1、课堂探究1Her research showed the connections between chimps and human beings.她的研究显示出黑猩猩和人类之间的联系。考点 human being 人I am a human being.I can stand on my own feet.我是一个人。我能双脚站立。In the story human beings were replaced by robots.在那个故事中，人类被机器人所取代。归纳：human being 是可数名词，表示“人 ”时，可以用 human being 的复数形式，也可用“a/thehuman
2、being”来表示。考点延伸 human being，mankind ，man 的不同用法：human being 表示“人”时，是可数名词，有单复数之分。其意义比较具体，一般用来区别人以外的事物，特别是动物或者是“神” “鬼”之类。如：Without the light and warmth of the sun，there would be neither plants nor animals nor human beings.没有太阳的光和热，就不可能有植物、动物，也不可能有人类。mankind 前不可加任何限定词，但可用形容词修饰。它是集合名词，可作单数或复数使用。作单数概念时，谓语要
3、用单数，其相应的代词一般为 it， its，itself(也可用 he，him，his，himself)；作复数概念时，谓语要用复数。如：Mankind is much cleverer than it was one thousand years ago.人类比一千年前聪明多了。All progressive mankind love peace.所有进步人类都热爱和平。man 一般以单数形式出现(现在也有人以复数 men)表示“人类”，其前不能加任何限定词，其相应的代词应是he， him，his，himself。如：The changes between the states have b
4、een used by man to work for him since ancient times.自古以来，人类就利用这两种状态的变化为自己服务。单项填空1)You have to learn how to be a _ first，and then to be a student.Ahuman being Bpeople Cperson Dman完成句子，每空一词2)这是一项造福人类的发明。This is an invention that _ _ _.答案：1)A 2)benefits human beings2Jody Williams helped found an intern
5、ational campaign to stop the making of landmines.乔迪威廉斯帮助组织了一次禁止制造地雷的国际运动。剖析：句子中的动词不定式短语 to stop the making of landmines作目的状语。Luckily，research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.幸运的是，研究表明你可以做许多事情来避免那些时刻。考点 campaign n运动；战役The green campaign is now a global phenomenon.绿色运动现在是一种全球性的现
6、象。He asked for a campaign against the enemy.他要求发动反攻敌人的战斗。归纳：campaign 作名词时是 可数名词。考点延伸 1)campaign vi. 作战；参加运动The union leaders are campaigning for better working conditions.工会领导人正在为争取改善工作条件而发起运动。They were campaigning against the slave owners.他们正在进行对抗奴隶主的斗争。归纳：campaign for/against sb/sth 的含义是“参加运动，领导运动
7、” 。2)辨析 campaign 与 movement：campaign 指为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动。movement 常特指历史上的一些重要运动。She took part in a campaign against smoking.她参加了一场反吸烟运动。The May Fourth Movement is an important historic event for the Chinese people.“五四运动”对中华民族来说是一次重要的历史事件。单项填空1)It is obvious that this antismoking _ is mainly ai
8、med at young teenagers.Acampaign Bwar Cbattle Dfighting单句改错2)In 1930，campaign broke out in his homeland and his father died in it._3)He loved his city so much that he decided to campaign against it._答案：1)A 2) 在 campaign 前加 a 3)againstfor3Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and h
9、elped people understand how much they behave like humans.简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么的相似。剖析：本句采用现在完成时态表示简的研究对现在所造成的影响和结果。考点 behave vi.& vt.举动；(举止或行为)表现She has been behaving rather oddly recently.她近来表现得很古怪。The teacher encouraged the children to behave well and not to be a discredit to the col
10、lective.老师鼓励孩子们要表现得好一些，不要给集体丢脸。考点延伸 1)behave oneself 规矩点，举止要得体Behave yourself!规矩点！I told them to behave themselves.我告诉他们要举止得体。2)派生词：behavio(u)r n举止；行为；表现be on ones best behavio(u)r 尽量表现得体You should be on your best behavio(u)r.你应该尽量表现得体。3)同根词：misbehave v行为不端misbehavio(u)r n不良行为单项填空1)Paul，_ yourself!
11、Have you already forgotten the rules I told you?Aobserve Bbehave Cconsider Dentertain2) Children who _ well will be given a red flower and an apple as encouragement.Abehave Bprove Cshow Dlook完成句子3)She _(昨天表现出巨大的勇气)4)You should _(学会举止得体)答案：1)B 2)A 3)behaved great courage yesterday 4)learn to behave y
12、ourself/yourselves4Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.我们当天的第一件任务就是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。剖析：1)动词ing 短语 Watching a family of chimps wake up 在句中作主语，其后的谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。考点延伸 动词ing 形式在句中起名词的作用，可以充当主语、表语、宾语( 动词的宾语或介词的宾语)。它可以有自己的定语、宾语或状语。动词ing 形式和不定式都可以作主语。不定式作主语表示具体的动作，动词ing 形式作主语则可
13、以表示抽象或一般性的动作或情况。如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.我们骑自行车到那儿要花费半个小时。Learning English needs patience and practice.学习英语需要耐心和练习。Reading and writing are very useful in English learning.阅读和写作在英语学习中非常有用。归纳：如果两个动名词并列作主语，且分别代表不同的意思，则谓语动词用复数。2)不带 to 的不定式短语 wake up 作 Watching 的宾语 a family of chi
14、mps 的补足语。考点延伸 接不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语的动词还有一些，可以借助下面的口诀来记忆：一感二听三让五看半帮助。 “一感”指 feel；“ 二听”指 hear 和 listen to；“三让”指 let，make 和have；“五看”指 see，look at，notice，watch 和 observe；“半帮助”指 help 后面可以接带 to 的不定式也可以接不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语。单项填空1)Listening to loud music at rock concerts _ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.Ais
15、Bare Chas Dhave2)_ well in an interview will be an important part of getting a place at university.ADo BDoing CDone DBeing done3)Mr.Li wants to watch Tom _ in the coming gettogether.Adance Bdancing Cto dance Ddances 翻译句子4)学好一门外语不容易。(用动词ing 形式作主语)_答案：1)C 2)B 3)A 4)Learning a foreign language well is
16、not easy.5Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off.大家坐在树荫下等待着，这时候猩猩们睡醒了，准备离开。剖析：本句中的 while 引导时间状语从句。此外，while 还可以引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管” ；也可作并列连词，意为“而” ，使前后形成对比。While she was listening to the radio，she fell asleep.她在听收音机的时候睡着了。While the teacher is
17、over 50 years old，he is full of energy.虽然这位教师已年逾半百，但是他精力充沛。Some people waste food while others havent enough.有些人浪费食物，而有些人却吃不饱。考点一 shade n. 荫；阴凉处He slept in the shade of the trees.他在树荫下睡觉。There was no shade to be found in the desert.在沙漠中见不到一点背阴处。归纳：shade 是不可数名词。考点延伸 1)shade vt. 遮住光线Tom put his hands
18、over his eyes to shade the bright sun.汤姆把手放到眼睛上方以遮住明亮的阳光。2)派生词：shady adj. 阴凉的；不可靠的3)辨析 shade 与 shadow：shade 指任何遮住阳光的地方，指的是一个立体空间。shadow指因挡住光线而形成的阴影，指的是一个平面。Lets find a table in the shade.让我们在阴凉处找一张桌子吧。What you see is only the shadow of the cat.你看到的只不过是那只猫的影子。考点二 move off 离开；起程；出发The conductor blew h
19、is whistle and the train slowly moved off.列车员吹响了哨子，火车徐徐离开。When will the athletes who will take part in the Olympics move off?参加奥运会的运动员何时起程？I wanted to move off early in order to avoid the traffic.我想早点出发以避开交通拥堵。单项填空1)_ volleyball is her main focus，shes also great at basketball.ASince BOnce CUnless DW
20、hile2)He could find no _ to stand in while waiting.Ashadow Bdark Cdarkness Dshade翻译句子3)他昨晚没有向我道别就离开了。_答案：1)D 2)D3)Last night he moved off without saying goodbye to me.6However，the evening makes it all worthwhile.不过到傍晚时分我们觉得这一切都是值得的。考点 worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的Nursing is a very worthwhile career.护理工作是
21、值得做的事业。It is worthwhile using/to use waste materials.废物值得利用。It is worthwhile visiting/to visit the museum.参观这家博物馆是值得的。归纳：worthwhile 既可作 定语，又可作表语。句型 It is worthwhile doing/to do sth 的含义是“做某事是值得的” 。考点延伸 辨析 worthwhile，worth 和 worthy：worthwhile在句中可作表语、定语和宾语补足语。常用句式：It is worthwhileto do/doing sth主语动词itw
22、orthwhiledoing/to do sthworth在句中只作表语。常见用法：be worth钱数/名词be (well) worthdoing sthworthy在句中可作表语和定语。常见用法：be worthy ofn./being donebe worthyto be doneIt is worthwhile to read the book.It is worthwhile reading the book.Reading the book is worthwhile.这本书值得一读。This laptop is worth 10,000 yuan and it is well worth owning.这台笔记本电脑价值 10,000 元，很值得拥有。It is a worthy cause and worthy of praise.这是一份高尚的事业，值得称道。The incident is worthy of being remembered.The incident is worthy to be remembered.
