1、考研英语真题经典长难句 100 句（最新修订版）新东方教育科技集团宋平明各位考研的朋友，我在实际的教学实践中，发现同学们在考研英语的准备上最为头疼的是文章中的长难句，如果能够攻克长难句，我们的阅读能力会大大的上一个台阶，鉴于此，我在前人工作的基础上，总结更新了考研英语真题长难句 100 句，并给出了自己的参考答案，供大家学习参考！祝大家考研顺利！1. The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumer
2、s largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. 参考译文 美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers,
3、coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it. 参考译文 因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。3. If, on
4、 the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.参考译文 另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。
5、4. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual. 参考译文 在美国经济中，私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其他一些特定的权
6、利，如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体(经济单位) 自由签定合同的权利。5. At the same time these computers record (which hours are busiest and which employers are the most efficient), allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. 参考译文 同时这些计算机
7、记录下哪些时间是最忙的，哪些员工工作效率最高，这样就能相应地做出人员人事安排。而且它们(计算机)也能为促销活动找到那些拥有优先权的顾客。6. Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers. 参考译文 不计其数的其他商业企业
8、，从剧院到杂志出版商，从公用燃气电力设施到牛奶处理厂，都通过计算机的使用给消费者带来更好、更有效率的服务。7. Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences. 参考译文 残疾儿童在许多关键方面都与其同龄人不同。为了让这些孩子发展其全部的成人后的
9、潜能，他们的教育必须适应这些不同。8. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities. 参考译文 在过去的 30 年中，公共教育中显示的
10、对残疾儿童的巨大关注表明了我们社会中的一种中强烈的情绪，那就是所有的公民，不管其情况有多特殊，都应享有充分发展其能力的机会。9. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. 参考译文 它( 广告)能够直接帮助货物以比较合理的价格被迅速分销出去，因此可以(使公司)
11、 建立一个坚固的国内市场，同时也使以具有竞争力的价格提供出口变得可能。10. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. 参考译文 除去议会有 27 件法案来规范广告的条件，没有任何一个正式的广告商敢于推销一种商品却不能兑现其在广告中的承诺。11. Th
12、e workers who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language-all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts. 参考译文 得到了升迁的工人们，成绩进步的学生，学会了一门新语言的外国人一 一这些都是那些有可衡量的结果来显示其努力的人们的例证。12. As families move away from their stabl
13、e community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. 参考译文 随着家庭离开他们原来稳定的社区，离开他们多年的朋友和扩展的家庭关系，非正式的信息流动被切断了，随之而去的是对在需要时能
14、获得可靠和值得信赖的信息的信心。13. The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time-consuming, and sometimes even overwhelming. 参考译文 现在每个人能够得到的信息比任何时代的人都多，而找到与他她的特定问题相关的那一点信息的任务不
15、仅复杂、耗时，有时甚至令人难以招架 。14. Expertise can be shared world wide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without the participants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel to a distant conference site. 参考译文 通过远程会议，专家知识可以在全世界范围内被分享，而争论的问题能够得到解决，同时相关人员也不必离开他们的家庭或工作跑到一个遥远的开会地点。15. The
16、 current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B type fellows. 参考译文 现在这种让孩子们和其同学或时间竞争的热情导致了一个双层结构，在这个结构里面善于竞争的 A 类好像在某个方面要比他们 B 类的同辈更胜一筹。16. While talking to you,
17、your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares“ and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner. 参考译文 在跟你谈话的时候，可能成为你的雇主的人就一直在衡量你的教育、经 验和其他资格是不是值得他雇用你，而你的“商品“和能力一定要以一 种有条不紊而且
18、合情合理的相互关联的方式被展示出来。17. The Corporation will survive as a publicly funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programs are now the subject of a nation wide debate in Britain. 参考译文 英国广播公司将作为一个公共基金支持的广播组织存在下来，至少目前 会这样，但是它的角色、它的规模和它的节目现在在英国成了全国上下 的讨论话题。1
19、8. The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC-including ordinary listeners and viewer to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping. 参考译文 这场辩论是由政府发动的，政府请任何一个对英国广播公司有意见的人包括普通的听众和观众一来说说这个公司好在哪里或坏在哪里
20、，甚至 要说说他们是否认为这个公司值得被保留下来。19. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large profess signal element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. 参考译文 这种变化通过引
21、入许多的专业因素从而适应了这个新时代的技术要求， 并且它( 这种变化)防止了效率的降低。这种效率的降低在精力充沛的 创业者之后的第二代和第三代人(领导公司)的时候，经常会毁掉那些 家族公司的财富。20. The “shareholders“ as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor wa
22、s not good.参考译文 这样的“股东 “对他拥有股份的公司所雇用的工人们的生活、思想和需 求一无所知，而且他们对劳资双方的关系都不会产生积极的影响。21. As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, “A technologist thinks about objects that can not be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process.The designer and the i
23、nventor., are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist“. 参考译文 正如尤金弗格森所指出的那样：“一个技术专家思考那些不能被简化成 能被清楚的语言描述的东西。这些东西在他的思维中是通过一种视觉的、 非语言表述的过程宋处理的设计者和发明者能够在他们的脑中 装配并操作那些还不存在的装置。“22. Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges,
24、wheel, etc, like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea“. 参考译文 罗伯特法欧特曾经这样写到：“一个技师会坐在杠杆、螺丝钉、楔子、 轮子等等当中，就像一个诗人沉浸在字母表的字母中，把这些字母看成 自己思想的展示，在这样的展示中，每种新的次序安排都传达了-种新 的思想。“23. After six months of arguing an
25、d final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia“s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. 参考译文 经过了六个月的争论以及最后 16 个小时激烈的议会辩论，澳大利亚北部地区成了世界上第一个允许医生终止希望死去的绝症病人生命的立 法当局。24. In Australia- where a
26、n aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their partother states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. 参考译文 在澳大利亚，人口老龄化，延长寿命的技术和变化看的社会态度，这些因素都在发挥作用其他的州也会考虑制定相似的关于安乐死的法律。25. We live in a society in which the medicinal
27、and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves. 参考译文 我们生活在一种药品(毒品)的医学用途和社会用途都很广泛的社会里： 一片用来止头痛的阿斯匹林，一些用来社交的葡萄酒，早上自己提提神 所喝的咖啡，一支用来定神的香烟。26. Dependence is marked first by an incr
28、eased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued. 参考译文 对药品的依赖性首先表现为不断增长的耐药量，要产生想得到的效果所 需要的药品剂量越来越大，然后表现为当停止用药后，令人不快的停药 症状的出现。27. During the discussion of rock s
29、inging verses at last months stockholders meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of societys ills“ and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. 参考译文 在- 上个月的股东大会上关于摇滚歌词的讨论中，莱文宣称说：“音乐不是 社会问题的原因“，他甚至还以他的儿子为例。他的儿子是纽约州布朗克 斯的一个教师，并用说唱音乐
30、与学生们进行沟通。28. Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since, conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially Americas, have little productive slack. 参考译文 经济学家们对英国和美国的有利的通货膨胀数据尤其感到惊讶，因为传 统的计量方法显示两国的经济，特别是美国的经济，几乎没有生
31、产萧条 的时候。29. The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation. 参考译文 很不幸，这最令人震惊的解释有一点缺陷。一些经济学家认为世界经济 结构的强有
32、力的变化已经结束了那个以经济增长和通货膨胀的历史关联 为基础的旧的经济模式。30. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity. 参考译文 例如，阿斯旺大坝使得尼罗河不再洪水泛滥，但是它也夺去了埃及
33、以前 所享有的洪水留下的肥沃淤泥-这些换来的就是这么个疾病滋生的水库，现在这个水库积满了淤泥，几乎不能发电了。31. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability. 参考译文 他的同事迈克尔比尔说，有太多的公司已经用一种机械的方式实行公 司内部的重新设计，在没有充分考虑长期赢利的能力下削减了成本。32. A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the
