1、英汉翻译实务 第六讲II、英汉翻译原理：怎样理解原文？（续）四、要通过吃透词语含义进行理解：【例 45】 While many women are comfortable being close and sharing secrets, men often struggle to express their emotions in relationship with other men.虽然许多女人对与他人亲密无间，分享秘密感到舒坦，而男人却经常刻求在与其他男人的关系中表达感情。【译文】 许多女人亲密相处互吐隐秘感到心安理得，而男人要对其他男人表露感情却非易事。【例 46】 On the dr
2、unken occasion, I was insufferable about liking you, and not liking you. I wish you would forget it.在那次大醉时，我老考虑是不是喜欢你，搞得我无法忍受，希望你忘了它。【译文】 那一次喝得酩酊大醉的时候，我说了喜欢你不喜欢你的一番话，让你受不了，希望你忘了它吧。【例 47】 I felt uncomfortable in the suit I had dredged up to wear.穿着那套已经弄干净的衣服，我只觉得浑身不自在。【译文】 穿着那套费了好大功夫才找出来的衣服，我觉得浑身不自在。
3、【例 48】 The school bully threatened Martin with a thick ear.学校的小霸王打了马丁一个耳光以此作为威胁。【译文】 学校的小霸王扬言要打马丁的耳光。【例 49】 The computer makes possible a marvelous leap in human proficiency; it pulls down the fences around the practical and even the theoretical intelligence.计算机将可能使人类熟练掌握技术产生惊人的飞跃，他推倒了理论和实践之间的隔墙。【译文
4、】 计算机使人类的能力有可能发生巨大的飞跃；它拓展了人类从事实践工作甚至理论工作的智慧。五、要明确词语的具体指代进行理解：【例 50】 Fifty cases of woolen sweaters were shipped from Shanghai to New York. They were products of the citys first joint venture. Owing to a storm at sea, some of the cargo got stained by seawater. However, the goods duly arrived yesterda
5、y.【译文】 有 50 箱羊毛衫从上海发往纽约。这些羊毛衫是上海首家合资企业的产品。由于海上遇到风暴，其中一部分遭到海水污损，但这批货物已于昨天按时运抵。【例 51】 “Heaven bless you, my child,“ said she, embracing Amelia, and scowling the while over the girls shoulder at Miss Sharp. “Come away, Becky,“ said Miss Jemima, pulling the young woman away in great alarm.她搂着爱米丽亚说：“求老天保
6、佑你，孩子。 ”一面说，一面从女孩的肩头对夏泼小姐恶狠狠地瞪眼。吉米玛小姐心里害怕，赶快拉着年轻女子出来，口里说：“来吧，贝基。”【译文】 她搂着爱米丽亚说： “求老天保佑你，孩子。” 一面说，一面从爱米丽亚肩头对夏泼小姐恶狠狠地瞪眼。吉米玛小姐心里害怕，赶快拉着夏泼小姐出来，口里说：“走吧，小姐。 ”【例 52】 I seized the largest brush and fell upon my wretched victim with wild fury.我抓起那支最大的画笔，迅猛异常地向我可怜的受害者扑了过去。【译文】 我抓起那支最大的画笔，势不可挡扑向那全无招架之力的画布。III
7、、课堂练习（正确理解以下各句，并在正确理解的基础上将其译成汉语）：1. The investigations were temporarily tabled due to more pressing business.2. After all, all living creatures live by feeding on something else, whether it be plant or animal, dead or alive.3. One of the great charms of Lawrence as a companion was that he could neve
8、r be bored and so could never be boring.4. A grass eating animal cannot exist without grass, a predator without prey, a plant without certain basic chemicals or certain kinds of soil.5. If we could consider placing ourselves in other peoples shoes, we could teach ourselves how damaging it is to assu
9、me anything about anyone.6. A creative person will almost never follow a set pattern in developing an idea. To do so would tend to structure his thinking and might limit the creation of possible solutions.7. Next door, a large-than-expected audience of 300 attended the International Conference on La
10、ser Atmospheric Studies, which will be covered separately next month.8. The quality of attendance, enhanced by an exhibit-admission fee of $50 per day, was widely extolled. The quantity was in doubt, however. All of the 14 exhibitors interviewed questioned the figure of 5,200 given by Fair director
11、G.B. Hovel; the consensus was 2,500 attendees.IV、课堂练习参考译文：1. 由于有更紧急的任务，调查暂不进行。2. 毕竟所有的生物都靠吃其他东西生存，不管这种东西是植物还是动物，是死的还是活的。3. 在跟劳伦斯的相处中感到他有一点可爱之处，那就是他从不讨厌人，因而也从不讨人厌。4. 食草动物没有草不能生存，食肉动物没有猎物无法活命，植物没有一定的基本化学物质或一定的土壤就生长不了。5. 如果我们能够设身处地为别人着想，就会懂得对别人臆断有多大害处。6. 有创造性的人在形成一种想法时决不会照搬固定不变的模式。那种做法往往会束缚思想，有碍于想出多种可能的解决方案。7. 隔壁大厅里，出乎意料地有 300 人出席了国际激光大气研究会议，有关会议情况本刊将于下月另文报道。8. 由于每天的入场券票价高达 50 美元，所以前往参观的人都有些身份，受到了普遍称颂。但是参观人数值得怀疑。有 14 家参展厂商接受了采访，都对交易会主任霍佛尔提供的 5,200 人这个数字表示怀疑，一般估计是 2,500 人。
