1、大作文写作步骤：1. 看标题，找主语（数量，比例）数量：number, amount（money, time）可数 不可数比例：percentage, proportion, share2. 看 X-Y 轴3. 找规律-反常 interpret 解释（分析数据） comments 评论重要表达方式：1. 图表类型graph 图标 , table 表格, bar chart 柱状图, pie chart 饼状图2. 图标指向The graph illustrates 图表说明.The bar chart shows data for 条形图显示的数据.It can be clearly seen
2、 from the pie chart that 从饼图可以清楚地看到.3. 时间段over the past 5 years 在过去 5 年over this span of 28 years 在这 28 年的跨度during the period from March to May 在 3 月至 5 月期间throughout the period 整个期间for the rest of the period 在剩余的时间4. 动词percentage 百分比, number 数量（amount）experience huge fall 经历巨大的衰落巨大的：vast, massive,
3、enormous, immense, tremendoussomething unexpected 意外occurred 发生There be 会有Japan experienced a massive increase in car ownership in the 1930s日本在 20 世纪 30 年代经历了汽车拥有量的大幅增长5. 变化趋势1) 增加/上升/提高rise gradually（rose ） 逐渐上升climb rapidly（climbed） 迅速爬升go up significantly（went up） 显着上升rise slightly 略有上升The number
4、 experienced slight rise.数字略有上升。experience dramatic increase 经验显着增加People holding a Bachelors degree only managed a moderate increase of $5 per week.持有学士学位的人只管理每周适度增加 5 美元。2) 减少/下降drop slowly（dropped） 慢慢下降fall sharply（fell） 大幅下降go down by a big amount（went down ） 大量下跌diminish slightly（diminished） 略有
5、减少gradual decline 逐渐下降3) 保质平稳/不变remain fairly constant / steady / stable / unchanged 保持相当稳定level off 变得稳定change slightly 轻微改变earnings amongst university 在大学中的收入graduates remained fairly steady after 1985.毕业生在 1985 年以后保持相对稳定。4) 起伏/波动There are minor(small) fluctuations betweenand 在之间有较小的波动rise and fal
6、lfluctuate slightly / dramatically6. 比较compared with 和.相比in contrast to 相比之下huge difference 巨大的差异Between 1965 and 1985, there was significant(little) difference in the earnings between high school leavers and university graduates.In 1980, professionals with a Masters or a Doctoral degree earned slig
7、htly more than those with a Bachelors degree.The biggest change occurred in the period from 1985 to 1995, when high school leavers enjoyed the greatest increase in earnings.During the same period, professionals with a Doctoral degree enjoyed the same average earnings as those who had done postdoctor
8、al research.在 1965 年和 1985 年之间，高中毕业生和大学毕业生的收入之间存在显着（小）的差异。1980 年，获得硕士或博士学位的毕业生的收入略高于那些具有学士学位的毕业生。最大的变化发生在 1985 年至 1995 年期间，当时高中毕业生的收入增长最大。在同一时期，具有博士学位的专业人士享有与从事博士后研究的人相同的平均收入。7. 数值表达The rate of female smokers remained stable at 320 until 1994. 女性吸烟者的比率在 1994 年之前保持稳定在 320。The spending dropped by two
9、thirds to 14% in 1996.1996 年的支出下降了三分之二，达到 14。8. 结论in conclusion 结论是overall 总的来说consequently 因此/所以It can be concluded that 可以得出结论：9. 结论分析While peoples earnings increased according their level were far smaller than would be expected.然而人们的收入水平增加远远小于预期。Whats more interesting, however, is that the increa
10、se in earnings amongst high school leavers was far higher than the earnings for university graduates.更有趣的是，高中毕业生的收入增长远远高于大学毕业生。at+静止数值（at 15% ）by+变化数值（by about 15%）费用，花费：cost, spending, expenditure, expense替换词组： 另外：Moreover, Furthermore, Whats more, In addition, 事实上：In effect, Indeed, In fact, 因此：Co
11、nsequently （As a consequence）, Thus, Therefore, 然而：However,大作文框架：（150200 词）总体描述 It can be clearly seen from the that 主题 change during the period from 时间 1 to 时间 2.起点解释一 Firstly, we can easily find that 细节描述. 起点解释二 Whats more, 细节描述. 变化规律一 In fact, 变化规律. 变化规律二 Moreover, 变化规律. 反常现象一 However, what surpr
12、ises us most is that 反常细节. 反常现象二 Interestingly, 反常细节.There are several factors that may account for such change. 规律原因 First of all, an evident reason lies in the fact that 规律原因. 反常原因 However, 反常原因.结论 Thus, Given the analysis above, it can be concluded that 结论. 建议一 Therefore, it is fairly reasonable
13、and wise that 建议. 建议二 In addition, another suggestion is that 建议.从图表类型中可以清楚地看出，主题在时间 1 到时间 2 期间发生了变化。首先，我们很容易发现，细节描述。此外，细节描述。实际上，变化规律。此外，变化规律。然而，令我们最惊讶的是，反常细节。有趣的是，反常细节。有几个原因可以解释这种变化。首先，一个明显的原因是，规律原因。然而，反常原因。因此，根据上述分析，可以得出结论，结论。因此，建议是相当合理和明智的。另外，另一个建议是建议。 table 表格 / bar chart 柱状图 / line chart 曲线图饼状图
14、第一句：It can be clearly seen from the pie chart that 主题 massively vary based on the pie chart.从饼状图中可以清楚地看出，主题基于饼图大量地变化。No.1 大学生时间分配变化表Academic works Sports Union activities大一 50% 15% 35%大二 55% 15% 30%大三 95% 2% 3%总体解释 It can be clearly seen from the table that（主语） time using proportions of college stud
15、ents change during the period from 1st year to 3rd year. 起点解释一 In the beginning year of study, college students spent exactly half of their time doing academic works. 起点解释二 And time for union activities ranked 2nd（at 15%）and sports time least. 变化规律 Then the three shares remained fairly constant duri
16、ng the 2nd year. 反常现象 However, what surprises us most is that, during the 3rd year, the percentage of time for academic works rose dramatically to 95%, whereas time for the remaining two categories fell(shrunk) sharply to 2% and 3%.从表中可以清楚地看出，大学生的时间使用比例在第一年到第三年期间发生了变化。在学习的初期，大学生花费了一半的时间做学术工作。而社团活动的时
17、间排名第二（15） ，体育时间最少。然后三个分配在第二年保持相当稳定。然而，令我们最惊讶的是，在第三年，学术工作的时间百分比大幅上升到 95，然而其余两个类别的时间大幅下降（缩小）到 2和 3。There are several factors that may account for such changes. Firstly, it is natural for college students to use most of their time, no less than half, to do academic works. Moreover, during the first two
18、 years, sports and union activities are both essential for physical and spiritual health. In effect, spending almost all of their time on studies must result from the fact that junior students have been preparing（现在完成进行时） for graduate entrance examination.有几个原因可以解释这种变化。首先，大学生自然而然地使用他们大部分的时间，不少于一半，做学
19、术工作。此外，在头两年，体育和社团活动对身体和精神健康至关重要。实际上，花费几乎所有的时间在学习上一定是因为大三学生已经准备毕业考试。Given the analysis above, it can be concluded that（主语） time allocation of college students massively varies in different stages of enrollment. It is fairly reasonable and wise that, while the largest time share should be utilized for
20、 academic improvement, college students should not ignore the essential benefits provided by sports.根据上述分析，可以得出结论，大学生的时间分配在不同的入学阶段大不相同。这是相当合理和明智的，虽然最大的时间分配应该用于改善学习，大学生不应忽视体育的基本好处。No.2 中国居民交通工具使用变化表自行车 私家车 公交车1980 70% 0% 30%1995 30% 25% 45%2010 35% 45% 20%总体解释 It can be clearly seen from the table th
21、at the percentages of traffic tools of Chinas residents change during the period from 1980 to 2010. 起点解释一 Firstly, we can easily find that in 1980 the cyclists（the proportion of bicycle riders） accounted for the largest share, which was 70%. 起点解释二 Moreover, there was exactly no one owning a private
22、car at that time. 变化规律In effect, the percentages of private car owners rose gradually throughout the period. 反常现象一However, what surprises us most is that the proportions of cyclists dropped dramatically from 70% to 30% before they climbed slightly to 35%. 反常现象二 Interestingly, the share of bus takers
23、 just experienced opposite route(direction). 从表中可以清楚地看出，中国居民的交通工具的百分比在 1980 年到 2010 年期间发生了变化。首先，我们很容易发现，1980 年骑自行车的人占了最大的份额，为 70。此外，当时没有人拥有私家车。实际上，私家车拥有者的百分比在整个期间逐渐上升。然而，令我们最惊讶的是，骑自行车的比例从70急剧下降到 30，然后略微上升到 35。有趣的是，乘坐巴士的人的份额恰好经历了相反的路径（方向） 。There are several factors that may account for such change. 规
24、律原因 First of all, an evident reason lies in the fact that when the economy has advanced to a high degree, urban residents must tend to consider private car as the most efficient traffic tool. 反常原因 However, the modern citizen always take bicycle as their primary means either to safeguard the negative
25、 impact of climate change or improve the physical condition. 结论 Thus, it can be concluded that buses as an economical means of travel will never vanish. 建议一 Therefore, it is fairly reasonable and wise that urban dwellers should utilize bicycles as frequently as possible. 建议二 In addition, another sug
26、gestion is that有几个原因可以解释这种变化。首先，一个明显的原因是，当经济发展程度很高时，城市居民必须倾向于将私家车视为最有效的交通工具。然而，现代市民总是把自行车作为主要手段，以保护气候变化的负面影响或改善身体状况。因此，可以得出结论，公共汽车作为经济出行的手段将永远不会消失。因此，城市居民应该尽可能频繁地使用自行车是相当合理和明智的。另外，另一个建议是No.3 1985 1995 2005 201500.511.522.533.54系 列 1系 列 2我国居民年医疗开支和收入变化表（单位：万元）总体解释 It can be clearly seen from the bar
27、chart that the medical cost and total income of Chinas residents change during the period from 1985 to 2015. 起点解释 Firstly, we can easily find that both medical spending and whole income accounted for the smallest share throughout the period. 变化规律 In effect, there was enormous difference between the
28、medical expense and total income. Moreover, both data rose steadily from 1985 to 2005. 反常现象一 However, what surprises us most is that the total income fell slight from 2005 to 2015. 反常现象二 Interestingly, medical expenditure shrunk significantly during that period. 从条形图可以清楚地看出，中国居民的医疗费用和总收入在 1985 年到 20
29、15 年期间发生了变化。首先，我们可以很容易发现，医疗开支和整体收入在整个期间占比最小。实际上，医疗开支和总收入之间存在巨大差异。此外，这两个数据从 1985 年到 2005 年稳步上升。然而，令我们最惊讶的是，总收入在 2005 年到 2015 年期间略有下降。有趣的是，医疗费用在这一时期显着缩水。There are several reasons that may account for such change. 规律原因 Firstly, when economy has advanced to a high degree, Chinas resident can afford more
30、 advanced medical care, which must be based on higher cost, positively correlated to growing income. 反常原因 However, slightly decreased income may lead medical consumers to cut off their expense mostly due to the panic caused and the loss of sense of security.有几个原因可能导致这种变化。首先，当经济发展程度很高时，中国居民能够负担更高级的医疗
31、服务，这必须基于更高的成本，与收入的增长呈正相关。然而，稍微减少的收入可能导致医疗消费者切断其费用，主要是由于恐慌和失去安全感造成的。No.4 20%20%50%10%第 一 季 度第 二 季 度第 三 季 度第 四 季 度销 售 量总体解释 It can be clearly seen from the pie chart that the sales volume varies corresponding to different stage of a whole year. 起点解释一 Firstly, we can easily find that the data of the 4t
32、h quarter accounted for the smallest share, which was 10%. 起点解释二 Moreover, it is interesting that the data of the 1st quarter is precisely equal to that of 2nd quarter, which was 20%, and exactly twice as many as the data of the 4th quarter. 反常现象 However, what surprises us most is that the sales vol
33、ume in 3rd quarter accounted for the largest share, which was 50%（which reached exactly half of the total volume）.从饼图中可以清楚地看出，销售量的变化对应于一整年的不同阶段。首先，我们可以很容易发现，第四季度的数据占据最小份额，为 10。此外，有趣的是第一季度的数据与第二季度的数据精确相等，是 20%，恰好是第四季度的数据 的两倍。然而，令我们最惊讶的是，第三季度的销售量占最大份额，为 50（恰好达到总量的一半） 。六、完型词汇While, whereas, however, st
34、ill, otherwise, despite, since, barely, seldom, hardly, rarely, compared, linked, subjected, opposite, hold, argue, claim, suggest, contend, address, account for, matter, work, process, picture, paradox (paradoxical), dilemma, plausible, available (availability), community, perspective, context, according to, for example, for instance, in fact, in effect, indeed, rather (than), instead (of), comply with, conform to, turn out, in response, in terms of, in light of,equivalent, alternative.
