1、A nine-year-old schoolgirl single-handedly cooks up a science-fair experiment that ends up debunking（揭穿的真相）a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosas target was a practice known as therapeutic（治疗的）touch(TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients “energy field” to make them feel better
2、 and even, say some, to cure them of various ills. Yet Emilys test shows that these energy fields cant be detected, even by trained TT practitioners（行医者）. Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the situation, Journal editor George Lundberg appeared on TV to declare, “Age doesnt matter. Its good
3、 science that matters, and this is good science.”Emilys mother Linda Rosa, a registered nurse, has been campaigning against TT for nearly a decade. Linda first thought about TT in the late 80s, when she learned it was on the approved list for continuing nursing education in Colorado. Its 100,000 tra
4、ined practitioners (48,000 in the U.S.) dont even touch their patients. Instead, they waved their hands a few inches from the patients body, pushing energy fields around until theyre in “balance.” TT advocates say these manipulations can help heal wounds, relieve pain and reduce fever. The claims ar
5、e taken seriously enough that TT therapists are frequently hired by leading hospitals, at up to $70 an hour, to smooth patients energy, sometimes during surgery.Yet Rosa could not find any evidence that it works. To provide such proof, TT therapists would have to sit down for independent testing-som
6、ething they havent been eager to do, even though James Randi has offered more than $1 million to anyone who can demonstrate the existence of a human energy field. (Hes had one taker so far. She failed). A skeptic might conclude that TT practitioners are afraid to lay their beliefs on the line. But w
7、ho could turn down an innocent fourth-grader? Says Emily: “I think they didnt take me very seriously because Im a kid.”The experiment was straightforward: 21 TT therapists stuck their hands, palms up, through a screen. Emily held her own hand over one of theirsleft or rightand the practitioners had
8、to say which hand it was. When the results were recorded, theyd done no better than they would have by simply guessing. If there was an energy field, they couldnt feel it.16. Which of the following is evidence that TT is widely practiced?A、TT has been in existence for decades.B、Many patients were cu
9、red by therapeutic touch.C、TT therapists are often employed by leading hospitals.D、More than 100,000 people are undergoing TT treatment.17. Very few TT practitioners responded to the $1 million offer because _ .A、they didnt take the offer seriouslyB、they didnt want to risk their careerC、they were un
10、willing to reveal their secretD、they thought it was not in line with their practice18. The purpose of Emily Rosas experiment was _ .A、to see why TT could work the way it didB、to find out how TT cured patients illnessesC、to test whether she could sense the human energy fieldD、to test whether a human
11、energy field really existed19. Why did some TT practitioners agree to be the subjects of Emilys experiment?A、It involved nothing more than mere guessing.B、They thought it was going to be a lot of fun.C、It was more straightforward than other experiments.D、They sensed no harm in a little girls experim
12、ent. 20. What can we learn from the passage?A、Some widely accepted beliefs can be deceiving.B、Solid evidence weights more than pure theories.C、Little children can be as clever as trained TT practitioners.D、The principle of TT is too profound to understand. . Passage ThreeWhat might driving on an aut
13、omated highway be like? The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special purpose lane system, in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system: fully automated vehicles
14、 would share the road with partially automated or manually driven cars. A special-purpose lane system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways, but it promises the greatest gains in freeway(高速公路) capacity.Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired desti
15、nation, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system was in place, automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitable equipped roads. If special-purpose lanes were ava
16、ilable, the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use a special onramp（入口引道）. As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway, devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to asc
17、ertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests, the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case, the transition from manual to automated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative te
18、chnique could employ conventional lanes, which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a “transition” lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic. (The limitation
19、 of these lanes to automated traffic would, presumably, be well respected, because all trespassers（非法进入者） could be swiftly identified by authorities.)Either approach to joining a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic
20、 control here should allow for smooth merging, without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. And once a vehicle had settled into automated travel, the driver would be free to release the wheel, open the morning paper or just relax.21. We learn from the first paragraph that two systems
21、 of automated highways _.A) are being planned C) are now in wide useB) are being modified D) are under construction22. A special-purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that_.A)it would require only minor changes to existing highwaysB)it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiencyC
22、)it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehiclesD) it offers more lanes for automated vehicles23. Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highway?A)Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to their destinations.B)A car can join existing t
23、raffic any time in a mixed lane system.C) The driver should inform his car computer of his destination before driving onto it.D) The driver should share the automated lane with those of regular vehicles.24. We know from the passage that a car can enter a special-purpose lane_.A)by smoothly merging w
24、ith cars on the conventional laneB)by way of a ramp with electronic control devicesC) through a specially guarded gateD) after all trespassers are identified and removed25. When driving in an automated lane, the driver_.A)should harmonize with newly entering carsB)doesnt have to rely on his computer
25、 systemC) should watch out for potential accidentsD) doesnt have to hold on to the steering wheel . Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Taking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured b
26、y your ability to solve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels; and to resolve abstract equations quickly. This vision of intelligence asserts formal education and bookish excellence as the true measures of self-fulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that
27、 has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who has more educational merit badges, who is very good at some form of school discipline is “intelligent.” Yet mental hospitals are filed with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A truer in
28、dicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life lived each day and each present moment of every day.If you are happy, if you live each moment for everything its worth, then you are an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inabilit
29、y to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intelligent. You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the big N.B.D.Nervous Break Down.“Intelligent” people do not have N.B.D.s because th
30、ey are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression, because they know how to deal with the problems of their lives.You can begin to think of yourself as truly intelligent on the basis of how you choose to feel in the face of trying circumstances. The life struggles are
31、 pretty much the same for each of us. Everyone who is involved with other human beings in any social context has similar difficulties. Disagreements, conflicts and compromises are a part of what it means to be human. Similarly, money, growing old, sickness, deaths, natural disasters and accidents ar
32、e all events which present problems to virtually all human beings. But some people are able to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression and unhappiness despite such occurrences, while others collapse or have an N.B.D. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and dont measure happiness by a
33、n absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most rare.26. According to the author, the conventional notion of intelligence measured in terms of ones ability to read, write and compute _.A) is a widely held but wrong concept C) is the root of all mental distressB)
34、 will help eliminate intellectual prejudice D) will contribute to ones self-fulfillment27. It is implied in the passage that holding a university degree _.A)may result in ones inability to solve complex real-life problemsB)does not indicate ones ability to write properly worded documentsC) may make
35、one mentally sick and physically weakD) does not mean that one is highly intelligent28. The author thinks that an intelligent person knows _.A)how to put up with some very prevalent mythsB)how to find the best way to achieve success in lifeC) how to avoid depression and make his life worthwhileD) ho
36、w to persuade others to compromise29. In the last paragraph, the author tells us that _.A)difficulties are but part of everyones lifeB)depression and unhappiness are unavoidable in lifeC) everybody should learn to avoid trying circumstancesD) good feelings can contribute to eventual academic excelle
37、nce30. According to the passage, what kind of people are rare?A)Those who dont emphasize bookish excellence in their pursuit of happiness.B)Those who are aware of difficulties in life but know how to avoid unhappiness.C) Those who measure happiness by an absence of problems but seldom suffer from N.
38、B. D.s.D)Those who are able to secure happiness though having to struggle against trying circumstances Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone
39、. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to ones side, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War I
40、I and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that “Gift” means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arms length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which
41、 makes Americans uncomfortable.Our linguistic (语言上的) and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and language of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.Even here in the United States, we make few co
42、ncessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four language on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual（多语的）guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportatio
43、n systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those nativesusually the richerwho speak English. Our bus
44、iness dealings, as well as the nations diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all, America was the most powerful country of the free world, the distributor of needed funds and goods.But
45、all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand
46、in the important decisions of the next century, even tough it may not always be the upper hand.21.It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably .A) stand still B) jump aside C) step forward D) draw back22.The author gives many examples to cri
47、ticize Americans for their .A)cultural self-centeredness C) indifference towards foreign visitorsB) casual manners D) arrogance towards other cultures23.In countries other than their own most Americans .A) are isolated by the local peopleB) are not well informed due to the language barrierC) tend to
48、 get along well with the nativesD) need interpreters in hotels and restaurants24.According to the author, Americans cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will_.A)affect their image in the new eraB) cut themselves off from the outside worldC) limit their role in world affairsD) weaken the posit
49、ion of the US dollar25.The authors intention in writing this article is to make Americans realize that_.A)it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friendsB) it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairsC) it is necessary to use several languages in public placesD) it is time to get acquainted with other cultures.In department stores and closets all over the world, they are waiting. Their outward appearance seems rather appealing because they come in a variety of styles, textur
