1、外文翻译英文原文：STM32 MicrocontrollerIntroductionRequirements based STM32 family is designed for high-performance, low-cost, low-power embedded applications designed specifically for ARM Cortex-M3 core. According to the performance into two different series: STM32F103 “Enhanced“ series and STM32F101 “Basic
2、“ series. Enhanced Series clock frequency of 72MHz, the highest performance of similar products product; basic clock frequency of 36MHz, 16-bit product prices get more than 16 products significantly enhance the performance and is 16 product users the best choice. Both series have built-in 32K to 128
3、K of flash memory, the difference is the maximum capacity of the SRAM and peripheral combinations. At 72MHz, executing from Flash, STM32 power consumption 36mA, are 32 products on the markets lowest power, the equivalent of 0.5mA/MHz.STM32F103 Performance Characteristics1) Kernel. ARM32 bit CPU, the
4、 maximum operating frequency of 72MHz, 1.25DMIPS/MHz. Single-cycle multiply and hardware divide.2) Memory. Integrated on-chip 32-512KB of Flash memory. 6-64KB SRAM memory.3) Clock, reset, and power management. 2.0-3.6V power supply and I / O interface, the drive voltage. POR, PDR and programmable vo
5、ltage detector. 4-16MHz crystal. Embedded factory tuned 8MHz RC oscillator circuit. 40 kHz internal RC oscillator circuit. CPU clock for the PLL. With calibration for the RTC 32kHz crystal.4) Low power consumption. Three kinds of low-power mode. Sleep, stop, standby mode. For RTC and backup register
6、s supply VBAT.5) Debug mode. Serial debugging and JTAG interface.6) Direct data storage. 12-channel direct data storage controller. Supported peripherals: timers, ADC, DAC, SPI, IIC and USART.7) Up to a maximum of 112 fast I / O ports. Depending on the model, there are 26,37,51,80, and 112 I / O por
7、ts, all ports can be mapped to 16 external interrupt vectors. In addition to the analog input, all of them can accept the input of 5V or less.8) Up to a maximum of 11 timers. Four 16-bit timers, each with 4 IC / OC / PWM or pulse counter. 2 16 6-channel advanced control timer: up to 6 channels can b
8、e used for PWM output. 2 watchdog timer. Systick timer: 24 down counter. Two 16-bit basic timer for driving DAC.9) Up to a maximum of 13 communication interfaces. 2 IIC interface. 5 USART interfaces. 3 SPI interface, two and IIS reuse. CAN interface. USB 2.0 full-speed interface. SDIO interface.Syst
9、em Function1) Integration of embedded Flash and SRAM memory ARM Cortex-M3 core. And 8/16 equipment compared, ARM Cortex-M3 32-bit RISC processor provides a higher code efficiency. STM32F103xx microcontrollers with an embedded ARM core, so it can be compatible with all ARM tools and software.2) Embed
10、ded Flash memory and RAM memory. Built up to 512KB embedded Flash, can be used to store programs and data. Up to 64KB of embedded SRAM clock speed of the CPU can read and write.3) Variable static memory. Variable static memory with 4 chip selects, supports four modes: Flash, RAM, PSRAM, NOR and NAND
11、. After three FSMC interrupt lines connected to the OR after the nested vector interrupt controller. No read / write FIFO, except PCCARD, the code is executed from external memory is not supported Boot, the target frequency is equal to SYSCLK / 2, so the time when the system clock is 72MHz, 36MHz co
12、nducted in accordance with external access.4) Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller. Can handle 43 maskable interrupt channels, providing 16 interrupt priority levels. Tightly coupled nested vectored interrupt controller to achieve lower latency interrupt handling directly passed to the kernel interr
13、upt vector table entry address, tightly coupled nested vectored interrupt controller kernel interface, allowing early treatment interruption, the latter to be more high-priority interrupt processing, support tail chain, auto-save processor state terrupts automatically restored on interrupt exit, no
14、instructions intervention.5) External interrupt / event controller. External interrupt / event controller consists for 19 to generate interrupt / event requests edge detector lines. Each line can be individually configured to select the trigger event, it can be individually masked. There is a pendin
15、g interrupt request registers to maintain state. When an external line appear longer than the internal APB2 clock-cycle pulse, the external interrupt / event controller is able to detect. Up to 112 GPIO connected to the 16 external interrupt lines.6) Clocks and startup. At boot time or to the system
16、 clock selection, but the reset when the internal 8MHz crystal oscillator is selected as the CPU clock. Can choose a 4-16MHz external clock, and will be monitored to determine the success. During this time, the interrupt controller is disabled and the software management is subsequently disabled. Al
17、so, if there is a need, PLL clock interrupt management fully available. Comparator can be used more pre-configuration of the AHB frequency, including high-speed and low-speed APB APB, APB highest frequency of high-speed 72MHz, low-speed APB highest frequency of 36MHz.Architectural AdvantagesIn addit
18、ion to the new features Enhanced peripheral interfaces, STM32 series also interconnect with other STM32 microcontrollers offer the same standard interface, such sharing of peripherals to enhance the entire product family, application flexibility, so that developers can a plurality of design reuse th
19、e same software. New STM32 standard peripherals include 10 timers, two 12-bit ADC, two 12-bit DAC, two I2C interfaces, five USART interfaces and three SPI ports. There are 12 new products peripherals direct data storage channel, there is a CRC calculation unit, like other STM32 microcontrollers, the
20、 supports 96 unique identifier.New series also has followed the STM32 microcontroller family of products low voltage and energy saving are two advantages. 2.0V to 3.6V operating voltage range compatible with the mainstream of battery technologies such as lithium batteries and nickel-metal hydride ba
21、tteries, the package also features a battery operation mode dedicated pin Vbat. 72MHz frequency to execute code from flash consumes only 27mA current. There are four low-power mode, the current consumption can be reduced to two microamps. Quick Start from low power mode to save energy too; starting
22、circuit using STM32 internally generated 8MHz signal, the microcontroller from stop mode when you wake up with less than 6 microseconds.中文翻译：单片机 STM321 STM32 的介绍STM32 系列基于专为要求高性能、低成本、低功耗的嵌入式应用专门设计的 ARM Cortex-M3 内核。按性能分成两个不同的系列：STM32F103“增强型”系列和 STM32F101“基本型 ”系列。增强型系列时钟频率达到 72MHz，是同类产品中性能最高的产品；基本型时
23、钟频率为 36MHz，以 16 位产品的价格得到比 16 位产品大幅提升的性能，是 16 位产品用户的最佳选择。两个系列都内置 32K 到 128K 的闪存，不同的是 SRAM 的最大容量和外设接口的组合。时钟频率 72MHz 时，从闪存执行代码， STM32 功耗 36mA，是 32 位市场上功耗最低的产品，相当于 0.5mA/MHz。2 STM32F103 性能特点1) 内核。ARM32 位 CPU，最高工作频率 72MHz，1.25DMIPS/MHz。单周期乘法和硬件除法。2) 存储器。片上集成 32-512KB 的 Flash 存储器。 6-64KB 的 SRAM 存储器。3) 时钟、
24、复位和电源管理。2.0-3.6V 的电源供电和 I/O 接口的驱动电压。POR、 PDR 和可编程的电压探测器。4-16MHz 的晶振。内嵌出厂前调校的8MHz RC 振荡电路。内部 40 kHz 的 RC 振荡电路。用于 CPU 时钟的 PLL。带校准用于 RTC 的 32kHz 的晶振。4) 低功耗。3 种低功耗模式：休眠，停止，待机模式。为 RTC 和备份寄存器供电的 VBAT。5) 调试模式。串行调试和 JTAG 接口。6) 直接数据存储。12 通道直接数据存储控制器。支持的外设：定时器，ADC， DAC， SPI，IIC 和 USART。7) 最多高达 112 个的快速 I/O 端口
25、。根据型号的不同，有26，37，51，80，和 112 的 I/O 端口，所有的端口都可以映射到 16 个外部中断向量。除了模拟输入，所有的都可以接受 5V 以内的输入。8) 最多多达 11 个定时器。4 个 16 位定时器，每个定时器有 4 个IC/OC/PWM 或者脉冲计数器。2 个 16 位的 6 通道高级控制定时器：最多 6 个通道可用于 PWM 输出。2 个看门狗定时器。Systick 定时器：24 位倒计数器。2 个 16 位基本定时器用于驱动 DAC。9) 最多多达 13 个通信接口。2 个 IIC 接口。5 个 USART 接口。3 个 SPI接口，两个和 IIS 复用。CAN
26、 接口。USB 2.0 全速接口。SDIO 接口。3 系统作用1) 集成嵌入式 Flash 和 SRAM 存储器的 ARM Cortex-M3 内核。和 8/16 位设备相比，ARM Cortex-M3 32 位 RISC 处理器提供了更高的代码效率。STM32F103xx 微控制器带有一个嵌入式的 ARM 核，所以可以兼容所有的ARM 工具和软件。2) 嵌入式 Flash 存储器和 RAM 存储器。内置多达 512KB 的嵌入式Flash，可用于存储程序和数据。多达 64KB 的嵌入式 SRAM 可以以 CPU 的时钟速度进行读写。3) 可变静态存储器。可变静态存储器带有 4 个片选，支持四
27、种模式：Flash， RAM，PSRAM，NOR 和 NAND。3 个 FSMC 中断线经过 OR 后连接到嵌套矢量中断控制器。没有读/写 FIFO，除 PCCARD 之外，代码都是从外部存储器执行，不支持 Boot，目标频率等于 SYSCLK/2，所以当系统时钟是 72MHz时，外部访问按照 36MHz 进行。4) 嵌套矢量中断控制器。可以处理 43 个可屏蔽中断通道，提供 16 个中断优先级。紧密耦合的嵌套矢量中断控制器实现了更低的中断处理延迟，直接向内核传递中断入口向量表地址，紧密耦合的嵌套矢量中断控制器内核接口，允许中断提前处理，对后到的更高优先级的中断进行处理，支持尾链，自动保存处理
28、器状态，中断入口在中断退出时自动恢复，不需要指令干预。5) 外部中断/事件控制器。外部中断/事件控制器由用于 19 条产生中断/事件请求的边沿探测器线组成。每条线可以被单独配置用于选择触发事件，也可以被单独屏蔽。有一个挂起寄存器来维护中断请求的状态。当外部线上出现长度超过内部 APB2 时钟周期的脉冲时，外部中断/事件控制器能够探测到。多达112 个 GPIO 连接到 16 个外部中断线。6) 时钟和启动。在启动的时候还是要进行系统时钟选择，但复位的时候内部 8MHz 的晶振被选用作 CPU 时钟。可以选择一个外部的 4-16MHz 的时钟，并且会被监视来判定是否成功。在这期间，控制器被禁止并
29、且软件中断管理也随后被禁止。同时，如果有需要，PLL 时钟的中断管理完全可用。多个预比较器可以用于配置 AHB 频率，包括高速 APB 和低速 APB，高速 APB 最高的频率为 72MHz，低速 APB 最高的频率为 36MHz。4 架构优势除新增的功能强化型外设接口外，STM32 互连系列还提供与其它 STM32微控制器相同的标准接口，这种外设共用性提升了整个产品家族的应用灵活性，使开发人员可以在多个设计中重复使用同一个软件。新 STM32 的标准外设包括10 个定时器、两个 12 位 模数转换器 、两个 12 位数模转换器、两个 I2C 接口、五个 USART 接口和三个 SPI 端口。新产品外设共有 12 条直接数据存储通道，还有一个 CRC 计算单元，像其它 STM32 微控制器一样，支持 96 位唯一标识码。新系列微控制器还沿续了 STM32 产品家族的低电压和节能两大优点。2.0V到 3.6V 的工作电压范围兼容主流的电池技术，如锂电池和镍氢电池，封装还设有一个电池工作模式专用引脚 Vbat。以 72MHz 频率从闪存执行代码，仅消耗 27mA 电流。低功耗模式共有四种，可将电流消耗降至两微安。从低功耗模式快速启动也同样节省电能；启动电路使用 STM32 内部生成的 8MHz 信号，将微控制器从停止模式唤醒用时小于 6 微秒。
