3.4 等差数列与等比数列的综合问题知识梳理(一)等差、等比数列的性质1.等差数列an的性质(1)am=ak+(mk)d,d=.(2)若数列an是公差为d的等差数列,则数列an+b(、b为常数)是公差为d的等差数列;若bn也是公差为d的等差数列,则1an+2bn(1、2为常数)也是等差数列且公差为1d+2d.(3)下标成等差数列且公差为m的项ak,ak+m,ak+2m,组成的数列仍为等差数列,公差为md.(4)若m、n、l、kN*,且m+n=k+l,则am+an=ak+al,反之不成立.(5)设A=a1+a2+a3+an,B=an+1+an+2+an+3+a2n,C=a2n+1+a2n+2+a2n+3+a3n,则A、B、C成等差数列.(6)若数列an的项数为2n(nN*),则S偶S奇=nd,=,S2n=n(an+an+1)(an、an+1为中间两项);若数列an的项数为2n1(nN*),则S奇S偶=an,=,S2n1=(2n1)an(an为中间项).2.