1、九年级被动语态专练班别 姓名学习目标：掌握各种时态的被动语态的结构能够正确的把主动语态变为被动语态掌握被动语态的各种特殊用法重难点：被动语态的几种特殊用法一、语态概述英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者, 在被动语态中动作的执行者有时用 by短语表示出来.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English.（谓语：speak 的动作是由主语 many people 来执行的。）被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：E
2、nglish is spoken by many people.主语 English 是动词 speak 的承受者。二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词 be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过 be 的变化表现出来的。现以 do 为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。歌诀是：被动语态 be 字变，过去分词跟后面。公式为： be（有时态的变化） +动词的过去分词1. 一般现在时： am (is, are) done.（every day, usually, often ）2. 一般过去时： was (were) done (yesterday, last night/week/m
3、onth/year,in1885)3. 一般将来时： will (shall) be done ( next week/month/year, in the future)* 4. 现在进行时： am (is, are) being done ( now, these days, Look! Listen! )* 5. 现在完成时： have (has) been done （since+clause/ the past time, for + some time , so far, these days）6. 带情态动词的被动语态：must (can, may, should, need,
4、would) be done 7 不定式的被动结构 to+ be+动词的过去分词三、被动语态的用法 (歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。)1 不知动作执行者时 ,常用被动语态. eg. This car is made in America.2. 不必要说出动作执行者时,常用. eg. Rome was not built in a day.3. 为了突出强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态.eg. English is spoken in many countries .四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2)把谓语变
5、成被动结构(be过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定 be 的形式)。(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词 by 之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him.- He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.-The bikes are madeby themin the factory.歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by 短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be 后“ 过分”来使用。五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的
6、主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词be过去分词”构成，原来带 to 的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。歌诀是：情态动词变被动，情态加 be 加“ 过分”， （情态动词）原来带 to 要保留。例如：1 We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.2 You ought to take it away. It ought to be taken away.3 They should do it at once.It should be done at once. 六、从初中阶段所学五种
7、基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。1主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 (S+V+P)此结构不可用被动语态。(正) The flowers smell sweet.(误) The flowers are smelt sweet.2主语 + 不及物动词 (S+V)此结构不可变被动语态。(正) An accident happened last night.(误) An accident was happened last night.3主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (S + V+ O)（1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语Children often sing this song This son
8、g is often sung by children.（2）将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时，不可将介词或副词去掉。We should listen to the teachers carefully.The teachers should be listened to carefully.4主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (S + V+ IO+ DO)（1）.将表人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。He showed us a picture .We were shown a picture.（2）.将指物的直接宾语变为主语，要在间接宾语前加介词 to 或 for.
9、常用加 to 的动词 give, show, pass, read 等常用加 for 的动词 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等A picture was shown to us.A dictionary was bought for me by my parents.5 主语+及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 (S+ V+ O + C)如动词为 make, see, hear, watch 等，后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to” 。I saw him fall off the tree.He was seen to fall off th
10、e tree.6. “be + 过去分词“ 并非都是被动语态，系动词 be, feel, seem, look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，表示某种状态。 Im interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣。*7. 某些动词用主动语态来表示被动含义。The womans clothes sell well. 女装卖的快。This book sells best.这本书很畅销. 课内探究案I 思考一：各种时态的被动语态的结构时态 被动语态结构一般将来时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时现在完成时含有情态动词练习巩固：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Our TV
11、set _ (repair) yesterday.2. A new building _ (build) in our school next year.3. Many books on science _ (buy) since I went to college.4. Now he _ (be) asked if the meeting _ (hold) next Friday.5. Your school bag _ (must not put) there.6. _ this kind of bike_ (make) in the USA?思考二：怎样把一个句子由主动语态变为被动语态？
12、People speak English in many countries.English is spoken in many countries.1. They often plant trees in spring every year.2. We will hold the sports meeting next time3. Did your father write the book?4. Where do they make the machine?.思考三： 含有双宾语的句子怎样变被动语态？例如： Jim gave her a book.She was given a book
13、 by Jim.A book was given to her by Jim.1. The teacher showed the children a beautiful picture._2. My father bought me a new bike._常和 to 连用的动词有那些？常和 for 连用的动词有那些？思考四：动词不定式做宾语补足语的句子怎样变被动？ask sb to do sth-_tell sb to do sth-_make sb do sth-_see sb do sth-_练习巩固：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. The baby _ （make）_ (cry) by
14、 his sister.2. Jim _often_ (hear) _ (sing) in the room.3. Jack _(ask) _(answer) the question in French.4. The Browns _(see) _(leave) the hotel already.V. 思考五：有关被动语态的几种句型1. need/want/require + doing = need/want/require + to be done2. It is said that 据说It is reported that 据报道It is thought that 大家认为It
15、is believed that有人相信3. 复合句变被动，主从句都要变If a computer is bought for me , the work will be finished more quicklyVI.思考六： 不用被动语态的动词：1. 不及物动词（vi.) 如: happen, take place, appear, disappear A traffic accident _ (happen) just now.2. 连系动词（Link.v.) 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, becomePe
16、king Opera _ (sound) beautiful3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:The pen _ (write) very fast.This kind of sweater _ (sell) well. 小结：关于被动语态的几种用法你掌握了吗？课后提升案一单项选择( )( )1 The old man and the children must _ in our country.A take good care B. be taken good care C. take care of D. be taken good care of( )2 Look! A big m
17、odern building _ in our city.A is built B. was being built C. is being built D. has built( )3 Many more houses _ for teachers since last year.A are building B. built C. have built D. have been built( ) 4 A man _ cry for help last night.A was heard to B. hear to C. was heard D heard to ( ) 5 I think
18、computer _ in everyday life before long.A will be B. will be used C. is used D. was used( ) 6 Old people must be looked after and _ politely.A speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to ( ) 7 The flowers _ often.A must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water( ) 8 This kind of shoes _
19、 well last year.A. didnt sell B. sell C. arent sell D. wasnt sell二用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1. This kind of bike _(sell) in the New Century Supermarket. It _(sell) well.2. I will go to the party if I _(invite).3. It _(say) that he is a government officer.4. The flowers need _(water) every day.5. He is often n
20、oticed_(sit) at the table alone.6. An accident _(happen) here last week.7. So far, many man-made satellites _(send) up into the space.8. The 30th Olympic Games _(hold) in London in 2012.9. The road _(repair) now.10. The Peoples Republic of China _ (found) on October1, 1949.学后反思这节课我学到了什么？我还存在哪些问题？被动语
21、态专项练习一、选择题( )1._ a new library _ in our school last year?A.Is; built B.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build( )2.An accident _ on this road last week.A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened( )3.Cotton （棉花）_ in the southeast of China.A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow( )4.So fa
22、r,the moon _ by man already.A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited( )5.A talk on Chinese history _ in th school hall next week.A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives( )6.How many trees _ this year?A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted( )7.A lo
23、t of things _ by people to save the little girl now.A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done( )8.Neither of them _ in China.A.is made B.are made C.were made D.made( )9.Look! A nice picture _ for our teacher.A.is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws( )10.Your shoes _.
24、You need a new pair.A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn( )11.The doctor _ for yet.A.isnt sent B.hasnt been sent C.wont be sent D.wasnt sent( )12.-When _ this kind of computers_? -Last year.A.did; use B.was; used C.is; used D.are; used( )13.The Great Wall _ all over the world.A.knows B.kne
25、w C.is known D.was known( )14.I _ in summer.A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born( )15.He says that Mr Zhang _ to the factory next week.A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent( )16.Who _ this book _?A.did; written B.was; written by C.did; written D.was;written( )17.Mary _ show me her
26、 new dictionary.A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to( )18.A story _ by Granny yesterday.A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us( )19.The monkey was seen _ off the tree.A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump( )20.The school bag _ behind the chair.A.puts B.can be put C.can be pu
27、tted D.can put( )21.Older people _ well.A.looks after B.must be looked after C.must look after D.looked after( )22.Our teacher _ carefully.A.should be listened to B.should be listen C.be listened D.is listened二、 用动词的正确语态填空。（综合运用）1. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
28、2. That play _(put) on again sometime next month.3. The old man is ill. He _ (must send) to the hospital.4. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ (sell) in this shop.5. What _ a knife _ (make) of? It _(make) of metal and wood.6. A Piano concert _(give) here last Friday.7. _ the magazine _(can take) out of th
29、e library?8. The room _ (clean) by me every day.9. The stars _ (can see) in the daytime.10. Some flowers _(water) by Li Ming already.11. These kinds of machines _(make) in Japan.12. Apples _ _(grow) in this farm.13. Russian _ _ (learn)as the second language by some students in China.14. Planes,cars
30、and trains _ _ (use) by business people for travelling.15. The cinema _ _ (bulid) in 1985.16. The bike _ _ _ _ (must not put) here.17. A beautiful horse _ _ _ (draw) by John next day.18. This kind of machine _ _(can made) by uncle Wang.19. Mr. Green _ _ (open) two new school.20. The PLA _ _ (found) on August 1st,1927.21. By the time he was ten, the boy _(learn)English and French.22. How long _ your uncle _(be) in the city?23. _ you _(see) the film yet?Yes, I _(see) it last week.24. Uncle Wang _(live) here since 198025. Listen! Someone _(sing).26. Tom _(not have) breakfast yesterday morning.
