1、 1 本科毕业论文 （ 20 届） 英语 The Art of Satire in Gullivers Travels 外语学院学生论文独创性声明 本人郑重声明：所呈交的毕业论文是本人在导师的认真指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的研究成果。除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本论文不包含其他个人或集体已经发表的学术成果，也不包含为获得浙江万里学院或其他教育机构的学位证书而使用过的材料。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式表明。如本文涉及上述声明及任何知识产权纠纷，本人 将承担一切责任。 学生签名： _日期： _ Contents 1 Introduction.1 1.1 Signi
2、ficance of the study1 1.2 Organization of the study.2 2 Theoretical approach to satire.2 2.1 The definition of satire.2 2.2 The functions of satire3 2.3 The language features of satire .4 3 An analysis of the art of satire in Gullivers Travels.5 3.1 A brief introduction to Gullivers Travels.5 3.1.1
3、The author .6 3.1.2 The language features.6 3.2 Analyzing the art of satire in Gullivers Travels.7 3.2.1 The satiric words.8 3.2.2 The satiric sentences.9 3.2.3 The satiric writing style.10 4 Conclusion.11 Works Cited12 Acknowledgements Abstract The thesis aims to study the art of satire in Gulliver
4、s Travels. Gullivers Travels is a typical satire masterpiece by Jonathan Swift. By studying the satire in the novel, this article discusses the functions of satire, the language features of satire, etc. This article mainly focuses on analyzing the satiric words, satiric sentences and satiric writing
5、 style in the novel. Hopefully, it helps to understand and appreciate the art of satire in the wonderful masterpiece deeply. Key Words: satire functions language features摘 要 本文主旨意在研究格列佛游记中的讽刺艺术，而这部作品正是讽 刺艺术的巅峰之作 。为了研究这部作品的讽刺艺术，本文讨论了讽刺艺术的功能，讽刺艺术的语言特色等。本文重点分析小说中的讽刺词汇，讽刺句子以及讽刺的写作风格。本文希望有助于读者在深入欣赏作品的同时能
6、理解作品。 关键词 ： 讽刺 功能 语言特色 1 The Art of Satire in Gullivers Travels 1 Introduction Jonathan Swift is one of the greatest irony novelists throughout the world in 18th century. His masterpiece Gullivers Travels is also the representative of the satire. It is both a satire on human nature and a parody of t
7、he “travelers tales”. It is Swifts best known full-length work, and a classic of English literature. 1.1 Significance of the study This novel has a deep insight and a sharp critique. It exposes capitalist societys truth about policy, economy, military affairs, statutes, diplomacy and culture in Engl
8、and (Yi Guoding & Fu Rengming, 2001, p.67). It also expresses the realism and corrupt system of exploitation. Whats more, the novel has many features. For instance, the plot of the novel is ingeniously conceived, as well as its imagination. The most important feature is the art of satire that the no
9、vel has. This masterpiece has a great contribution to develop the irony fiction in England, and Gullivers Travels becomes the representative of the art of satire. This paper tries to appreciate the art of satire in this novel, including the definition, the function and language features of satire. S
10、atire is an important writing feature being used in various kinds of literary works, such as Resurrection, Animal Farm, and so on. Irony novels social value depends on its credibility and the connection between the real life and the things being satirized. If it is not based on the real life, the no
11、vel can not be a great one. In this paper, the present writer will focus on studying the relationships between the real world in 18th and the satire plot in this novel. 2 1.2 Organization of the study The research will include four parts. First of all, a general introduction to the topic of the pape
12、r, the relevant studies made by scholars both at home and abroad, and the perspective analysis the present writer is about to take. Generally speaking, this part is the significance and the organization of the satire study. The second part will focus on the available theoretical approach to satire.
13、The present writer will introduce the definition, function and language features of satire. In the third part, the writer will give a detailed analysis of satire in the famous novel Gullivers Travels. There will be a brief introduction to the novel, including the writing background, the writing styl
14、e and the language features. Then there will be a analysis about the satiric words, sentences and writing style. The fourth part is the conclusion of the paper. In this part, the writer will make a simple summary. 2 Theoretical approach to satire 2.1 The definition of satire According to Longman Adv
15、anced American Dictionary (2003, p.1275), satire is a way of talking or writing about something, in which you deliberately make them seem funny so that people will see their faults. 3 Satire relies on real things, these things may not be the things yesterday, but may be the things in the future. The
16、se things must be public and common, can hardly be noticed and without wonder, but they are obviously unreasonable and ridiculous. Because the public have already been accustomed to the phenomenon, nobody will feel strange. However, when the authors mention the hidden problem, everyone will have the
17、 same feeling as others. Satire is like a mirror to let the public look into the seated problems. Satire is also like a picture, whenever see it, nobody will forget it (Wang Junbo, 2010, p.64). This kind of satire is always in good faith, without malevolence, the writer wishes to alert the world to
18、wake up. 2.2 The functions of satire Satire has many functions, literature function and social function are the most common functions. Satire, like Cerberus, functions to mark and defend boundaries (Knight, 2004, p.13). Literature function can also be regarded as pragmatic function. The writer use s
19、atire to let the novel humorous and familiar to the public. Satire words are often very infectious and make people laugh. Whats more, satire words are full of magic, making the plot more vivid and build a relaxed atmosphere when readers enjoy them. This is also a kind of thought communication betwee
20、n author and his readers (Li Ying, 2010, p.98). Great literature is always worth to read again and again, especially some interesting and philosophy sentences or words, such as some satire words and plot. The readers will link the theory with practice and have a deeper understanding. 4 Social functi
21、on is another feature of satire. The author use some satire means to unclose the follies, abuses, or shortcomings. Some dark sides in society can not be spoken out directly, so the author skillfully uses satire to clarify his points. As foregoing paragraphs have referred to, art satire relies on rea
22、l things, but they are inconspicuous. After authors point out clearly, it will has struck a responsive chord in the hearts of readers (Li Ying, 2010, p.122). We use a word but expect others to recognize that there is more to what we are saying than the uses of everyday language. The dialogues and th
23、e personality of Socrates create the possibility of a meaning that is latent, hidden or implied (Colebrook, 2004, p.2). Satire can not only explore some deep social problems or some humanity problems arising wherefrom, but also give well-meaning advice in order to caution the public. 2.3 The languag
24、e features of satire Satire has owned lively language features. Satire language often contains typical character and style of the language. It is narrated in a wit and nifty way, and full of humor. The tone and rhythm in sentences differ from man to man. When the writer describes workers, farmers, s
25、oldiers, officers, students, businessmen, evil gentries, bandits, etc, characters language always accord with their identities, vocations and traits. It makes the satire tone more intense and the language more exaggerated. Additionally, it creates more typically fresh and alive portraits, so that th
26、e portraits can be deeply rooted in peoples minds. Satire language also has another feature, it is often written in a popular style, in order to make it closer to real life. All novels which win universal praises are based on real life, but sometimes bigger than life. Because their works are usually
27、 written with the view of an unimportant person, and this small potato always lives in the substrata of society. Such as Gullivers travels, 5 the protagonist plays disparate roles in different countries throughout the novel, but all his parts are unimportant person in the big society. Satire languag
28、e is usually very imaginative, so that it can gain artistic effect. Satire by its nature and conventions generates irony (Test, 1991, p.151). Irony novels sometimes use mimetic words and color words, or maybe use metaphor, exaggerated, comparison and metonymic transfer to make the language visual an
29、d readable. 3 An analysis of the art of satire in Gullivers Travels It is well known that Gullivers Travels can be ranked among the greatest satirical works of the world literature. This novel is far more than just a adventure legend of the surgeon Gulliver. Through the book Jonathan Swift pointed o
30、ut and strongly satirized the evils of the ruling class, bourgeoisie. Although the novel is full of sharp and bitter satire, he cherished a great love and good will for the common people. 3.1 A brief introduction to Gullivers Travels The novel begins with a very short preamble in which Gulliver give
31、s a brief outline of his life and history prior to his voyages. He enjoys travelling, although it is his love of travel that causes his downfall. At last, He returns to his home in England, but he is unable to reconcile himself to live among Yahoos and becomes a recluse, remaining in his house, largely avoiding his family and his wife, and spending several hours a day speaking with the horses in his stables. The novel presents itself as a simple travelers narrative with the disingenuous title Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World, its
