1、1Unit 2 Growing Pains定语从句（2）- 定语从句中关系副词的用法Learning Content : Learn Attributive Clauses - Relative adverbs: where, when, whyLearning Aims: Learn how to use relative adverbs in attributive clausesLearning difficult and important points:The difference between relative adverbs and relative pronounsPerio
2、d：One自主学习过程关系副词是联系先行词和定语从句的词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where 和 why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下：1. 表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句，when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.Ill never forget the day when I joined the army.2. 表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句，where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。例句：The fact
3、ory where his father works is in the west of the city.This is the house where I lived two years ago.3. 表原因的名词 reason + why + 定语从句(why 只用于 reason 之后的限制性定语从句中, 在定语从句中作原因状语。)例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中 why 可以省略)上句也可以这样表示： That is the reason I did the job.关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：
4、1） “when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词 reason 在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子：*I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.*I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.*This is the hospital _ my mother works.*This is the hospital _ we visit
5、ed the day before yesterday.知识小结 （判断定语从句引导词的方法）方法一：不及物动词则要求用关系副词 when, where, why,从句中的谓语为及物动词且后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；方法二： 先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose);先行词在从句中做状语时选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语)2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词 + which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如：Do you still r
6、emember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which=when)This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where)2Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Marys birthday party. (for which=why)3) 有时关系副词“when” 、 “where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，是为了平衡句子的语法需要。Do you remember one after
7、noon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used “foreign oil.”.Homework1、 Fill the blanks with proper relative words. (SB P96 C1)2、 Correct the mistakes in each sentence. (SB P96 C2)专项训练1 This is the place_ John was
8、born?Awhich Bwhere C. when Dthat2. He is the only person _ I want to talk to.A. that B. which C. who D. whose 3 Is this problem _the teacher explained last week?A the one Bthat Cwhich Done4 The high building _ stand four policemen is the police stationAwhich Bthat Cin front of it D. in front of whic
9、h5 My mother will give Mary a model plane_ she will like to playAwhich Bthat Cfor which Dwith which6 The film brought the hours back to me_ I was taken good care of in that far away village.A until Bthat C when Dwhere7 There are times_ I wonder why I do this job Aas Bwhile Cwhich Dwhen8 After living
10、 in London for thirty years，Mr Smith returned to the small town_ he grew up as a child Awhich Bwhere C that Dwhen9 They had a long talk about the persons and things_ they both knewAwhom B what C. that Dwhich10 That is the very book_ I am looking for.A that Bwhich Cwhat Das1B. 先行词是地点，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。2.
11、 A. 先行词被 the only, the very, the last 等修饰时，关系代词常用 that。 3A. 缺少先行词，故选 A, 作宾语的关系代词省略。4D介词+关系代词引导定语从句。 5D. play with 是一个固定结构，故选 with which。6C先行词为时间名词 hours，在定语从句中作状语。7D先行词为时间名词 times，在定语从句中作状语。8B先行词为地点名词，在定语从句从中作状语。9C先行词包含人和物，关系代词只能用 that。10A. 先行词被 the very 修饰，关系代词只能用 that。3巩固提升1 Who is the scientist_
12、is going to give us a talk on space this Sunday?Athat Bwho C. which Dwhom2 I dont like the way_ you speak to your teacher A Bin that C. which Dof which3 Could you tell me when to get the book_ I want to read?Awhat Bwho C Dit4 The days_ we spent in Tokyo together will never be forgotten.A. when Bwhic
13、h Cwho Don which5 A pen friend of mine_ I often receive letters asked me for some Chinese coins.Awho Bwhom Cto who Dfrom whom6. Dont forget the day_ you were admitted to Beijing University.Awhen Bthat Cat which D. where7 Perhaps this is the only shop_ you can get such cheap goods.A. that Bof which C
14、by which Dwhere8 I can still remember the place_ my brother and I used to sit in the evening.A which Bwhat C .that Dwhere 9 _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.A. Which B. When C. What D. As10 All _ is needed is a supply of oil.A. the thing B. what C. that D. which11 He was s
15、eriously ill when he was a child, _ made him lose his sight.A. as B. that C. which D. it 12 In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ he could turn for help.A. that B. to whom C. who D. from whom 13 He told the same story _ I told.A. that B. which C. as D. it14 The best work is that _ Tom ha
16、s done.A. it B. which C. when D. where15. The first thing _ we should do is to water the flowers in front of the room.A. which B. as C. what D. that 16. Any girls _ knew him were teachers.A. where B. that C. they D. whom 17. The house fell and hurt a woman and her dog _ were just passing by.A. which
17、 B. as C. that D. who18 That is the hotel _ we stayed last year.A. in that B. in which C. why D. at which19. This is the reason _ we made Mr Li headmaster of our school.A. where B. when C. before D. why20. The student who does well in his lesson is the monitor _ is very modest and studies hard.A. wh
18、o B. that C. as D. which4答案与简析： 11A. Who 引导的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句关系代词只能用 that , 以免重复。12A. way 为先行词时，关系代词用 that 或 in which 或不填。13C 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，指物，可以用 that 或 which 或不填。14B spent 是及物动词，关系代词 which 作其宾语。15D receive a letter from sb收到某人的来信，先行词为人，故选 from whom。 16A. 先行词为时间，在定语从句中作状语,表示何时进入北大。 17 D.先行词为地点，在定语从句中作状语
19、。18. D.先行词为地点，在定语从句中作状语。19. D. As 引导的定语从句在句中的位置比较灵活，可置于句首，亦可置于句中，亦可置于句尾。as 常作宾语或构成 as 加 be 动词加过去分词的结构，或构成 as 加 be 动词加表语的结构。as 引导的定语从句在句中修饰的是整个句子。20. C. 在定语从句中，当先行词为 all, anything, nothing, everything, little, much 等不定代词时，关系代词用 that, 而不用 which。21. C. which 引导非限制性定语从句并指代前面的主句。Which 的这种用法和 as 有区别，which
20、 常用作行为动词的主语且由它引导的定语从句只能置于句尾。22.B. 介词加关系代词的用法，“turn to sb for help”为固定结构。23.C. 先行词由 same 或 such 修饰时，关系代词用 as。24.B. 先行词为 that 时，关系代词用 which。25.D. 当先行词由序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时，关系代词用 that。26.B. 当先行词被 any, all, no 等修饰时，关系代词用 that。27.C. 当先行词包括人和物时，关系代词用 that。28.D. 介词加关系代词的用法，介词的选用应根据从句谓语动词和先行词的搭配来决定。29.D. 在 reason
21、 后的限制性定语从句（一般没有非限制性定语从句）可由 why 引导。在现代英语里why 也可省略。30.B. 一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词用 who，另一个宜用 that。1. I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the country with the farmers, _ has a great effect on my life.A. that; which B. when; which C. which; that D. when; it2. The days _ we were together without a
22、ny worries are gone and Ill always remember the days _ we spent together.A. which; that B. when; when C. when; that D. which; when3. We are living in an age many things are done on computer. A. which B. that Cwhose D. when4. Todays Sichuan has become a representative of the west development, a place
23、 _ hopes and opportunities have replaced poverty and backwardness.A. which B. that C. where D. there5. I went to see you at about ten this morning, but you were not in the office. Oh, that was probably _ I was talking with the headmaster.A. when B. why C. what D. that6. Some preA. why B. where C. what D. how1 5 BCDcA 6 10 DCBAC
