1、8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 1 页 （ 共 8 页） 复核总分 复核人 总 分 题 号 一 二 三 四 五 六 题 分 20 10 10 15 25 20 合分人 得 分 得分 评卷人 复查人 1. The distinction between competence and performance was put forward by _. A. Leonard Bloomfield B. Ferdinand de Saussure C. Noam Chomsky D. M. A. K. Halliday 2. The study of language development a
2、t a period of time, disregarding whatever changes might be taking place, is generally termed as _ linguistics. A. applied B. diachronic C. comparative D. synchronic 3. According to de Saussure, _ refers to a language users underlying knowledge about the system of rules. A. performance B. competence
3、C. parole D. langue 4. According to Noam Chomsky, language is the product of_. A. an innate faculty, unique to humans B. communication C. environmental conditioning D. all of the above 201 年 月江苏省高等教育自学考试 8801 语言学概论（英） 一、 选择题（每小题 1 分，共 20 分） 在下列每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确的答 案，并将其字母标号填入题干的括号内。 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷
4、第 2 页 （ 共 8 页） 5. Which one is different from the others according to places of articulation? A. n B. m C. b D. p 6. Which branch of phonetics concerns the production of speech sounds? A. Acoustic phonetics B. Articulatory phonetics C. Auditory phonetics D. Phonology 7. A sound produced with the voc
5、al cords vibrating is said to be a _ sound. A. resonant B. voiceless C. voiced D. consonant 8. _ are sounds articulated by the back of the tongue against the soft palate. A. Velars B. Labials C. Palatals D. Alveolars 9. The English word “ modernizers” is composed of _ morphemes. A. 4 B.3 C. 2 D. 5 1
6、0. The phrase “men and women” belongs to the _ construction. A. predicate B. coordinate C. subordinate D. exocentric 11. In the TG grammar, the _ structure represents the syntactic properties of a construction, i.e. the underlying level of structural relations between its different constituents. A.
7、deep B. surface 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 3 页 （ 共 8 页） C. generative D. transformational 12. The English language has_. A. morphemes B. syntax C. number agreement D. all of the above 13. Hyponyms of the same _ are co- hyponyms. A. word B. lexical item C. superordinate D. hyponymy 14. _ is defined as any re
8、gionally or socially definable human group identified by shared linguistic system. A. A speech community B. A race C. A society D. A country 15. _ is the study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication. A. Semantics B. Pragmatics C. Sociolinguistics D. Psycholing
9、uistics 16. _ found that natural language had its own logic and concluded cooperative principle. A. John Austin B. John Firth C. Paul Grice D. William Jones 17. _ refers to how we construct an utterance from idea to completed sentence. A. Language comprehension B. Language production C. Language acq
10、uisition D. Language listening 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 4 页 （ 共 8 页） 18. “_” is often understood as a language system between the target language and the learners native language. A. Input Hypothesis B. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis C. Interlanguage D. Contrastive Analysis 19. Which one of the following statemen
11、ts about errors in foreign language learning in FALSE? _. A. Errors can not be avoided in foreign language learning. B. Errors tell the teacher how far towards the goal the learner has progressed and consequently what remains for him to learn. C. Errors are something bad that should not be allowed i
12、n foreign language learning. D. Errors provide the researcher with evidence of how language is learned or acquired, what strategies or procedures the learner is employing is his discovery of the language. 20. The use of non-standard English persists because_. A. the working class is incapable of spe
13、aking “correctly” B. English is a complicated and therefore difficult language to master C. subordinate groups use non-standard English to promote solidarity D. teachers do not properly stress the importance of standard English in schools 得分 评卷人 复查人 21. Not all the sounds occur in the same environme
14、nt. When two sounds never occur in the same environment, they are said to be in the _ distribution. 22. According to the “semantic triangle” presented by Ogden and Richards, the symbol or _ refers to the linguistic elements, and the thought or reference refers to concept. 23. A _ vowel is one produc
15、ed by holding the tongue towards front of the mouth. 24. _ phonetics studies the human speech organs and the way in which the speech sounds are produced. 25. _ refers to the phenomenon that the same word may have a set of different meanings. 26. Linguistics is a branch of science which takes _ its o
16、bject of investigation. 27. Langue is the ideal language users knowledge of the rules. _ is the actual realization of this knowledge in utterances. 二、 填空 题（每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 5 页 （ 共 8 页） 28. _ construction refers to two or more words, phrases or clauses having equivalent syntactic s
17、tatus. 29. _ is the study of the meaning of linguistic units, words and sentences in particular. 30. _ meaning is communicated through association with words which tend to occur in the same environment. 得分 评卷人 复查人 31. If the context of use is considered, the study of meaning is being carried out in
18、the area of pragmatics. _ 32. A locutionary act is the act of expressing the speakers intention. _ 33. Only when a maxim under Cooperative Principle is blatantly violated and the hearer knows that it is being violated do conversational implicatures arise. _ 34. Of the three speech acts, linguists ar
19、e most interested in the illocutionary act because this kind of speech is identical with the speakers intention. _ 35. Of the views concerning the study of semantics, the contextual view, which places the study of meaning in the context in which language is used, is often considered as the initial e
20、ffort to study meaning in a pragmatic sense. _ 得分 评卷人 复查人 36. design features 得 分 三、 判断 说明 题（每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 在题后的括号内，正确的 写 “ T”，错误的 写 “ F”，并在题下空处说明理由。 四、 四、 名词解释（每小题 3 分，共 15 分） 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 6 页 （ 共 8 页） 37. phoneme 得 分 38. deep structure 得 分 39. denotation 得 分 40. complementary antonymy 得 分 得
21、分 评卷人 复查人 41. What processes is psycholinguistics primarily interested in? 得 分 42. What is speech community? 五、 简答题（每小题 5 分，共 25 分） 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 7 页 （ 共 8 页） 得 分 43.What is morphology? 得 分 44.What is deep structure? 得 分 45.What is articulatory phonetics? 得 分 得分 评卷人 复查人 46. With the knowledge of TG grammar, explain how an utterance is produced. 六、 问答 题（每 小题 10 分，共 20 分） 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 8 页 （ 共 8 页） 得 分 47. How is phonetics related to phonology, and how do they differ? 得 分 试卷版芯尺寸 ： 纸 型 自定义；宽度 19.68 厘米；高度 27.3 厘米。 （指文字部分）
