1、在文勇的网站 会定期更新黄金精选阅读最新版本,欢迎热心同学定期转载1M文勇的新托福精选阅读（原黄金 29 篇）真题2010 年 4 月 15 日 5.9 版本俺常常收到同学们的邮件，要我推荐各种各样阅读材料,问我 iBT 的复习资料中 Barron, Longman, Delta 等等哪个更好。我其实很无奈-因为尽管这些机构很大牌,但大牌丝毫都不意味着文章“质量高”(比如你可以想想三鹿奶粉)- 说这些机构的文章质量不高,并不是说文字写得不好, 而是说这些文章的句子结构, 论述方式, 出题思路与ETS 的并不一致( 有时候甚至大相径庭)：用这样的材料训练，实在是 事倍功半。于是，我们实在应该去
2、找找由 ETS 出的 iBT 文章来做：（我们能够找到的 |由 ETS 编纂的标准 iBT 文章有）1. OG1之中的 13 篇文章 2；（其中 3 篇为第三版 OG 之中的文章）2. 13 次（套）TPO 3之中的 3*13=39 篇文章 4；3. 早期 5报名之时 ETS 赠送的 3 篇在线测试题4. ETS 官方给出的模考软件之中抽出的 1 篇文章； 于是这个文档在我的一时兴起之下，出现了：OG拿在手上，可以一个个字的敲成电子版； TPO的所有考试都是在自己的计算机进行，于是可以一边花钱参加考试, 一边截图与录像-再利用截下来的图片，逐个的敲下来；早期的 ETS赠送的3篇在线测试题，我也
3、恰好有电子版本；官方的模考软件稍微用点功夫，就能将文章提取并复制出来。虽然工作有些繁杂，但总算完成了所有文章的敲打工作。再花了些时间，把这53篇文章都做了答案，附在文章的后面。 （由于TPO 之中有3篇文章与OG中完全重复, 于是减去3篇,只剩下53篇。 ）同时我还更正了OG 上几个明显的错误 （详见文后附录）当然，我还做出了方便大家理解文章的参考译文，附在文章的后面。在这 53 篇由 ETS 出的文章没有做完之前 ，我们实在不应该花时间在任何其他的题目之上。我有时候甚至会对着我的弟兄们高呼：“没有把这 53 篇做遍，你好意思上考场么？你好意思花钱在任何一本垃圾书上面么？ 6”另外，如果你正在
4、准备 iBT-SAT-GRE 的作文部分或者写留学文书，也应该仔细的琢磨一下这些文章：经过ETS 打磨的文章，无一不是精妙绝伦，极具模仿价值。常常有同学拜托我帮她（他）写 PS，也说起自己的句子怎么看都像是小学生写的（尽管用上了 GRE 里面的单词） ，于是会随口问我“勇哥，您的写作能力是怎么训练出来的。”我说， “看呗，看呗：托福文章看多了，写作能力自然就提高了。 ”“这 ETS 的这些文章真的那么好？” 。每当听到这个问题，我都会装做赵本山的样子来一句“谁用谁知道” 文勇欢迎进行未删节的转载|且不必告诉我你转载到哪里去|都是一个战壕里面的弟兄啊1 Official Guide 官方指南，由
5、 ETS 提供的 iBT 考试指南；2 Applied Arts and Fine Arts 一文属于 ETS 范例文章,故题目不全；3 TOEFL Practice Online: http:/toeflpractice.ets.org/ (由 ETS 提供的，要给 44.95 美刀一次的真题考试)；4 现在报名之后，赠送的是一套 Mini Test， 只有 1 篇文章 13 道题目；5 大家都知道，我是一个温和的人；在文勇的网站 会定期更新黄金精选阅读最新版本,欢迎热心同学定期转载2M告诉大家一个好消息，本文档中的 TPO1-TPO9，以及在线测试题和官方模考题目的解析已经在市面上可以买
6、到了！（好吧，我承认以下显然是广告部分）：这本托福真题详解-阅读分卷-第一册是给弟兄们现在市面上可以获得的 TPO1-TPO9 阅读部分的文章解析，题目解析，中文翻译和每篇文章的必备词汇：文章解析是为了让大家养成从整体抓文章结构的感觉，题目解析是为了使大家能够在做完题之后知道正确选项为什么对，错误选项为什么错并且因此来培养良好的做题思路，中文翻译是为了帮助大家扫除那些自以为理解对但实际理解有误的句子，在每篇文章后面配上必备词汇无非是为了节省大家的一些查单词而已。另外，这本书还包含了一张 CD（我想你可能第一次听说阅读书籍里面包含 MP3 光盘的）走在路上的时候，不妨“听一听”阅读文章不但熟悉词
7、句，甚至还能练练听力呢：）尽管托福被划分成为了听说读写四个方面，但我想不会有人拒绝在熟悉阅读文本的同时，提高听力。当当网的链接 http:/ ETS,版权啥的自然都来自 ETS,这一点毫无疑问,由于教务繁忙,估计各种错误是少不了的,如果你发现了错误且有空的话,就拜托你发邮件告诉我一下吧)( M)我都会在文档的附录中标记你的贡献，若找到五处以上的错误，免费电话答疑；若找到十处以上直接请吃饭：)在文勇的网站 会定期更新黄金精选阅读最新版本,欢迎热心同学定期转载4MIntroductionMany students sent me E-mail, asking me to recommend so
8、me reading materials. Of assorted iBT preparing materials, Barron, Longman, Delta, etc, which is the best? As often as not, I feel at a loss: does brand equal to quality? These branded institutions are highly publicized, however, their passages and questions are not necessarily of quality. Does the
9、brand “Sanlu” mean something to you? “QUALITY and safety are the foundations of social harmony,” proclaim posters at the headquarters of the Sanlu Group, until recently one of Chinas biggest producers of milk powder. Now we all know that Sanlu Scandal has been more than an embarrassment. To say that
10、 these “branded” passages are not of quality does not mean they are not stylish, elegant or carefully-written; in fact, I discovered that the passage types, sentence patterns, arguing methods, and arrangement of questions are not quite consistent with, and sometimes even wildly divergent from those
11、of ETS. I reflect that practicing with these materials cannot expect a satisfactory result. At this, we should collect ETSs original passages and questions. Such passages available include:1. 13 passages in Official Guide (OG);2. 13 sets from TPO, with 3 passages included in each set, 39 passages in
12、 total;3. 3 passages provided by ETS to the applicants for a test on line in the early time of iBT,4. 1 passage extracted from the simulated exam software provided by ETS;(3 passages in TPO are abstracted from OG, so they are exactly the same) Then, I cannot resist the temptation to make such a text
13、: I typed every letter of the 13 passages in OG into computer; I paid dollars for the TPO and completed it myself, filming the screen and capturing every page. Then I typed all the passages with the help of videos and captured pictures. The 3 passages in the on-line test happened to be available to
14、me; and as for the one passage in the simulated exam, though with a little difficulty, I nevertheless succeeded make an electronic text of it. Of course, I finished all these questions and attached the answer to end of this text. Eventually, the final “deluxe” edition of this text, including 53 pass
15、ages in aggregate (3 passages in TPO are abstracted from OG, so they are exactly the same. Then taking 3 from 56 leaves 53 passages at last. ) I insist that before carefully finished and studied these 53 passages, we should not let ourselves distracted by any other materials. Sometimes, I yelled to
16、my students, only a joke, “If you had not studied these passages and questions 3 times at least, how could you be barefaced enough to sit in the exam room? Shame on you to waste your mothers money buying other costly books!” In addition, have you got ants in your pants every time you make a stab at
17、writing? Do you go berserk for your personal statement? If you are preparing for the iBT, SAT, GRE, etc, writing, essays, or your personal statement, these passages can also be of help: polished by ETS, words, sentence, and structures of these passages are “epic”, and worth imitating for none-native
18、 English users. Frequently, friends asked me to help with their personal statement, complaining why what they had written looked so nave, immature and awkward, even littered with those “glorious noble” GRE words (Actually, these words made their personal statement even freak!). And they asked, “Weny
19、ong, my brother, how you forged your impressive writing skills?” I said, “Read! Read! And read again! The more you read, the better you write.” “Are these iBT passages really so amazing?” I affected a tone of a comedian, “try them!”How good can these passages be? “They are golden, they are precious,
20、 they are diamonds!”YoursWenyong在文勇的网站 会定期更新黄金精选阅读最新版本,欢迎热心同学定期转载5M目录1.APPLIED ARTS AND FINE ARTS.72.THE ORIGINS OF CETACEANS .123.DESERT FORMATION .194.EARLY CINEMA .285.AGGRESSION .376.ARTISANS AND INDUSTRIALIZATION.467.SWIMMING MACHINES .558.NINETEENTH-CENTURY POLITICS IN THE UNITED STATES .639.
21、THE EXPRESSION OF EMOTIONS .7210.GEOLOGY AND LANDSCAPE .8111.GROUNDWATER.9012.THE ORIGINS OF THEATER .9713.TIMBERLINE VEGETATION ON MOUNTAINS .10414.ARCHITECTURE .11115.Depletion of the Ogallala Aquifer .11816.The Long-Term Stability of Ecosystems .12517.Opportunists and Competitors.13218.Lascaux Ca
22、ve Paintings.13919.Electricity from Wind .14620.Deer Populations of the Puget Sound.15321.Cave Art in Europe.16022.Petroleum Resources .16723.Meteorite Impact and Dinosaur Extinction.17424.MINERALS AND PLANTS.18125.THE ORIGIN OF THE PACIFIC ISLAND PEOPLE.18826.THE CAMBRIAN EXPLOSION.19627.Powering t
23、he Industrial Revolution.20328.William Smith.20929.Infantile Amnesia .216在文勇的网站 会定期更新黄金精选阅读最新版本,欢迎热心同学定期转载6M30.The Geologic History of the Mediterranean .22331.Ancient Rome and Greece.23032.Agriculture, Iron, and the Bantu Peoples .23733.THE RISE OF TEOTIHUACAN .24434.EXTINCTION OF THE DINOSAURS .2
24、5135.RUNNING WATER ON MARS .25936.Colonizing the Americas via the Northwest Coast .26637.REFLECTION IN TEACHING.27438.THE ARRIVAL OF PLANT LIFE IN HAWAII.28139.FEEDING HABITS OF EAST AFRICAN HERBIVORES .28840.LOIE FULLER.29541.GREEN ICEBERGS .30242.Chinese Pottery .30943.Variations in the Climate .3
25、1544.Seventeenth-Century European Economic Growth .32145.Ancient Egyptian Sculpture.32846.Orientation and Navigation.33547.Begging by Nestlings .34148.Which Hand Did They Use? .34749.Transition to Sound in Film .35350.Water in the Desert .35951.Types of Social Groups .36552.Biological Clocks .37153.
26、Methods of Studying Infant Perception .37754.Children and Advertising .38355.Maya Water Problems.38956.Pastoralism in Ancient Inner Eurasia.395招聘启事 .402在文勇的网站 会定期更新黄金精选阅读最新版本,欢迎热心同学定期转载7MAPPLIED ARTS AND FINE ARTSAlthough we now tend to refer to the various crafts according to the materials used to
27、 construct them-clay, glass, wood, fiber, and metal-it was once common to think of crafts in terms of function, which led to their being known as the “applied arts.“ Approaching crafts from the point of view of function, we can divide them into simple categories: containers, shelters and supports. T
28、here is no way around the fact that containers, shelters, and supports must be functional. The applied arts are thus bound by the laws of physics, which pertain to both the materials used in their making and the substances and things to be contained, supported, and sheltered. These laws are universa
29、l in their application, regardless of cultural beliefs, geography, or climate. If a pot has no bottom or has large openings in its sides, it could hardly be considered a container in any traditional sense. Since the laws of physics, not some arbitrary decision, have determined the general form of applied-art objects, they follow basic patterns, so much so that functional forms can vary only within certain limits. Buildings without roofs, for example, are unusual because they depart from the norm. However, not all functional o
