1、yuan, an increase of 17.5%; local government general budget revenue of 500 million Yuan, . Painting, model culture creates new Ma Church community, creating Lake scenic spot culture education base, received high evaluation from provincial and municipal discipline Inspection Commission, the peoples d
2、aily special report. Constantly promote independent Commission against corruption culture construction to rural extends, created established Dahlin rural industry Park independent Commission against corruption culture positions, formed has a support “service low double excellent“ of members lead tea
3、m, constantly perfect and established Park funds assets management, and village audit supervision, and villagers democratic financial, system, strengthening Park party, and Chief, and financial, full public, powerful to guarantees has new rural construction, by city rural style clean government insp
4、ection unit led of height evaluation. Through the implementation of honest and clean government cultural construction, and effectively educate the broad masses of party members and cadres and consciously regulated behavior and discipline, honesty in politics and culture to create a good atmosphere a
5、nd fresh development environment. Although we in implement implementation independent Commission against corruption guidelines aspects made has must effectiveness, but away from superior of requirements also exists must of distance, main performance for: a is system enough sound, education, and supe
6、rvision, and prevention, and punishment, aspects long-term mechanism also enough perfect, especially in enrollment bid work regulatory aspects also needed strengthening; II is regulatory supervision exists lost of Yu wide, and lost of Yu soft, investigation illegal disciplinary case of efforts also
7、needed strengthening, individual sector and cadres also different degree exists treat gift, not to benefits not do, and mess do of phenomenon; Three for honest work is the new situations and new problems in finding timely enough, treatment measures are not strong enough. To solve these problems, we
8、will proceed from the following five aspects of rectification, make sure to implement the provisions of the code. (A) deepening the learning, enhance the consciousness of honesty in politics. To create event as an opportunity to Excel and learning party, further increasing the governance capability
9、and advanced construction, reinforced rules of the broad masses of party members and cadres awareness, sense of responsibility, sense of honor, improve working ability and level of scientific development. Should make full use of meetings, in particular central group learning opportunity, further str
10、engthening the study and education of the code, the intensive warning education, education the majority of party members and cadres known fear, knew fear, honesty in politics of tension the strings, consciousness and enhancing the implementation of the initiative. Also, pay attention to apply what t
11、hey have learned, consciously study results into planning work, new ideas,new measures to promote work, the courage to take responsibility, dare to break hard to ensure district, Government decisions and arrangements to implement. (B) strengthening supervision, severely punish acts of violation. One
12、 is to open the channels of supervision. Vigorously promote the party affairs public, open, widely accepted supervision by the masses, pay attention to social groups and public opinion supervision, the powerful force formed to urge party members and leading cadres properly exercise their powers. Sec
13、ond, strong supervision and inspection. Democratic life into full play, important briefings, reports related to personal matters and evaluation of cadres study of inner-party supervisory system, a comprehensive grasp of guidelines for the implementation of the independent Commission against corrupti
14、on-related cases of leading cadres of party members, focus on strengthening key areas of project selection, funding, officials monitor, detect and rectify the problem, promote honesty in politics. Third, strengthen disciplinary investigation. Seriously the implementation of JI .Recently, the County
15、leading bodies at the county level to carry out “three trees“ practice, which is to improve the governing ability and promoting the development of XX effective measure. I carefully follow your deployment requirements, and actively participate in the “three trees“ campaign. Read Group, prepared by th
16、e Department in the near future of the ideological and political construction of leading cadres in the city reader, read the relevant information, larger harvest, inspired. I think the ability of repelling is to strengthen the partys governing capacity in questions of the construction of meaning, an
17、 important topic remains in front of party members and cadres at all levels, we need to further explore and ponder. The ability of repelling the name suggests, is asking party members and cadres at all levels in particular, leading cadres at all levels, not only ourselves, establish a correct concep
18、t of the independent Commission against corruption, political integrity, self-discipline, rejection of corruption, made for the people, pragmatic, honest leadership, and strengthen the sense of responsibility, earnestly implement the responsibility of uncorrupted, implementation of the baolian anti-
19、corruption measures to ensure the realization of business-building, construction of a win-win situation. Next, I combined with their thinking, experience and contact XX practical, on how to enhance the ability of repelling, on four aspects of cognition. Irregularities, please comment. First, the con
20、struction of the propulsion system, and enhance the system of corruption since the founding of our party, have been thinking about tackling corruption. Currently, democratic legal system, management system and supervision mechanism is not perfect, administrative acts are not very standardized, Enter
21、prise behavior and market behavior, corruption presents a diverse, pluralistic, complex trends, this shift the struggle between the two, will accompany本 科 毕 业 设 计 开 题 报 告题 目 框架式水平平直波纹板换热器设计 学生姓名 杜晓东 学号 所 在 院 (系 ) 机 械 工 程 学 院 专业班级 汽车 082 指导教师 王旭飞 2012 年 03 月 08 日yuan, an increase of 17.5%; local gove
22、rnment general budget revenue of 500 million Yuan, . Painting, model culture creates new Ma Church community, creating Lake scenic spot culture education base, received high evaluation from provincial and municipal discipline Inspection Commission, the peoples daily special report. Constantly promot
23、e independent Commission against corruption culture construction to rural extends, created established Dahlin rural industry Park independent Commission against corruption culture positions, formed has a support “service low double excellent“ of members lead team, constantly perfect and established
24、Park funds assets management, and village audit supervision, and villagers democratic financial, system, strengthening Park party, and Chief, and financial, full public, powerful to guarantees has new rural construction, by city rural style clean government inspection unit led of height evaluation.
25、Through the implementation of honest and clean government cultural construction, and effectively educate the broad masses of party members and cadres and consciously regulated behavior and discipline, honesty in politics and culture to create a good atmosphere and fresh development environment. Alth
26、ough we in implement implementation independent Commission against corruption guidelines aspects made has must effectiveness, but away from superior of requirements also exists must of distance, main performance for: a is system enough sound, education, and supervision, and prevention, and punishmen
27、t, aspects long-term mechanism also enough perfect, especially in enrollment bid work regulatory aspects also needed strengthening; II is regulatory supervision exists lost of Yu wide, and lost of Yu soft, investigation illegal disciplinary case of efforts also needed strengthening, individual secto
28、r and cadres also different degree exists treat gift, not to benefits not do, and mess do of phenomenon; Three for honest work is the new situations and new problems in finding timely enough, treatment measures are not strong enough. To solve these problems, we will proceed from the following five a
29、spects of rectification, make sure to implement the provisions of the code. (A) deepening the learning, enhance the consciousness of honesty in politics. To create event as an opportunity to Excel and learning party, further increasing the governance capability and advanced construction, reinforced
30、rules of the broad masses of party members and cadres awareness, sense of responsibility, sense of honor, improve working ability and level of scientific development. Should make full use of meetings, in particular central group learning opportunity, further strengthening the study and education of
31、the code, the intensive warning education, education the majority of party members and cadres known fear, knew fear, honesty in politics of tension the strings, consciousness and enhancing the implementation of the initiative. Also, pay attention to apply what they have learned, consciously study re
32、sults into planning work, new ideas,new measures to promote work, the courage to take responsibility, dare to break hard to ensure district, Government decisions and arrangements to implement. (B) strengthening supervision, severely punish acts of violation. One is to open the channels of supervisio
33、n. Vigorously promote the party affairs public, open, widely accepted supervision by the masses, pay attention to social groups and public opinion supervision, the powerful force formed to urge party members and leading cadres properly exercise their powers. Second, strong supervision and inspection
34、. Democratic life into full play, important briefings, reports related to personal matters and evaluation of cadres study of inner-party supervisory system, a comprehensive grasp of guidelines for the implementation of the independent Commission against corruption-related cases of leading cadres of
35、party members, focus on strengthening key areas of project selection, funding, officials monitor, detect and rectify the problem, promote honesty in politics. Third, strengthen disciplinary investigation. Seriously the implementation of JI .Recently, the County leading bodies at the county level to
36、carry out “three trees“ practice, which is to improve the governing ability and promoting the development of XX effective measure. I carefully follow your deployment requirements, and actively participate in the “three trees“ campaign. Read Group, prepared by the Department in the near future of the
37、 ideological and political construction of leading cadres in the city reader, read the relevant information, larger harvest, inspired. I think the ability of repelling is to strengthen the partys governing capacity in questions of the construction of meaning, an important topic remains in front of p
38、arty members and cadres at all levels, we need to further explore and ponder. The ability of repelling the name suggests, is asking party members and cadres at all levels in particular, leading cadres at all levels, not only ourselves, establish a correct concept of the independent Commission agains
39、t corruption, political integrity, self-discipline, rejection of corruption, made for the people, pragmatic, honest leadership, and strengthen the sense of responsibility, earnestly implement the responsibility of uncorrupted, implementation of the baolian anti-corruption measures to ensure the real
40、ization of business-building, construction of a win-win situation. Next, I combined with their thinking, experience and contact XX practical, on how to enhance the ability of repelling, on four aspects of cognition. Irregularities, please comment. First, the construction of the propulsion system, an
41、d enhance the system of corruption since the founding of our party, have been thinking about tackling corruption. Currently, democratic legal system, management system and supervision mechanism is not perfect, administrative acts are not very standardized, Enterprise behavior and market behavior, co
42、rruption presents a diverse, pluralistic, complex trends, this shift the struggle between the two, will accompany1题 目 框架式水平平直波纹板换热器设计一、选题的目的及研究意义节约能源是当今世界的一种重要社会意识，是指尽可能的减少能源的消耗、增加能源利用率的一系列行为。加强能源管理，采取技术上可行、经济上合理以及环境和社会可以承受的措施，从能源生产到消费的各个环节，降低消耗、减少损失和污染物排放、制止浪费，有效、合理地利用能源。换热器是国民经济和工业生产领域中应用十分广泛的热量交换
43、设备，随着现代新工艺、新技术、新材料的不断开发和能源问题的日趋严重。世界各国已普遍把石油化工深度加工和能源综合利用摆到十分重要的位置。换热器因而面临着新的挑战。换热器在炼油、石油化工以及在其他工业中使用广泛，它适用于冷却、冷凝、加热、蒸发和废热回收各个方面。换热器的性能对产品质量、能量利用率以及系统运行的经济型和可靠性起着重要的作用，有时候甚至是决定性的作用。目前在发达的工业国家热回收率已达 96%。换热器设备在现代装置中约占设备总重的 30%左右。板式换热器是液液、液汽，进行热交换的理想设备。它具有换热效率高、热损失小、结构紧凑轻巧、占地面积小、安装清洗方便、应用广泛、使用寿命长等特点。在相
44、同压力损失情况下，其传热系数比管式换热器高 35 倍，占地面积为管式换热器的三分之一，热回收率高达 90%以上。二、综述与本课题相关领域的研究现状、发展趋势、研究方法及应用领域等换热器在国民经济和化工生产领域中对产品质量、能量利用率以及经济性、可靠性起着举足轻重的作用，因此开发新型高效和结构紧凑的换热器是目前换热器研究的一个重要方向。几十年来，高效换热器的开发与研究始终是人们关注的课题。据统计，在一般石油化工企业中，换热器的投资占全部投资的 40-50；在现代石油化工企业中约占 30-40；在热电厂中，如果把锅炉也作为换热设备，换热器的投资约占整个电厂总投资的 70；在制冷机中，蒸发器的质量要
45、占制冷机总质量的 30-40，其动力消耗约占总值的20-30。由此可见，换热器的合理设计和良好运行对企业节约资金、能源和空间都十分重要。提高换热器传热性能并减小其体积，在能源日趋短缺的今天更是具有明显的经济效益和社会效益。换热器按照其功能可命名，如冷凝器、蒸发器、再热器、过热器等。对于各个形式；换热器强化换热技术的研究，主要集中在对换热器内流体流态变化以及对各部件的参数优化研究两方面，而对换热器部件参数的主要研究对象就是换热管（板）排列方式（顺排或叉排）、换热管（板）排数、换热管（板）间距大小、肋片布置间距、肋片形式等。通常的研究方法包括：数值模拟计算、试验方法研究、理论研究三类。 换热器是广
46、泛应用于汽车、航空、石油化工、动力、医药、冶金、制冷、轻工、食品、工程机械等行业的一种通用设备。其内部强化传热主要有两种途径:增大传热面积,但换热器的传热面积不可能无限制地增大,否则投资费用会大大增加,并且随着工业化的进展,设备要紧凑化;提高传热系数,主要从管程和壳程传热强化系数的提高方面上考虑。换热器广泛地应用在工农业各个领域，在炼油、化工装置中换热器占总设备量和设备投资的40%左右。在换热器设备中，它具有换热效率高、热损失小、结构紧凑轻巧、占地面积小、安装清洗方便、应用广泛、使用寿命长等特点。在相同压力损失情况下，其传热系数比管式换热器高 35 倍，占地面积为管式换热器的三分之一，热回收率
47、高达 90%以上。市场供需关系是影响市场变化的主要因素，在激烈地市场竞争中，企业及投资人能否全面准确地了解自己以及所处的环境，做出适时有效的市场决策是制胜的关键。市场供需情况就是为了解行情、分析环境提供依据，是企业了解市场和把握发展方向的重要手段，是辅助企业决策的重要工具。除了一些新材料新型换热设备外，管壳式换热器需求量依然很大，如果能更近一步发展管壳式换热器，前途远大。yuan, an increase of 17.5%; local government general budget revenue of 500 million Yuan, . Painting, model cultur
48、e creates new Ma Church community, creating Lake scenic spot culture education base, received high evaluation from provincial and municipal discipline Inspection Commission, the peoples daily special report. Constantly promote independent Commission against corruption culture construction to rural e
49、xtends, created established Dahlin rural industry Park independent Commission against corruption culture positions, formed has a support “service low double excellent“ of members lead team, constantly perfect and established Park funds assets management, and village audit supervision, and villagers democratic financial, system, strengthening Park party, and Chief, and financial, full public, power
