1、学而思教育学习改变命运 思考成就未来！ 高考网 17高考代词考点大盘点主讲教师： 陶安光 2008-8-17 一、高考代词考点扫描代词是英语语法结构中的重要一环,也是高考测试的重点内容之一。纵观历年高考试题,出现频率最高的是不定代词,其次是 it 用法、疑问代词、反身代词以及人称代词等。本文结合高考试题,对不定代词的易考点进行归纳,以帮助同学们更好地掌握这一语法现象。 考点 1. 名词替代词 it, one, ones, that, those 的区别 one 和 ones 用来代替前面提到过的可数名词,one 指代单数,ones 指代复数,所替代的是同名异物,表示泛指,可有前置定语或后置定语
2、,也可单独使用。特指时必须加定冠词 the。 that 用来代替前面提到过的单数可数名词或不可数名词,不能和冠词连用,其后常有修饰语。代替可数名词的复数时,用代词 those。 更多解释：1. it 和 that 都替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数) ”，都是特指，但 it 指前面提到的 “同一”事物，而 that 是指前面提到的“同类”事物。1)The Parkers bought a new house but _will need a lot of 学而思教育学习改变命运 思考成就未来！ 高考网 17work before they can move in. A. they B. i
3、t C. oneD. which2） Few pleasures can equal _of a cool drink on a hot day. A. some B. anyC. that D. those3)Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. those4） We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _ from some wood
4、we had. A. it B. one C. himself D. another2. one 替代“a单数可数名词” ，表示泛指。特指的 the one 相当于 that；the one 复数形式 the ones，在口语中也常用 those 代替；当后面有 of 短语时，一般用 that 或those，当有前置修饰语时，只能用 one(s)，如 the red one。one(s), the one(s), those, that 都是替代“同类”事物，其中只有 that 可替代不可数名词。5)Weve been looking at houses but havent found _w
5、e like yet.A. one B. ones C. it D. them6)We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made 学而思教育学习改变命运 思考成就未来！ 高考网 17_ from some wood we had. A. it B. one C. himself D. another7) Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _I will always treasure. A. that B. one C. it D
6、. what考点 2. all, both, either, neither, each, every, none 的用法比较 both, either 和 neither 都表示两者,可作主语、宾语和定语。both 还可作同位语。neither 表示两者否定;either 表示两者中任何一个,强调个体;both 表示“两者都“。all 和 none 表示三者或三者以上。all 表示全部肯定,而 none表示全部否定。all 可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语;none 可作主语、宾语和同位语,但不能作定语。all 作主语时,指人时看作复数,指事物时看作单数;none 作主语,看作单复数皆可。
7、both, all, each, none 作主语同位语时,通常放在行为动词的前面,be 动词、助动词和情态动词的后面。all 和both 与 not 连用表示部分否定。 【原题再现】 !) I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but _ of them came. 学而思教育学习改变命运 思考成就未来！ 高考网 17A. neither B. either C. none D. both2) I had to buy _ these books because I didnt know which one was the best. A. both B. n
8、one C. neither D. all 3)-Do you want tea or coffee? -_. I really dont mind. A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither 4) If you cant decide which of the two books to borrow, why dont you take _? I wont read them this week. A. all B. anyC. either D. both5) Of all the books on the desk, _ is of any use for
9、 our study. A. nothing B. no oneC. neither D. none6) Mr Alcott, headmaster of the school, refused to accept_ of the three suggestions made by the Students Union. A. either B. neither C. anyD. none7) They were all very tired, but _of them would stop to take a rest. A. anyB. some C. none D. neither8)
10、Canada is larger than _ country in Asia. A. any B. any other C. other D. another学而思教育学习改变命运 思考成就未来！ 高考网 179) _ of the boys has got a pencil and some paper. A. All B. Every C. Everyone D. Each10) These plants are watered _. A. each other day B. every other day C. each of two daysD. every of two days考
11、点 3. other, the other, another, others 的用法比较 指代单数时,若是泛指,用 another;若是特指,则用 the other。 指代复数时,若是泛指,用 other 修饰名词的复数形式;若是特指,用 the other 修饰名词的复数形式。 others 不能作定语, 表示复数意义,相当于“other+复数名词“;the others 相当于“the other+复数名词“。 another 一般表示单数,其后接可数名词的单数形式。但若其后有数词或 few 时,则可接复数名词。 【原题再现】 1) One of the sides of the boa
12、rd should be painted yellow, and _. A. the other is white B. another white C. the other white D. another is white 2) I have done much of the work. Could you please finish 学而思教育学习改变命运 思考成就未来！ 高考网 17_in two days? A. the rest B. the other C. another D. the others 考点 4. some, any 及其相应复合不定代词的辨析 some 多用于肯
13、定句,any 多用于否定句、疑问句。在下列情况下常用 some: 1) some 后接单数可数名词,意为“ 某一 “时,相当于“a certain + 单数可数名词“。 2) 在表示请求或邀请的句子中,当期望对方给予一个肯定的答复时,通常用 some,不用 any。 在下列肯定句中常用 any: 1) 用于陈述句或祈使句中,意为“ 任何;无论哪一个“,后接可数名词单数形式。如: Any book will do-I just want something to read on the train. 2) 用于肯定的条件句中,意为“什么;一个(些)“;if any 是固定词组,意为“若有的话 “
14、。如: He asked me if I had any books in my desk. some, any, every 常与-one, -body, -thing 构成复合不定代词,其基本用法与 some, any, every 用法相当。 【原题再现】 1)-When shall we meet again? 学而思教育学习改变命运 思考成就未来！ 高考网 17-Make it _ day you like; its all the same to me. A. one B. anyC. another D. some2) I agree with most of what you
15、said, but I dont agree with _. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing3) I fee a bit hungry. Why dont you have _bread? A. anyB. some C. little D. a考点 5. 人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语1) My grandma still treats me like a child. She cant imagine _ grown up. A. my B. mine C. myself D. me2) Cath
16、erine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting, addressed _ to_ and then posted it at the nearby post office.A. it; her B. it; herself C. herself; her D. herself; herself3) Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard. Why_? John is sitting there doing nothing. 学而思教育学习改变命运 思考成就未来！ 高考网 17A
17、. him B. he C. I D. me提示：下列情况也用宾格：在 be 后作表语。Who is it? Its me. 谁？是我呀。在单独使用或带 not 的简略回答中。如：Who broke the cup? 谁打破了杯子？Me! (Not me!)我！( 不是我！) I like swimming. 我喜欢游泳。Me too. 我也是。在感叹疑问句中做主语，以引起强调。如：You can tell him. 你可以告诉他。Me tell him? Not likely！我告诉他？不可能！在下列之类的祈使句中：Hes got to repay the moneypoor him.他得偿
18、还这笔钱可怜的他呀！考点 6. 名词性和形容词性物主代词的用法形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语，名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词名词” ，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或与 of 连用作后置定语，但不能作定语。学而思教育学习改变命运 思考成就未来！ 高考网 17Some of the stamps belong to me, while the rest are _. A. him and her B. his and hers C. his and her D. him and hers7.反身代词的用法反身代词在句中可以作 enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introdu
19、ce 等动词和 by, for, to 等介词的宾语，还可以作主语或宾语的同位语，可译作“亲自，本人” ，但不能作主语。1） Who called me this morning when I was out? A man calling _ Robert. A. him B. himself C. his D.不填2） You will find as you read fiats book that you just cant keep some of these stones to _. You will want to share them with a friend.A. itsel
20、f B. yourself C. himself D. themselves 考点 8 指示代词的用法学而思教育学习改变命运 思考成就未来！ 高考网 17指示词有 this, that, these, those 等。注意以下 4 点：(1) this, these 是时间或空间上的 “近指” ，可与 here 连用；that, those 是时间或空间上的“远指” ，可与 there 连用。(2) 指上文提到的事一般用 that，有时也用 this，指下文的事只能用 this。(3) 打电话时，用 this 来介绍自己，用 that 来问对方，不用I 或 you。(4) this 和 tha
21、t 还可表示程度，意为“ 如此，那么” ，相当于so，作状语。考题1） He was nearly drowned once. When was _?_was in 1998 when he was in middle school. A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This2） Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasnt always _ much to do. A. such B. that C. more D. very考点 9 (a) little, (a) few, a bit 的用法辨析a little 和 little 修饰或代替不可数名词，与 much 相对，表
