1、Translation means translating meaningTake the initiative 采取主动With (ones) tongue in (ones) cheek/tongue in cheek 无诚意的，假心假意的Everyday things 日常事情Have a passion for 对极度热爱Poverty line 贫困线Spring from 发源于，出身于In any company 在任何交际场合，在客人面前They prefer to discipline themselves rather than be disciplined by othe
2、rs他们宁愿自律，而不愿受制于人 Prefer.rather than 的两种用法Preferto/rather than 后面可接名词，代词，动名词作比较，两个作比较的部分在形式上保持一致Preferrather than 后面接动词不定式做宾语，其中 prefer 接不带 to 的不定式，rather than 接不带 to 的不定式They pride themselves on their independence, their right to make up their own minds他们为能独立行事和有权做出自己的决定而感到自豪 Pride oneself on/upon s
3、omething 是以感到自豪He pride himself on his ability to speak 20 languages Take a pride in sth 以自豪，对 感到得意She takes pride in writing beautiful essaysI am preparedThey will take any sort of job anywhere rather than be unemployed他们愿意到任何地方干任何工作，而不愿意失业不少情况下，rather than 不连在一起用，而是 rather 和 than 后面分别跟动词，表示宁可而不 的意
4、思此外，rather than 还有与其说不如说.，不是而是 的意思They love to boast, though often with tongue in cheek他们喜欢自吹自擂，尽管多数情况下只不过是说说而已With tongues in their cheeks, they say they will honor the agreementCAN 与表示时间，频率的状语连用，而是作为“有时候”解No high hope for their future对未来不报太大希望It is said/stated/asserted 和 it is a well-known fact据说，
5、有人说，众所周知The manual worker is usually quite at ease in any company体力劳动者在任何场合通常都相当自在No exception(无复数) 没有例外，无一例外Be typical of 特有的，独特的We, or the things we do, are typical of our nationThat is typical of him 只有他才能干得出来Individuals different 个性差异Place emphasis on 重视，强调Stem from 起源于，由 造成At first thought 乍一想L
6、ess apparent at first thought is that much of what was once said to be typically American is often no longer just American乍一想不那么明显的是，许多过去曾被说成只有美国人才会做的事情，现在常常不再仅仅是美国人在做了Take hold 生根，固定下来I advised him to get rid of his bad habit before it could take holdConvenience food 方便食品Frozen food 速冻食品A throw-awa
7、y culture 使用一次性物品的生活方式Generation gap 代沟Similarly, to talk about a car culture, a throw-away culture, or the generation gap as exclusively American concerns makes little sense today同样的，如果今天还说以车代步的生活方式和热衷于使用一次性物品的生活习惯，或者代沟问题只有美国人关注，那就没有什么意义了KGB is a multi-purpose, clandestine arm of power more than an
8、 intelligence or counter-intelligence organization与其说克格勃是个情报或反情报组织，不如说它是个具有多种目的的秘密权力机构Flood of immigrantsIt was not so much her appearance he liked as her character与其说他喜欢她的外表，不如说喜欢她的性格Take every opportunity抓住一切机会While abroad 在国外的时候Ethnic minorities 少数民族Ethnic 种族的the White race, the Yellow race, the
9、Black raceraceethnic groupsracial conflict 种族冲突ethnic conflict 民族冲突或族裔冲突market yourselfa picture of asit is not just Britishs breathing in which makes it so international, but also its breathing out英国之所以成为如此国家化的国家，不仅仅在于她所吸收国外的人力和物力资源，而且还在于她向国外输出其人力和物力资源tens of thousands of students in their “gap” ye
10、ar inflict themselves o India and Australia数万学生在工作尚未找到之前，不邀自请地前往印度和澳大利亚谋生With+名词+现在分词The ticket hall, which is just below street-level, is a vast circular hall with showcases, hired by various stores, let into the walls售票厅是个宽敞的圆形大厅，那里摆放着许多嵌进墙壁的展品陈列橱窗，出租给各种商店The British Commonwealth 英联邦I leave Beijin
11、g tonight, Mr. Premier, heartened with the agreements we have reached, cheered by the frankness and fullness of our discussion, grateful for the hospitality you have accorded our party总理先生，今晚我就要离开北京，我们所达成的协议使我受到鼓舞，我们坦率而又充分的会谈使我感到高兴，你们给予我们一行的款待，十分感激On credit 以赊账方式The bank or credit-card company settl
12、es the clients bills, invoicing him monthly and charging interest on any outstanding debts银行或信用卡公司结清客户的账单，按月给客户开列其消费清单，收取欠款的利息Generous at first, he became stingy with his money after marriage省略主谓语的短语结构，其主语必须与主句中的主语保持一致，这种结构在英语语法中叫做五动词分句起初，他慷慨大方，但婚后他变得吝啬钱财Although credit cards are becoming a more acc
13、eptable part of the financial scene, they are still regarded with suspicion by many as being a major part of the “live now, pay later” syndrome以怀疑眼光看待,为了生活先购物，欠款后再支付虽然信用卡正成为金融业越来越能接受的付款方式，但许多人依然心存疑虑，把信用卡看成是“寅吃卯粮“的生活方式的主要表现It is only the foolhardy who succumb to the temptation to live, temporarily at
14、 least, beyond their means, and such people would no doubt manage to do so even without credit cards只有没有头脑的人才经不起诱惑去过入不敷出的日子，至少暂时如此，其实，即使没有信用卡，这种人也无疑会这样做his uncle has managed to live within his means, but his aunt always lives beyond her means他的舅舅设法过着量入为出的日子，但他的阿姨则总是入不敷出It is worth your while shoppin
15、g around =timeShop around 到处看看后再买Decide on 选定，决定vi. + on 动词短语sit on a potential goldmine有大发横财的机会Late fees 滞纳金Fertilized ovum 受精卵Critical point 临界点Planned economy 计划经济For its size 就其体积而言Number in the thousands rather than in the billins只能数以千计，不是数以亿计The instant (that)That we might like to define “thin
16、king” in terms of the creativity that goes into writing a great play or composing a great symphony, in conceiving a brilliant scientific theory or a profound ethical judgment我们也许喜欢用创造力，那种用于创作伟大剧本，谱写伟大交响曲，构思卓越科学理论，创立深奥理论观点的创造力，来界定思考的意义Hot-oil death matchTo suppose anything else is to suppose that the
17、re is more to the human brain tan the matter that composes it如果假设电脑还有什么更高超的本事的话，那就等于假设人脑除了构成它的物质之外还有其他什么别的东西It is tantamount to saying 那就等于说More is meant than meets the ear言外之意The researchers reckon that bosses themselves are as much to blame as anybody for the state of affairs研究人员认为，老板们也应对这种状况负责som
18、e companies envisaged two-tier management: a highly-paid group of mobile generalists on the fast track and a second, more sedate group destined for a gentler pace from plateau to plateau有的公司采取双层管理制，高薪聘请一组快速反应的多面手，同时聘请一班按部就班，沉稳办事的管理人员Every foot soldier will be silent and attentive, wait for orders an
19、d reserve his fire until he is sure of doing execution每个步兵都枕戈待旦，整装待命，一旦出击，必歼强敌ATM: AUTOMATIC TELLER MACHINEBasket case: a person or a thing regarded as useless or unable to cope withAs with other triumphs of the mass market, they are reached a point when people forget what it was like before they ex
20、isted就像大宗产品市场上的其他畅销货一样，手机的普及已经使得人们忘记手机出现之前生活是什么样子The same is true for (or with)同样如此As the economics of all countries and regions are closely interrelated, no country or region can develop in self-seclusion . the same is true with China所有的国家个地区的经济都是相互关联的，没有哪个国家个地区是在自我封闭的状态下得到发展的Critical workers neede
21、d at a moments notice召之即来的急救人员Commit no nuisance 此处不准小便No nuisance here 此处不准倒垃圾Subject sb/sth. to sth. 使 sb/sth 经历或遭受I will ask the next person I meet回头我遇到人就问Cell phones, an irresistible force, will soon pull ahead手机是一股不可阻挡的力量，其用户将很快超过固定电话Price-chopping 砍价的Take to the streets 上街游行Self-employment 个体经
22、营Crack down 对采取严厉制裁措施Roll back 使褪去，使会降the number of insecure freelance positions is rising (as are working hours) while stable jobs with good benefits are being cut从事没有保障的自由职业的人数（及其工作时间）正在增加，而稳定的，福利又好的工作岗位则在减少Laid-off workers 下岗工人We free agents needed big corporation less than needed us与其说我们这些自由择业人需
23、要大公司，不如说大公司更需要我们这些人The rule holds in any case这条规则适用于任何情况The offer we made to you last week still holds我们上周发出的要约仍然有效Silk leave 病假Governments are cracking down on excess sick days taken by overworked employees政府正在对劳动过度的工人的超期病假采取限制措施Extended family 大家庭Beyond the capability 束手无策he was touched beyond wor
24、ds她感动得无法用言辞形容His article has been changed beyond recoginition他的文章被改的面目全非Be coupled with和 联系在一起Makeimpossible 使 成为可能Throw (toss, put, cast) on the scrapheap 把仍在废物堆上Many people think they will enjoy their time in retirement, but when it does come it may fail to satisfy许多人认为，退休后将颐养天年，但当他们真的退休了，却发现退休生活也
25、许满足不了他们的这一心愿Only 41 percent of the women, as against 62 percent of the men, preferred to retire at the pensionable age只有 41%的妇女愿意在可领退休金的年龄退休，而男性中却有 62%的人愿意这样做As against与 比较，与相对照Would have opted 本来会那样做，但实际上却没有那样做On a basis 表示时间频度On a regular basis 定期Better wear out than rust our与其锈掉不如用坏；与其闲死不如忙死At be
26、st 从最为乐观的角度来看 最多，充其量Reluctance among men to retire was associated with anticipated deprivation, mainly of money rather than of attachment to work男性不愿意退休，与他们预想中将要失去的东西有关。其中主要是失去赚钱的机会，而不是失去对工作的依恋之情On ones own term 按自己定的条件Retirement is believed to be necessary for all working people sometime in their l
27、ife大家认为工作的人终归要退休Jacobson remarked that for both sexes a favorable orientation towards retirement appeared to reflect constraints or resignation rather than chiceJacobson 指出，无论是男是女，工人们在退休问题上所表现的赞同倾向，看来并不表明退休是他们的自愿选择，而是反映了他们所受到的种种制约及无可奈何的心态They had no wish to change the system itself, or if they did,
28、through idealistic, utopian schemes他们并不希望改变制度本身，即使他们有这种愿望，那也只是想通过乌托邦式的理想主义方案来改变Standing together, we can further peace and security,. Great nations, if adversaries, cannot draw from each others strengths站在一起，我们就能推进和平和安全。如果伟大的国家互相为敌，那么，我们无法相互汲取长处Before Jack London, the fiction dealing with the workin
29、g class was characterized by sympathy for labour and the underprivileged, but chiefly in the spirit of Christian principles of brotherhood, proclaiming as its massage that if only labour and capital could be persuaded to follow the teachings of Christ, all social and economic problems could be solve
30、d在杰克伦敦之前，以工人阶级为题材的小说有这样的特点，即同情劳工和社会地位低下的人们，但这种同情主要出于基督教提倡的兄弟友爱精神。这些小说公开宣扬这样的思想：只要能说服劳资双方遵从基督教教义，那么一切社会问题和经济问题都能解决Jack London poured into his writing all the pain of his life, the fierce hatred of the bourgeoisie that it had produced in him, and the conviction it had brought to him that the world cou
31、ld be made a better place to live in if the exploited would rise up and take the management of society out of the hands if the exploiters杰克伦敦在作品中写下了他生活中遭受过的一切痛苦，倾诉了这种痛苦在他的心中形成的对资产阶级的刻骨仇恨和给他带来的这样的一种信念：如果被剥削者能站起来，从剥削者手中夺取社会管理权，那么世界就会变成一个热人们有好日子过的地方Canada has long subscribed to the view that no state s
32、hould use its territory or allow it to be used in such a way as to injure the environment of another state or of the “international commons”长期以来，加拿大一致认为，任何国家都不应该用自己的领土或允许别国利用其领土来破坏另一个国家或国际社会的环境The complexities of combining the needs of a working mother with the needs of her employer are illustrated by the case of Jessical Starmer既要照顾就业母亲的需要，又要适应其雇主的需要，其间的复杂性可以以杰西
