1、Management of Heart Failure: Past, Present and FutureLexin Wang, M.D., Ph.D., FCSANZProfessor of Clinical PharmacologyHead, Cardiovascular Research Objectives History and pathogenesis Epidemiology and risk factors Current management Future directionsKatz, A. M. Circ Heart Fail 2008;1:63-71William Ha
2、rvey, 1628 Changing views of heart failure 1. A clinical syndrome 2. A circulatory disorder 3. Altered architecture of the heart 4. Abnormal hemodynamics 5. Disordered fluid balance 6. Biochemical abnormalities 7. Maladaptive hypertrophy 8. Genomics 9. Epigenetics (实验 胚胎学 )Katz, A. M. Circ Heart Fai
3、l 2008;1:63-71Changing management of heart failure over the past 40 yearsCHF-Prevalence Approximately 5.5 million Americans have CHF (2.2% of the population) 550,000 new cases annually Accounts for 12 million clinic visits per year Estimated health care costs in 2004 is US $28.8 billionCHF prevalenc
4、e- Australia 2% of adult population Approximately 241,000 patients 30,000 new cases each year 42,000 hospitalisations in 2004-2005Accounts for 0.8% of all hospitalisations in the countryAge-related prevalence of CHF American National HF project 34,587 hospitalized patientsAge (median, yrs) 73Gender (female, %) 59%History (%)hypertension 61%coronary artery disease 56%diabetes 38%COPD 33%atrial fibrillation 30% Havranek EP et al. Am Heart J 2002;143:412-417
