1、8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 1 页 （ 共 8 页） 复核总分 复核人 总 分 题 号 一 二 三 四 五 六 题 分 20 10 10 15 25 20 合分人 得 分 得分 评卷人 复查人 1. _ refers to the fact that there is no necessary or logical relationship between a linguistic form and its meaning. A. Displacement B. creativity C. arbitrariness D. duality 2. The study of a lang
2、uage at some point of time is called_. A. computational linguistics B. sociolinguistics C. diachronic linguistics D. synchronic linguistics 3. The function of the sentence “A nice day, isnt it?” is _. A. directive B. informative C. performative D. phatic 4. _ speaking, no variety of language is bett
3、er than or superior to others. A. Generally B. Socially C. Politically D. Linguistically 201 年 月江苏省高等教育自学考试 8801 语言学概论（英） 一、 选择题（每小 题 1 分，共 20 分） 在下列每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确的答 案，并将其字母标号填入题干的括号内。 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 2 页 （ 共 8 页） 5. If two sounds are of no distinctive value, but are varieties of the same phon
4、eme, they are called _. A. phones B. speech sounds C. allophones D. morphs 6. _ are produced when the obstruction is complete at first, then released slowly with friction resulting from partial obstruction. A. Nasals B. Glides C. Fricatives D. Affricatives 7. Which of the following sounds is a voice
5、less bilabial stop? _. A. m B. f C. p D. b 8. Which of the following languages is a tone language? A. Russian B. Chinese C. English D. French 9. Identify the morphemes in the word unimaginative: A. un-im-ag-in-at-ive B. un-imaginative C. un-imagin-ative D. unimagin-ative 10. In the sentence I took m
6、y big brown cat to the vet yesterday, which of the following does not appear? _. A. Adjective B. Preposition C. Adverb D. Conjunction 11. According to their _, words can classified into closed-class and open-class words. 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 3 页 （ 共 8 页） A. variability B. membership C. similarities D.
7、 functions 12. “Classroom“ is a _. A. free morpheme B. derivative C. compound D. root. 13. When language is used to “do things“, it serves the _ function. A. evocative B. expressive C. directive D. performative 14. _ is that part of the meaning of word or phrase that relates it to phenomena in the r
8、eal world or in a fictional or possible world. A. Connotation B. Affective meaning C. Denotation D. Sense 15. The semantic components of the word “boy” can be expressed as _. A. +human, +male, +adult B. +human, -male, +adult C. +human, -male, -adult D. +human, +male, -adult 16. The words such as TOF
9、EL, NATO, UFO are _. A. formed by blending B. acronyms C. coined by back formation D. clipped words 17. According to Grices theory, a conversational implicature arises when the cooperative principle and its maxims are _. A. strictly observed B. secretly and deliberately violated 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 4
10、 页 （ 共 8 页） C. blatantly or apparently violated D. Both A and B 18. _ refers to the use of a native language pattern or rule which leads to an error or inappropriate form in the target language. A. Interlanguage B. Positive transfer C. Negative transfer D. Overgeneralization 19. A linguist regards t
11、he changes in language and language use as _. A. unnatural B. something to be feared C. natural D. abnormal 20. For foreign language learners to achieve effective learning, the input should_. A. not be so far beyond their reach that they are overwhelmed B. be interesting and simple C. not be so clos
12、e to their current stage that they are not challenged at all D. Both A and C 得分 评卷人 复查人 21. The design features of a language are _, duality, creativity and displacement. 22. _ studies the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables. 23. _
13、is concerned with the internal organization of words. It studies the minimal units of meaning morphemes and word-formation processes. 24. The voiceless bilabial stop is /_ /. 25. Morphemes can be classified into two types in terms of their capacity of occurring alone. Those which may occur alone, ar
14、e called _ morphemes. 26. Affixes are generally classified into three subtypes, namely, prefix, _, and infix. 27. _ affixes do not change the word class of the word they attach to, such as flower, flowers, whereas derivational affixes might or might not. 二、 填空 题（每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 5
15、页 （ 共 8 页） 28. _ is also called clipping, that is, a new word is created by cutting a certain part of another, such as ad for advertisement. 29. Blending is a relatively complex form of compounding, in which two words are blended by joining the initial part of the first and the final part of the sec
16、ond, such as _ for smoke + fog. 30. Syntax is the study of the formation of _. 得分 评卷人 复查人 31. Predication analysis is employed in explaining the meaning of a word. _ 32. According to TG Grammar, the deep structure decides the meaning of a construction in all cases. _ 33. IC analysis interprets the m
17、eaning of an expression by the analysis of the ultimate constituents. _ 34. Mainly, the modern linguistics is descriptive. _ 35. In compounds, the two lexical morphemes can be of different word classes. _ 得分 评卷人 复查人 36. Displacement 得 分 37. Performance 三、 判断 说明 题（每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 在题后的括号内，正确的 写 “ T”，错
18、误的 写 “ F”，并在题下空处说明理由。 四、 四、 名词解释（每小题 3 分，共 15 分） 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 6 页 （ 共 8 页） 得 分 38. Phonology 得 分 39. Articulatory phonetics 得 分 40. Distinctive features 得 分 得分 评卷人 复查人 41.What is communicative competence? 五、 简答题（每小题 5 分，共 25 分） 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 7 页 （ 共 8 页） 得 分 42.What are complementary anto
19、nyms? 得 分 43.What is cooperative principle? 得 分 44.What is syntax? 得 分 45.What is displacement? 得 分 得分 评卷人 复查人 46. What is Sapir-Whorf hypothesis? 六、 问答 题（每小题 10 分，共 20 分） 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 8 页 （ 共 8 页） 得 分 47. Comment on the following prescriptive rules. Do you think they are acceptable? (A) It is I. (B) It is me. You should say A instead of B because “ be ” should be followed by the nominative case, not the accusative according to the rules in Latin. (A) Who did you speak to? (B) Whom did you speak to? You should say B instead of A. 得 分 试卷版芯尺寸 ： 纸 型 自定义；宽度 19.68 厘米；高度 27.3 厘米。 （指文字部分）
