1、 1 外文翻译 原文 Tax Planning Basics Material Source: A Author: William perez The goal of tax planning is to arrange your financial affairs so as to minimize your taxes. There are three basic ways to reduce your taxes, and each basic method might have several variations. You can reduce your income, increa
2、se your deductions, and take advantage of tax credits. Reducing Income Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) is a key element in determining your taxes. Lots of other things depend on your AGI (or modifications to your AGI)- such as your tax rate and various tax credits. AGI even impacts your financial life o
3、utside of taxes: banks, mortgage lenders, and college financial aid programs all routinely ask for your adjusted gross income. This is a key measure of your finances. Because your adjusted gross income is so important, you may want to begin your tax planning here. What goes into your adjusted gross
4、income? AGI is your income from all sources minus any adjustments to your income. The higher your total income, the higher your adjusted gross income. As you can guess, the more money you make, the more taxes you will pay. Conversely, the less money you make, the less taxes you will pay. The number
5、one way to reduce taxes is to reduce your income. And the best way to reduce your income is to contribute money to a 401(k) or similar retirement plan at work. Your contribution reduces your wages, and lowers your tax bill. You can also reduce your Adjusted Gross Income through various adjustments t
6、o income. Adjustments are deductions, but you dont have to itemize them on the Schedule A. Instead, you take them on page 1 of your 1040 and they reduce your Adjusted Gross Income. Adjustments include contributions to a traditional IRA, student loan interest paid, alimony paid, and classroom related
7、 expenses. A full list 2 of adjustments are found on Form 1040, page 1, lines 23 through 34. The best way to boost your adjustments is to contribute to a traditional IRA. As you can see, two of the best ways to reduce your taxes is to save for retirement, either through a 401(k) at work or through a
8、 traditional IRA plan. Contributions to these retirement plans will lower your taxable income, and lower your taxes. Increase Your Tax Deductions Taxable income is another key element in your overall tax situation. Taxable income is whats left over after you have reduced your AGI by your deductions
9、and exemptions. Almost everyone can take a standard deduction, and some people are able to itemize their deductions. Itemized deductions include expenses for health care, state and local taxes, personal property taxes (such as car registration fees), mortgage interest, gifts to charity, job-related
10、expenses, tax preparation fees, and investment-related expenses. One key tax planning strategy is to keep track of your itemized expenses throughout the year using a spreadsheet or personal finance program. You can then quickly compare your itemized expenses with your standard deduction. You should
11、always take the higher of your standard deduction or your itemized deduction. Your standard deduction and personal exemptions depends on your filing status and how many dependents you have. You can increase your standard deduction and personal exemptions by getting married or having more dependents.
12、 The best strategies for reducing your taxable income is to itemize your deductions, and the three biggest deductions are mortgage interest, state taxes, and gifts to charity. Take Advantage of Tax Credits Once weve tweaked our taxable income, we are ready to focus our attention on various tax credi
13、ts. Tax credits reduce your tax. There are tax credits for college expenses, for saving for retirement, and for adopting children. The best tax credits are for adoption and college expenses. Not everyone is in a position to adopt a child, but everyone could take some college classes. There are two e
14、ducation-related tax credits. The Hope Credit is for students in their first two 3 years of college. The Lifetime Learning Credit is for anyone taking college classes. The classes do not have to be related to your career. You may also want to avoid additional taxes. If at all possible, avoid early w
15、ithdrawals from an IRA or 401(k) retirement plan. The amount you withdraw will become part of your taxable income, and on top of that there will be additional taxes to pay on the early withdrawal. One of the best, and most abused, tax credit is the Earned Income Credit (EIC). Unlike other tax credit
16、s, the EIC is credited to your account as a payment. And that means the EIC often results in a tax refund even if the total tax has been reduced to zero. You may be eligible to claim the earned income credit if you earn less than a certain amount. Increase Your Withholding You can avoid owing at the
17、 end of the year by increasing your withholding. More money will be taken out of your paycheck throughout the year, but you will get bigger refund when you file your taxes. 译文 税收基本筹划 资料来源 : A 作者：威廉法勒斯 对税收筹划的目标是你的财务安排，以减少你的税。有三种基本的方法来减少你的税，而每一个基本的方法可能有多种变化。您可 以减少你的收入，增加您的扣除额，并采取税收抵免的优势。 减少收入 调整后总收入（
18、AGI）是决定你的税的关键因素。其他很多事情取决于你的AGI（或你的 AGI 修改），作为您的税率和各种税收抵免等。 AGI 甚至影响你的财务税收以外的生活：银行，抵押贷款和高校财务援助方案的所有定期询问您的调整后总收入。这是你的财政状况的关键措施。 因为你的调整后总收入是如此重要，你可能要在这里开始您的税务规划。那么进入调整后总收入是多少？ AGI 是你的收入减去所有来源的任何调整，你的收入。您的总收入越高，越高你的调整后总收入。正如 您可以猜到的，更多的钱，你做，你将支付更多4 的税收。反之，越少钱，你做，你会少付税款。排名第一的方式，以减少税收是减少你的收入。而最好的方法来减少你的收入是
19、出钱到 401（ k）或在工作中类似的退休计划。你的贡献减少你的工资，并降低你的税单。 您还可以通过各种调整降低调整后总收入收入。调整，扣除额，但你不必逐项列出他们的附表 A.相反，你把你的 1040 页 1 他们，他们调整后总收入减少。调整包括对传统的 IRA 供款，学生贷款支付利息，赡养费支付相关费用和 课堂。一个完整的调整名单上发现表格 1040，第 1 页， 23 行到 34。最好的方法来提高你的调整，是促进传统 IRA。 正如你可以看到，最好的方法来减少你的税二是为退休储蓄，通过在工作401（ k）或通过传统的 IRA 计划之一。这些退休计划的供款会降低你的应税收入，降低税收。 增加
20、您的税前扣除 应纳税所得额是另一个你的整体纳税情况的关键因素。应纳税所得额是什么遗留后减少了您的扣除和豁免的 AGI。几乎每个人都可以采取扣除标准，有的人能够逐项他们的推论。 分项扣除包括：医疗费，州和地方税，个人财产税（如汽车注册费），按揭利息，礼品给慈善机构，与工作有关的开支，税收准备费用和投资有关的开 支。一个关键的税收筹划策略是保持整个使用电子表格或个人财务计划年度开支逐项跟踪你的。 然后，您可以快速比较与扣除标准的分项开支。你应该始终以您的标准逐项扣减或扣除高。 您的扣除标准和个人豁免取决于你的报税身份和你有多少家属。您可以通过结婚或家属有更多的扣除标准和个人豁免。 为减少您的应纳税
21、所得额的最佳策略是详细列举您的扣除额，和三个最大的抵押贷款利息扣除，国家税收，以及慈善机构的礼物。 利用税收抵免的优势 一旦我们调整了我们的应纳税所得额，我们准备把重点放在各种税收抵免我们的注意。税收抵免降低纳税。有上大学 的费用税收抵免，为退休，并采用儿童储蓄。 最好是通过税收抵免和大学的费用。并非每个人都是有能力收养一个孩子，但每个人都可以采取一些大学课程。有两个与教育有关的税收抵免。人们希望在他们的信用是前两年大学的学生。在终身学习的信用是任何人采取大专班。本类没有可能与你的事业。 您可能还希望避免额外的税收。如果有可能，避免从一个 IRA 或 401（ k）退休计划提前支取。你收回的金额将成为您的应税收入的一部分，并在最重要5 的是将有更多的税收来支付提前支取。 最好的，也是最被滥用的一个，税收信用是劳动收入信贷（ EIC）。不像其他的税收抵免，在 EIC 记入您的帐户付款。这意味着在一个退税 EIC 往往即使税收总额已经降低到零的结果。您可能有资格要求的信用赚取收入，如果你赚超过一定金额。 增加您的代扣代缴 您可以避免在年底由于增加您的扣缴。将采取更多的钱从你的薪水在整个一年，但你会得到更大的退款时，文件中的税收。
