1、六级模拟试题及答案 008Part I Writing (30 minutes) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡 1 上。 Directions：For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Psychological Problems among College Students. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline given below: 1. 目前很多大学生
2、存在着较严重的心理问题 2. 造成这些心理问题的原因 3. 应该采取什么措施来解决这些问题 Part II Reading (skimming and scanning) (15 minutes) Directions：In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For question 17,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）,B）,C）
3、,and D）.For questions 810,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Main Energies for the Body A balanced diet is one that provides an adequate intake of energy and nutrients for maintenance of the body and therefore good health. A diet can easily be adequate for normal bodil
4、y functioning, yet may not be a balanced diet. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are a rapid source of energy, they are the bodys fuel. The bulk of a balanced diet should be made from carbohydrates. If eaten in an excess of the dietary requirements carbohydrates are easily stored as fats in the cells, alt
5、hough carbohydrate is the first source of energy in the body. An average adult requires about 12,000kJ of energy a day, most of this is supplied by the respiration of carbohydrates in the cells. Part III Listening Comprehension (35mins) Section A Directions: In part A, you will hear short conversati
6、ons between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. The questions and the questions will not be repeated. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number
7、of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. 11. (A) She doesnt want to waste her film. (B) She already took a picture of the mountains. (C) She doesnt have any more film. (D) She doesnt know how to use the camera. 12. (A) he didnt know what hos
8、pital Bill was in (B)he took Bill to the hospital. (C)Hes sorry the woman hurt herself. (D) He forgot to call the woman. 13. (A) Borrow her book. (B) Check the classroom again. (C) Buy a new book. (D) Ask about the book at the information desk. 14. (A) Spend more time working on calculus problems. (
9、B) Talk to an advisor about dropping the course. (C) Work on the assignment with a classmate. (D) Ask the graduate assistant for help. 15 .(A) He has already finished his report. (B) He hasnt chosen a topic for his report. (C) The womans report is already long enough. (D) The woman will have time to
10、 finish her 16. (A) Stay in the dormitory. (B) Find out the cost of living in the dormitory. (C) Ask for a reduction in her rent. (D) Move into an apartment with a roommate. 17. (A) Theyre extremely noisy. (B) They should have arrived by now. (C)They should be allowed to fly there. (D)Theyre not on
11、a definite schedule. 18. (A) He already has plans for Saturday night. (B) The woman should decide where to cat Saturday. (C) The woman should ask her brother for a suggestion. (D) He will make a reservation at the restaurant. Long conversations Conversation I 19 (A) Shes writing research papers (B)
12、Shes working on a conservation project (C) Shes studying for exams (D) Shes doing her biology homework 20 (A) She doesnt know which topic to choose (B) Her assignments are due on the same day (C) Shes concerned about the spotted owl (D) She dislikes her economics class 21 (A)A scarcity of jobs in th
13、eir field (B)Inadequate training in methods of biological research (C)Difficulties in classifying all of the varieties of owls (D)A lack of funding for their work with endangered species 22 (A)It has numerous traits in common with the spotted owl (B)Its population is increasing (C)It may not survive
14、 without special efforts of conservationists (D)Its role in the chain of evolution has not yet been examined Conversation II 23. (A) Theyre classmates. (B) Theyre roommates. (C) Theyre cousins. (D) Theyre lab partners. 24. (A) He couldnt decide on a topic for his paper. (B) He thought his paper was
15、late. (C) He hadnt heard from his family in a while. (D) He thought the woman had been ill. 25. (A) To find their way back to the nest. (B) To locate plant fibers. (C) To identify kinds of honey. (D) To identify relatives. Section B Passage comprehension Directions: In this section, you will hear 3
16、short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with
17、a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. (A) Watch a slide show about trees. (B) Learn how to prevent Dutch elm disease. (C) Study the history of the campus buildings and grounds. (D) Look at examples of trees on campus. 27. (
18、A) History. (B) Physical education. (C) Botany. (D) Architecture. 28. (A) Its leaves are yellow. (B) Its leaves are lopsided. (C) It is very tall. (D) It is not an angiosperm. 29. (A) It has grown too tall for its designated space. (B) It may be diseased. (C) Its branches are being broken off. (D) I
19、t no longer hears from. Passage Two 30. (A) Jeffersons views about commercialized agriculture. (B) International trade in the nineteenth century (C) Improvements in farm machinery in the United States. (D) Farmers loss of independence 31. (A) Crop production became increasingly specialized. (B) Econ
20、omic depressions lowered the prices of farm products. (C) New banking laws made it easy to buy farmland. (D) The United States increased its agricultural imports. 32. (A) Prices for farm products rose. (B) Farmers became more dependent on loans from banks. (C)Jefferson established government program
21、s to assist farmers. (D) Farmers relied less on foreign markets. Passage three 33. (A) In place of physical therapy. (B) To control brain seizures. (C) To prevent heat disease. (D) To relieve tension. 34 (A) They like to have music in the operating room. (B) They solved problems better while listeni
22、ng to music they liked. (C) They preferred classical music. (D) They performed better when they used headphones. 35.(A) It increased the students while blood cell count. (B) It increased some students energy level. (C) It improved the students ability to play musical instruments. (D) It released a n
23、atural painkiller in some students bodies. Section C Compound Dictation Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to f
24、ill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally,
25、 when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Sleep is part of a persons daily 36 cycle. There are several different stages of sleep and they 37 in cycles, If you are an 38 sleeper, your sleep cycle is as follows. When you first drift off into slumber, your ey
26、es will roll about a bit, your 39 will drop slightly, your 40 will relax, and your 41 will slow and become quite regular. Your brain waves slow down a bit too with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves 42 for the first few minutes. This is called stage 1 sleep. For the next half hour or so as you re
27、lax more and more you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleeps. The lower your stage of sleep the slower your brain waves will be. Then about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose 43 you will have reached the deepest sleep of all. 44 .This is stage 4 sleep. You do not remain at this deep fourth
28、stage all night long, but instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber, your brain activity level will increase again slightly. The delta rhythm will disappear to be replaced by the activity pattern of brain waves. 45 _ _ This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some to 15 minutes and is
29、called REM sleep. It is during REM sleep that most dreams seem to occur_46_ _. .You will slip gently back from stage I to 4. Carbohydrates are used principally as a respiratory substrates, i.e. to be oxidized to release energy for active transport, macromolecule synthesis, cell division and muscle c
30、ontraction. Carbohydrates are digested in the duodenum and ileum and absorbed as glucose into cells. Sources of carbohydrates such as starch are rice, potatoes, wheat and other cereals. Sugars are also carbohydrates, sources of sugars are refined sugar - sucrose, which is a food sweetener and preser
31、vative and fruit sugars - fructose. If the diet lacks carbohydrate stores of fat are mobilized and used as an energy source. Proteins Protein is not a direct source of energy in the body, it is used primarily for growth and repair of body tissues while remaining an energy source as a last resort. Pr
32、oteins fulfill a wide variety of roles in the body. They are broken down in the stomach and intestines to amino acids which are then absorbed. The body can only form 8 amino acids to build proteins from, the diet must provide Essential Amino Acids (EAAs) which are synthesized into proteins which can
33、 be structural, i.e. collagen in bone, keratin in hair, myosin and actin in muscle; metabolic enzymes, hemoglobin, protective antibodies and communicative hormones. Sources of protein include meat, fish, eggs and pulses. The diet needs to provide 8 EAAs as the body is unable to synthesis proteins wi
34、thout these molecules. 2 other amino acids are synthesized from EAAs so if the diet lacks the original EAAs these other two will not be present either. Phenylalanine is converted to tyrosine and methionine is converted to cysteine. Cells draw upon a pool of amino acids for protein synthesis which ei
35、ther come from dietary protein digested and absorbed in the gut and the breakdown of body protein such as muscle. However, unlike fats and carbohydrates there is no store of amino acids for cells to draw on, any amino acid in excess of immediate bodily requirements is broken down into urea and excre
36、ted. It is therefore important to maintain the dietary intake of protein everyday. If the body lacks protein, muscle wasting occurs as muscle is broken down. If protein is lacked in a diet a person develops kwashiorkor which is caused when high levels of carbohydrates are eaten to overcome the lack
37、of protein in the diet. One symptom of kwashiorkor is the abnormal collection of fluid around the abdomen due to the lack of protein in the blood. The body cannot retain water by osmosis and fluid accumulates in tissues causing them to become waterlogged. Vitamin Categories Vitamins cannot be synthe
38、sized by the body so must be supplied by diet. Vitamins have no common structure or function but are essential in small amounts for the body to be able to utilize other dietary components efficiently. Vitamins fall into two categories, fat soluble vitamins such as vitamin A, D, E and K which are ing
39、ested with fatty foods and water soluble vitamins such as the B group vitamins and vitamin C. Vitamins are known as micronutrients because only small quantities are required for a healthy diet, in fact fat soluble vitamins can be toxic in high concentrations, for example the body stores vitamin A, o
40、r retinol, in the liver as it is toxic if kept in high concentrations in the blood stream, a dose of more than 3300mg of vitamin A can be considered toxic. Water soluble vitamins such as vitamin C and B groups vitamins can be excreted in the urine if in excess in the diet. Vitamins A Vitamin A is es
41、sential to the proper functioning of the retina in the eye and the epithelial tissues. A lack of vitamin A results in dry, rough skin, inflammation of the eyes, a drying or scarring of the cornea - xerophthalmia, which occurs when the secretion of lubricating tears is stopped, the eyelids become swo
42、llen and sticky with pus. Mucous surfaces of the eye may become eroded allowing infection to set in, leading to ulceration and destruction of the cornea. Night blindness - an inability to see in dim light can also occur. Rod cells in the retina of the eye detect light of low intensity, they convert
43、vitamin A into a pigment, rhodopsin, which is bleached when light enters the eye. Rod cells resynthesis rhodopsin, but if there is a deficiency of the vitamin, rod cells can no longer function and the result is night blindness. Epithelial cells use retinol to make retinoic acid, an intracellular mes
44、senger used in cell differentiation and growth. Without retinoic acid epithelial cells are not maintained properly and the body becomes susceptible to infections, particularly measles and infections of the respiratory system and gut. Xenophthalmia is common among children whos diets consist of mainl
45、y cereals with little meat or fresh vegetables, this is common in Indonesia, Bangladesh, India and the Philippines. Vitamins D Vitamin D, or calciferol, is another fat soluble steroid vitamin which functions to stimulate calcium uptake from the gut and its deposition in bone. vitamin D acts as a hor
46、mone when converted by enzymes in the gut and liver into an active form of “active vitamin D“, which stimulates epithelial cells in the intestine to absorb calcium. vitamin D is therefore essential in growing childrens diets to enable the growth of strong bones. Without adequate amounts of vitamin D
47、 children can develop rickets, which is the deformation of the legs caused when they lack calcium to strengthen the bones. In adults a lack of vitamin D in the diet can lead to osteomalacia, a progressive softening of the bones which can make them highly susceptible to fracture. Vitamin D is made by
48、 the body when exposed to sunlight and is stored in the muscles, however, if the skin is rarely exposed to the sunlight or is dark little vitamin D is produced. Foods such as eggs and oily fish are all rich in vitamin D. Vitamins K Vitamin K, phylloquinone, is found in dark green leafy vegetables su
49、ch as spinach and kale. It is a fat soluble vitamin which is involved in the clotting process of blood. In the intestines bacteria synthesize a number of important clotting factors which need vitamin K. Without vitamin K cuts can fail to heal and internal bleeding can occur. Vitamins C Vitamin C is a water soluble vitamin, known chemically as ascorbic acid. It is found in citrus fruits such as oranges and lemons, and also in potatoes and tomatoes. The main function of vitamin C is the f
