1、四级传统阅读部分如何提高阅读读 解细节推理题词汇 主旨题（大意，目的，标题）句法 猜词题篇章 态度题词汇：4500w常考词汇 6000基本词汇 2000 = 40004000不用背的词汇 500 = 3500 如：oceanography，socialization，platypus 等3500同词根重复词汇 1000 = 2500 如：theory theoretical 理论上的，effect effective effectively effectiveness ineffective ineffectiveness（17 次），stable instable stability 稳定性
2、，vary various variety 多样性 variation，create creative creativity creativeness 创造力，等高频词汇 700 个怎么背1. 词根词缀：vis- = see 如：vision 视力，视野；television 电视；visible 可视的；visibility 可视性；invisible 隐形的；visual 视觉的；visit Go and see词根：单词最核心的含义词缀：单词的附属含义或词性2. 激情联想：worm 蠕虫；swamp 沼泽；reluctant 勉强的，不情愿的（94 年做过注释）；apparent 明显的
3、；monologue 自言自语；peep 偷窥；whimsy 奇思怪想；meticulous小心谨慎3. 根源记忆：Destroy gorgon Achilles heel4. 阅读记忆：在做练习时遇到不认识的单词，查出并熟记5. 类比记忆：同义词分类不认识词汇怎么办？1.跳：adj. adv.若该词出现频率较高2.代：n. 人物，动物，学科 等若该词为重要词汇3.推：词根词缀推测法：如：Page 1 Paragraph 2 line 2：theoretical 理论上的theory 理论；Page 4 line 2：energetic 精力充沛的energy 能量；Page 10 line
4、1：mercilessly 无情mercy 同情，怜悯Page 25 line 3：fishless 没有鱼，birdless 没有鸟Page 27 line 2：fridgeless 没有冰箱连接词 and / or / but 推测法：and / or 为顺接词；but 为转接词。如：Page 1 line 2：few and far between 极少Page10 Paragraph 4 line 3：inconstancy and instability 不稳定Page 90 the Last paragraph line 1：fun and rewarding 有益的Page 91
5、 Paragraph 1 line 1：practicality and rationality 实用性line 2：idealist and a fool 傻瓜从句法：behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences.例子：there are many kinds of animals like crocodiles, wren and rats ；physiological needs such as thirst or hunger句法逗号原则：1. 两逗号间的句子可跳过注：跳过 1 2
6、 之间，其后每隔一个逗号再跳过，以此类推。_(,_,)_._(,_,)_,_.2. 逗号后出现的分词，短语，从句可跳过如：Page 25 line 3line 4：Man (, however much he may like to pretend the contrary,) is part of nature.破折号后为插入语，可以跳过如：Page 23 line 1line 2：Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do(especially in a tight job market).长难句分析：1.拆分：从
7、关系词处拆开2.连接：自问自答3.整合：言语逻辑整合如：Page 4 line 7：Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.1.拆分：Much family quarrelling endswhen husbands and wives realizewhat these energy cycles mean, andwhich cycle each of th
8、e family member has.2.连接：很多家庭争吵结束了什么时候就结束了？当丈夫和妻子认识到意识到什么了？什么是能量循环的意义同时意识到什么了？每个成员拥有怎样的能量循环。3.整合：当丈夫和妻子都意识到能量循环的意义和每个家庭成员拥有怎样的能量循环的时候，很多家庭争吵就结束了。篇章：文章主旨段主旨句判断法文章主旨段：先看第二段段首有无否定词，如：not；no；wrong，有，则第二段为全文主旨段；无，则看文章首末两段哪一段长度小于等于全文的 1/4；若首末两段长度极为相似，则取首不取末。段落主旨句：段落中是否有转折词，如：but；however；yet，有，则其后为段落主旨句；无，
9、则取首不取末。细节推理题黄金原则：一、位置对应原则：正确选项应与问题处在同一段落例：Page 2 第 21 题The passage implies that the telegraph cable was built mainly _C_.A. for oceanographic studiesB. for military purposes 对应原文 Paragraph 4 C. for business considerations 对应原文 Paragraph 3D. for investigating the depths of the oceans二、主旨矛盾原则：正确选项不能与文
10、章主旨或段落主旨相矛盾例：Page 4 第 31 题If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably _D_.A. he is a lazy person 与主题相矛盾 B. he refuses to follow his own energy cycleC. he is not sure when his energy is lowD. he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening三、反义选项答案在其一：若两选项意义相反，则答案在其中产生例：Page 15 第 35 题Som
11、e people feel that _B_.A. artificial hearts are seldom effectiveB. the country should not spend so much money on artificial heartsC. the country is not spending enough money on artificial heartsD. Americas health-care programs are not doing enough for the nations healthPS：“钱不够”原则Scientists：fund 资金；f
12、inance 财政；money 钱四、同义选项同错：若两选项意义相近或相同，则同为错例：Page 7 第 23 题A primary nurse can propose a different approach of treatment when _C_.A. present one is refused by the patientB. the patient complains about the present oneC. the present one proves to be ineffectiveD. the patient is found unwilling to cooper
13、ate五、未提及原则：文章未提及选项不选例：Page 4 第 31 题If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably _D_.A. he is a lazy personB. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle C. he is not sure when his energy is low D. he is at his peak in the afternoon or eveningB、C 为未提及选项六、绝对词原则：选项中含有绝对词，如：only；never；every
14、；each；all；ever 等为错例：Page 7 第 21 题Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of the nursing system at Beth Israel Hospital? AA. The doctor gets more active professional support support from the primary nurse.B. Each patient is taken care of by a primary nurse day and night. C. The pri
15、mary nurse writes care plants for every patient. D. The primary nurse keeps records of the patients health conditions every day. 七、包含选项一般为对：若一个选项包含了其它一个或多个选项，则该选项一般为正确选项。例：Page 6 第 38 题The author argues that a teachers chief concern should be the development of the students _B_.A. personal qualities
16、 and social skillsB. total personalityC. learning ability and communicative skillsD. intellectual abilityA+D=B八、词汇(同意)替换原则：正确选项会用同义词讲原文替代。推论：与原文过于接近的选项，即连续重复 3 词以上，或总共重复 5 词以上，一般为错。例：Page 9 第 30 题According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something is a reflection of _A_.A. a basic
17、human desire to understand and physiological needsB. the satisfaction of certain physiological needsC. their strong desire to solve complex problemsD. a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills 与原文过于接近 态度题做题原则：一、中立选项不选1. 表示中立的词汇：objective 客观的；neutral 中立的；compromising 折衷的；defensive 保守的；
18、indifferent 漠不关心的；cautious 谨慎的2. 表示正面的词汇：positive 正面的；optimistic 乐观的；approval 同意，赞成；supportive 证实的3. 表示负面的词汇：negative 负面的；pessimistic 悲观的；critical 批评的；questioning 怀疑的；doubtful 怀疑的；prejudiced 有偏见的二、同感情色彩同错猜词题做题原则：1. 根据词汇猜测：and；or / but 前后意思相近 / 相反2. 通过句子推测：含有被猜词汇的语句3. 感情色彩推测：通过判断词汇感情色彩，给予相应感情色彩解释4. 排
19、错原则： 正确选项不能含有被猜词汇或其衍生词汇例 Page 63 第 23 题The word “bested” (Line 3, Para. 5) most probably means _A_.A. beatB. enviedC. caught up withD. made the best of原句： and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. 主语逻辑上要搭配合理例 Page 2 第 24 题Defied in the 5th paragraph probably m
20、eans _C_.A. doubted 逻辑搭配不合理，defied 的主语是 which B. gave proof toC. challengedD. agreed to原句： a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea. 中学词汇要猜测其引申含义例：Page 34 第 59 题The word “burnout” (Line 4, Para.5) here refers to the state of _D_.A. bei
21、ng seriously burnt in the skinB. being unable to burn for lack of fuelC. being badly damaged by fire 原文解释 D. being unable to function because of excessive use原句：Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so fatigue, or taste burnout, was not a factor
