1、Unit 1 How can we become good learners?Section A1. askfor 请求，询问，向 要eg He asked me politely for the book.ask sb (not) to do sth 叫某人（不）做某事2. by prep. 通过靠(后接 Ving)eg She learns English by English magazines.3. conversation cn 交谈，会话 (have conversations with sb)eg Ill have a long conversation with her.4.
2、aloud adv. 出声地，大声地（常与 read,think,cry,shout 等连用，表示让人能听得见）loud adj/adv 响亮的/地，大声的/地（指发音音量大或声音穿得远，做 adv时常与 speak,talk, laugh 等连用）loudly adv. 大声地 （表示声音高且喧闹、不悦耳或令人感到讨厌，常与knock,ring,crow 连用）eg Look at the sign-“No one is allowed to read aloud in the library.He makes loud noise.Someone knocked loudly at the
3、 door.5. practice v. 练习，操练 (practice doing sth)practice un 实践，练习，锻炼eg He practices playing football.Practice makes perfect.6. too+adj/adv 原形+to+V 原形=so+adj/adv 原形+that 从句=not+adj/adv 原形+enough+to+V 原形eg He is too young to go to school.=He is so young that he cant go to school.=He isnt old enough to
4、go to school.7. spoken English 英语口语eg His spoken English is not so good as his written English.8. quickly adv. 快地，迅速地 （指具体的动作迅速敏捷，也指思维反应快）fast adj/adv 快的/地 （指物体或人的运动速度快，也指说话快）soon adv 快速地 （指动作完成或离现在的时间间隔短）eg Come quickly,something terrible has happened.She drives very fast.My father will leave for B
5、eijing soon.9. word by word 逐字地day by day 日复一日one by one 逐个10. patient adj 有耐心的，耐烦的 （be patient with/to对有耐心）n 病人eg We all like Mr.Smith.He is very patient with us.The nurse is looking after the patient.11. noteverything 表示部分否定，could not understand everything “并非每件事都能理解”当 every,all,always 等表示整体意义的词与
6、not 连用时，表示部分否定eg I didnt find everyone on the playground.Not all balls are round in the USA.12. secret cn 秘密，机密 （keep a secret 保密；in secret 秘密地）adj 秘密的，隐秘的eg Exercising every day is the secret of health.Its a secret passage.13. look up （在字典或资料中）查找；向上看，仰视eg Ive forgotten the number,you should look it
7、 up again.They looked up,and found many locusts.14. repeat =do or sayagain15. take a note/take notes 记笔记16. memorize v 记忆，记住 (指有意识地用心地去记，强调主观的动作过程memory nremember v 记得 （指某件事或印象在记忆里，一般不需要有意识地去记忆便可以想起）eg She tried to memorize every event.She remembered event that happened in these years.17. be afraid
8、of doing sth 担心而害怕做某事be afraid to do sth 怕而不敢做某事eg The girl was afraid to go across the bridge,for she was afraid of falling down from it.Section B1. increase to 增到，增加到（后 +总数）eg The population of this city has increased to 3,000,000by now.increase by 以的幅度增加，增加了eg The population of this factory incre
9、ased by 10 percent last year.2. at the speed of 以速度at top/full/high speed 高速，全速eg Your taxi traveled at the speed of 80 miles an hour.Its dangerous to turn round the corner at high speed.3. be born 出身于be born with 天生具有 be born to do sth 天生能做某事eg He was born in a small village.Her cousin brother was
10、born with a mole(胎记) on the shoulder.Man was born to cry,so its with other animals.4. have the ability to do sth 有能力做某事eg Jenny is the first person for the job,she has the ability to communicate.5. take an interest in=be interested in 对感兴趣lose interest in 对失去兴趣eg She seems to take an interest in dis
11、cussing the trip.He has lost interest in fishing.6. create v 创造，创建，创作creative adj 创造性的，有创意的creation n 创造，创建7. Its +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是Its +adj +of sb to do sth (adj 是表示情感，特征的词:kind ,nice ,good ,silly ,wrong ,wise等)eg Its hard for you to finish it.Its kind of you to say so.8. pay attentio
12、n to 注意留心（to 是介词，后接 n/pron/Ving）eg Your spoken English is a little poor.Please pay attention to it.As you see,Sam didnt pay much attention to watching TV.9. connectwith把和 连接起来connectto把连上eg First,the light is connected to a switch.Dont connect the matter with what happened last week.10. even if =eve
13、n though 即使，纵然eg I wouldnt give up even if I should fail a second time.I can still remember even though it happened so long ago.11. unless=ifnot如果不，除非eg Youll be late unless you hurry.=Youll be late if you dont hurry.Unit 2 I think mooncakes are delicious!Section A1.a little too 太 一点eg Kevin was a l
14、ittle too young to dress himself.2.put on 增加（体重）发胖 +weight穿上，戴上 +衣物eg Last month,Joan put on some weight.Mr.Weevers put on his hat and hurried out.3.pound cn 重量单位“磅”.货币单位“英镑”eg two pounds of milkAfter the Sichuan earthquake,the British government gave away1,000,000 pounds.4.shoot down 击落，击毁eg An US
15、UAV was shot down in Iran last year.5.try to do sth 尽力做某事（但不一定成功）.try doing sth 尝试做某事eg She tried to climb onto the bank(河岸)，but failed.You always travel by train,why not try taking a bus for a change?6.steal 偷，窃取 （stole stolen）. steal sth from 从偷某物eg The child stole a book from the shelf.have sth s
16、tolen 某物被偷eg She had her purse（钱包）stolen.7.sothat如此以至于.so+adj/adv+that 从句.so+adj+a/an+单数名词+that 从句.so+many/few+复数名词+that 从句.so+much/little+不可数名词+that 从句eg He is so young that he cant go to school.He made so many mistakes that he failed the exam.suchthat如此以至于.such+a/an+单数名词+that 从句.such+复数名词/不可数名词 +t
17、hat 从句.such+a/an+adj+n+that 从句.such+adj+复数名词/不可数名词+that 从句eg He is such a good student that we all believe him.It was such bad weather that we had to stay at home.8.lay v 平放，放置 (lay out 摆开，布置)产卵，下蛋eg Mrs,Turner laid out the flowerpots in her garden.How strange it is to see the hen lay two eggs a day
18、!lie-lying-lay-lain 躺，位于lie-lying-lied-lied 撒谎lay-laying-laid-laid 平放，产卵9.admire vt 欣赏，观赏 （admire sth 欣赏某物）Vt 钦佩，羡慕 （admirefor 因 而钦佩）eg Standing on the top of the mountain,you can admire the beauty of the whole city.We admire Ann for her courage.10.tie cn 领带 （ a shirt and tie）. v 拴，扎，系，绑 （tieto将拴到）e
19、g Its formal（正式） to wear a shirt and tie if you go to a party.Please tie your dog to the tree.11.感叹句的种类How 引导的感叹句(1) How+adj+主语+ 谓语！(2) How+adv+主语+谓语!(3) How+adj+a/an+单数名词+ 主语+谓语！(4) How+主语+ 谓语！eg How blue the sky is!How well she danced that day!How interesting a book it is!How time flies!What 引导的感叹
20、句(1) What+a/an+单数名词+主语 +谓语！(2) What +不可数名词+ 主语+ 谓语！(3) What+复数名词+ 主语+谓语！(4) What+a/an+adj+单数名词+ 主语+谓语！(5) What+adj+不可数名词+ 主语+谓语！(6) What+adj+复数名词+ 主语+谓语！eg What a horse it is!What fun it was!What colors they are!What a nice girl she is!What fine weather it was last week!What silly questions they are
21、.Section B1. trick cn 恶作剧，闹剧 (play a trick on sb 捉弄某人)eg The kids played tricks on Harvey when he was young.2. treat cn 招待，款待v 对待，把看作 (treatas把看作)eg Its my treat.Dont treat his words as a joke.3. dress up as+sb 装扮成某人dress up in+服装或颜色 穿上eg The kids are dressing up as pirates(海盗)Father Christmas often
22、 dresses up in red.4. mean adj 小气的，吝啬的，自私的 (be mean with对吝啬)v 意味着，意欲mean doing sth 意味着做某事mean to do sth 打算做某事not mean to do sth 不是有意做某事eg Mr.Marley was mean with almost everything.That would mean wasting a lot of labor.Really?I dont mean to waste any labor.I dont mean to be late ,sir.5. business un
23、商业，生意.un 职责，事务，事 (on business 出差).cn 商铺，商店eg Sometimes,business English is hard to learn.Mr.Wang has gone to Hainan Island on business.She has a business in Paris.5. punish sb for (doing) sth 因为（做）某事而处罚某人eg He was punished for breaking the school rules.6. warn sb of sth 警告某人某事warn sb (not) to do sth
24、 警告某人（不）做某事warn sb +that 从句eg Weve warned the kids of the risk of electricity.Weve been warned not to go out these days.I warned her that snakes are dangerous.7. end up doing sth 最终成为结果为eg I didnt like it at first,but we ended up cheering.end up with 以告终eg Their game ended up with a quarrel.7. prese
25、nt un 现在，目前(at present).cn 礼物赠品.adj 现在的，目前的.出席的，到场的eg At present,everything goes well.My uncle sent me an iPad as a birthday present.What do you think of your present company,David?The present guests were all in high spirit.8. spread v/n 传播，蔓延eg The fire spread in a short time.China has successfully
26、 controlled the spread of bird flu.（禽流感）9. hiding n 躲藏，隐藏处 (in hiding 躲藏着;go into hiding 躲起来)eg Tom and his sister went into hiding when they heard the sound of their mothers footsteps.10. hunt n 搜索，搜寻 (hunt for)eg The hunt for the sunk ship(沉船) continue11. not onlybut also不但 而且( 连接两个相对称的并列成分，若连接两个主
27、语时要实行就近原则)eg Not only Mr.lin bt also his son loves the movies.Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?Section A1. information un 消息（表示通过打听、学习、观察等方式获得的资料）.news un 新闻，消息（指人们感兴趣的或近来发生的事情，尤指通过广播、电视、报纸等事情）.message cn 消息，口信（指口头或书信传递给他人的消息）eg We need some information.He often sends me short
28、 messages.We listen to the news on the radio.2. Could you please+V 原形.？ 请你.好吗？.Could you please not+V 原形? 请你不要好吗？（其回答中不能用 could,只能用 can.即 Yes,I can.或 No/Sorry,I canteg Could you please be here a little earlier?Sorry,I cant.3. beside prep 在旁边，在附近=next to/close tobesides prep 除之外还eg A girl is standing
29、 beside the tree.Dis anyone else come besides Jack?4. get sb sth=get sth for sb(get 是“买到，弄到，得到”之意)eg Whod like to get some chalk for me?=Whod like to get me some chalk?5. pardon v 原谅（主要用于没听清对方说话时，恳请对方再说一遍）.excuse me 打扰一下（主要用于吸引别人的注意，有麻烦或打扰之意所做之事可能会使别人不愉快或不方便，诸如插话、失陪、提出请求、纹路等）eg Can I ask you some qu
30、estions?Pardon?Excuse me,can you tell me where the bank is?6. need v 需要（实义动词）need to do sth 需要去做某事need doing sth 需要被做某事eg Harold needed to bring drinks.Potatoes need cooking a little longer.7. suggest v 使人想到，使人联想，提议，建议suggest sth (to sb)=suggest (to sb) （向某人）提议/建议suggest doing sth 提议/建议做某事suggest +t
31、hat 从句（虚拟语气，其谓语用 should+动词原形， should 常被省略）eg What did you suggest to the manager?I suggested going home at once.I suggest (that) we go out to eat.8. psaa by 经过，路过，从旁边经过.go by 流逝，过去eg He passed by without greeting me.Time goes by.8. 宾语从句(2) 类型 连词 that 引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，that 无意义，that 可省略eg I think (that
32、) shell be back soon.He didnt know (that) his brother was also there.that 在下列情况中不宜省略主句与宾语从句间有插入语eg She said here,in her letter,that she was getting on well with her studies.出现两个或以上的宾语从句，此时只有第一个 that 可以省略，其余的不能省略eg Danny told me (that) he would go to Canada and that he had been there once. 连词代词 who,w
33、hom,what,which,whose 和 when, where,why,how 等引导的宾语从句由特殊疑问句转化而来，这些连接代词或连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分，因此不能省略。eg I want to know when he will come.I dont know how many people have been to Tibet.Can you tell me how I can get to the train station?I wondered who would teach us English. 连词 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句由一般疑问句转化而来，
34、一般情况下这两个词可以互换，它们的意思为“是否”eg She asked us if we would visit the West Farm.Please tell me whether itll rain or not tomorrow.下列情况中只能用 whether作介词的宾语从句eg It depends on whether hell ready tomorrow.在“whether or not”结构中eg I asked him whether or not he would go on a picnic.位于句首的宾语从句eg Whether hes alive,theyre
35、 not sure.在 discuss 后的宾语从句eg Theyre discussing whether theyll go there.与动词不定式连用eg I dont know whether to visit her.(3) 宾语从句的语序宾语从句只能用陈述语序 疑问句转化为宾语从句时，一定要将疑问句语序转变为陈述句语序eg Can you tell me where he lives? 疑问词本身作主语或修饰主语，因为该句子本来就是陈述句语序，变为宾语从句时，语序保持不变eg Do you know who is going to speak at the meeting?(4)
36、 宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态受主句时态的限制 主句是现在时态，从句的时态不受限制，可依实际情况选用所需的时态。eg I hope well have a happy year together.He tells me how it happened in the 1950s. 主句是过去时态，从句的时态一般选用过去某一时态eg John said he was watching a movie at that time.Did he tell you he had read that story? 从句是客观真理，或是一种自然现象、科学原理、谚语、格言等，或是经常性的动作等，其时态用一般现在
37、时eg She said that east or west, home is best.Didnt he tll you that the Venus is almost as big as our earth?(5) 宾语从句与动词不定式的转换 主句的主语与从句的主语同指一人或物时eg I know what Ill do with the old bike.=I know what to do with the old bike. 主句含双宾语，指人的宾语与宾语从句中的主语同指一人时eg You didnt tell me where I could find her.=You didn
38、t tell me where to find her.Section B1. convenient adj 便利的，方便的（一般不以人作主语）常用 Its convenient (for sb) to do stheg I live just next to the supermarket, so its convenient to go shopping.Its convenient for me to go there by bus2. ask about sth 询问（打听）某事ask sb for help 向某人求助eg Did you ask about pets?Ask Mr.
39、Li for help if you have any difficulty.3. request n 要求，请求(make a request/at ones request 应要求)v 要求，请求request sb to do sth 要求/请求某人做某事request sth (from sb) （向某人）要求某物request+that 从句（从句谓语用 should+动词原形，should 可省略）eg When you need something in a formal party,do you know how to make a request.I request her to go alone.
