voids that exist between them. As the pressure increases, the volume decreases and the volume of these voids reduces, so normally increasing pressure increases the viscosity. Waters pressure-viscosity behavior 534 can be explained by th
12、e increased pressure (up to about 150 MPa) causing deformation, so reducing the strength of the hydrogen-bonded network, which is also partially responsible for the viscosity. This reduction in cohesivity more than compensates for the reduced void volume. It is thus a direct consequence of the balan
13、ce between hydrogen bonding effects and the van der Waals dispersion forces 558 in water; hydrogen bonding prevailing at lower temperatures and pressures. At higher pressures (and densities), the balance between hydrogen bonding effects and the van der Waals dispersion forces is tipped in favor of t
14、he dispersion forces and the remaining hydrogen bonds are stronger due to the closer proximity of the contributing oxygen atoms 655. Viscosity, then, increases with pressure. The dashed line (opposite) indicates the viscosity minima.The variation of viscosity with pressure and temperature has been used as evidence that the viscosity is determined more by the extent of hydrogen bonding rather than hydrogen bonding strength.Self-diffusion is also affected by pressure where (at low temperatures) both the translational and rotational motion of water anomalously increase as the pressure increases.
