1、1目 录农业-2农场牧场-3耕作-4农机设备-6农牧产品-72012年政府工作报告中涉及的农业问题-92农业land, soil 土壤arable land, tilled land 耕地dry soil 旱田fertile soil 沃土,肥沃的土壤humus 腐殖质irrigable land 水浇地lean soil, poor soil 贫瘠土壤wasteland, barren land 荒地grass 草grassland 草地meadow 草甸prairie 大草原pasture land 牧场to lie fallow 休闲fallow 休闲地stubble, stubble
2、field 亩茬地straw, hay 稿杆rural population 农村人口3rural exodus 农村迁徙land reform, agrarian reform 土地改革mechanization of farming 农业机械化mechanized farming 机械化耕作farm 农场cattle farm 奶牛场ranch 大农场,牧场hacienda 庄园holding 田产plot, parcel, lot 地块cooperative farm 合作农场collective farm 集体农场country, countryside 农村countryman 农民
3、,农民countrywoman 农民,农妇agronomist 农学家latifundium, large landed estate 大农场主farmer 农户producer 农业工人settle 佃户landowner 地主,土地拥有者absentee landlord 外居地主4smallholder, small farmer 小农rancher 牧场主tenant farmer, leaseholder 土地租用人sharecropper 佃农ploughman 农民,犁田者farm labourers农场工人,农业工人 (美作:farm laborers)farm hand 农场
4、短工cattle farmer 牧场工人cowherd, cowboy 牛仔shepherd 牧人fruit grower 果农vinegrower 葡萄栽植者vintager 采葡萄者farming, husbandry 农业animal husbandry, animal breeding 畜牧业dairy farming 乳品业,乳牛业horticulture 园艺market gardening 商品蔬菜种植业fruit growing 果树栽培vinegrowing, viticulture 葡萄栽培olive growing 油橄榄栽培5arboriculture 树艺学silvi
5、culture 造林学agricultural products, farm products农产品foodstuffs 食品dairy produce, dairy products 乳制品dairy industry 乳品加工业crop year, farming year 农事年season 季节agricultural, commodities market 农业市场livestock 牲畜农场牧场farmhouse 农舍pasture 牧场overalls 稻草人haystacks 大干草垛silo 筒仓granary 谷仓outbuildings 附属建筑barn, shed 棚g
6、ranary, grain store 粮仓6chicken house 鸡场windmill 磨坊implement shed 农具房grain silo 谷粮仓hayloft 干草棚stable 畜栏litter 褥草cowshed 牛棚corral 围栏dairy barn 挤奶厂pigpen 猪圈 (美作:hog pen)sheep pen, fold 羊圈rabbit hutch 兔窝hen house, henroost 鸡舍incubator, brooder 孵卵室laying house 产蛋室watering trough, drinking trough 饮水器pigle
7、t 猪仔boar 公猪feeding trough, feed trough 喂食器feeding rack, manger, crib 饲槽greenhouse, glasshouse 温室7nursery 苗圃seedbed 苗床threshing floor 打谷场manure heap, dung heap 麦堆field 田地corn field 麦地furrow 沟,渠ridge 垅clod 土块terrace 梯田haystack, hayrick 草垛shock 禾捆堆sheaf 禾捆plantation 栽植cabbage patch 圆白菜地tomato patch 土豆地
8、vineyard 葡萄园kitchen garden 菜园market garden 商品菜园orchard 果园耕作8land tenure 土地所有制tenancy, leasing, lease 租佃land settlement policy 殖民政策,移民政策land consolidation 土地集约to cultivate, to farm 耕作to till, to manage, to run 经营dry farming 旱作农业irrigated farming 浇灌农业extensive cultivation 粗放耕作intensive cultivation 集约耕
9、作crop rotation 轮作mixed farming 多种经营single-crop farming 单一经营to clear 采伐to weed 除草to plough 犁,耕 (美作:to plow)ploughing 耕作 (美作:plowing)to fallow, to plough up, to turn 休闲to loosen 松土to dig 挖掘to earth up 覆土to harrow, to rake 耙9to grow 栽培to plant 栽植to transplant, to plant out 移植seed 种子to sow 播种broadcastin
10、g, broadcast sowing 撒播to stake 支木柱stake 支柱to prune 修剪,整枝pruning 修剪,整枝to graft 嫁接to harvest 收获harvest, harvesting 收获reaping 收割to pick 采摘picking 采摘to cut, to mow 刈割cutting, mowing 刈割to thresh 脱粒threshing 脱粒haymaking 割晒牧草to bind(into sheaves) 捆,扎10to ensile, to pit 青贮soil improvement, soil dressing 土壤改良land reclamation 开垦荒地irrigation ditch, irrigation channel 灌渠manure 肥料to manure 施肥fertilizer 化学肥料to fertilize 施化肥spreading 撒布to fumigate 熏蒸to spray 喷射insecticide 杀虫剂pesticide 农药weed killer, herbicide 除草剂pest 农业害虫parasite 寄生虫locust 蝗虫termite 白蚁rodent 啮齿类weeds 杂草rust 锈病smut 黑穗病
