1、Book Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China Period Reading Comprehension Mar. 、Read the contents on Page41 and translate the following words and expressions. 1、哲学家 2、从一个国家到另一个国家 3、照料，照顾 4、相信；信任 5、和相似 6、人类 7、对和蔼/友善 . Finish the Ex on Page 41 . Read the passage again and choose th
2、e best answers. 1. The Chinese people for over 2,000 years. A. was followed by Confuciuss ideas. B. followed Confuciuss teaching C. influenced Confucius D. influenced other countries 2. Confucius stressed the importance of and order in society while Mozi taught that we should all human beings and lo
3、ok after those who are weaker than ourselves. A. kindness, duty; love B. hate, service; consider C. loveness, duty; hate D. duty, hate; love 3. Menciuss idea were to that of Confucius who was brought up . A. similar; by his father B. different; by his mother C. similar; by his mother D. different; b
4、y his father 4. thought that people were more important than rulers, and hated the state when it treated people badly. A. Confucius B. Mencius C. Mozi D. Confucius and Mozi 5. Whose beliefs were similar to those of Confucius in some ways and his idea of love was different from Confucian idea of kind
5、ness? A. Mencius B. Mozi C. Mencius and Mozi D. One of Confuciuss students . Translate 1、与处于交战状态 2、抚养 3、听从某人的建议 4、结果 5、残酷对待某人 6、出身于贫困家庭 7、因而出名 、找出课文中的定语从句 参考答案：philosopher,from state to state,look after,believe in,be similar to,human bings,be kind to sb BACBB be at war with,bring up,follow ones advi
6、ce,as a result,treat sb badly,come from a poor family,be famous for Book Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China Period Language points Mar. 1. equal: adj. 相等的；相当的， v. 等于，比得上 They are equal in ability. 知识拓展： be equal to (doing) sth：是均等的，胜任做某事 他能胜任这工作。 equally: adv. 相等地；也 equality
7、 n. 平等 2. treat （1）vt. 对待；看作；把看作 treat sb. well / badly treat sb. as 他把我的计划看作笑话。 （2）vt. 治疗 The doctor treated his fever with pills. （3）vt. 款待，招待 treat sb. to sth. 用款待某人 他请我看电影。 拓展：treat /cure （1）treat 意为 “治疗” 时，强调治疗的过程 （2）cure 意为“治愈” 时，强调治疗结果，多用于疾病方面 eg. Take this medicine and it will you of your co
8、ld 3. Treat others in the way you want to be treated. 以 你 希 望 别 人 对 待 你 的 方 式 对 待 别 人 。 句中“you want to be treated”是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“the way” 。当 way 用作先行词 时，定语从句的引导词可用 in which, that 或省略。 （1）This is the only way we can solve the problem. A. that B. in which C. / D. All the above （2）I dont like you speak
9、to her. A. they way B. the way which C. the way in that D. the way of which 4. order （1）n. 秩序，次序，命令，定购 拓展：in order：井然有序 out of order under orders on order （2） vt. ， ， The doctor ordered her to take a good rest. Ive ordered you eggs and chips. He ordered his son a new suit. 5. at war 在交战中，在战争中 知识拓展：a
10、t 表示状态，此类短语还有 at 处于和平状态 at 在工作 at 在上学 at 在吃饭 at 在航海 at 在的最佳状态 6. Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius. those 在此用作代词，代替上文中的 teachings 辨析 one/ it/ that /those （1）They bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in. （2）The population prob
11、lem may be the greatest in the world today. （3）Her eyes are like of angel. （4）The weather of this week is worse than of last week. 7. bring up : （1）Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt. （2）bring up ones lunch （3）These are matters that you can bring up in committee.
12、 8. Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. 孟子认为人不同于动物的原因在于人是善良的。 The reason why is that 意思是“的理由/原因是”why 引导定 语从句修饰 the reason, that 从句为表语从句。 他身体垮掉的原因是他近来工作太累了。 The reason is too hard recently. 9. consider as n. /adj. （1）认为 be considered 被认为是 to be +n.
13、/adj. 这幅画被认为是珍品。 （2）考虑 他正在考虑我的意见。 你是否考虑过如何去哪里？ 同步练习 、短语翻译 1、胜任（做）某事 2、把某人当作对待 3、的原因是 4、井然有序 5、被认为是 6、养育 、单选 1. All men are created . A. equal B. equally C. equaling D. equality 2. Hes gone to hospital in Beijing for special and there they have good medical care. A. training B. cure C. disease D. tre
14、atment 3. He wants to build a house by the sea. He considers the scenery beautiful. A. as for B. being C. to be D. for 4. There was time I hated to go to school. A. a; that B. a; when C. the; that D. the; when 5. The children were all at table, while the father sit at table, reading a newspaper. A.
15、/; / B. the; the C. /; the D. the; / 6. You cant imagine the difficulty I the child. A. had to bring up B. had bring up C. had bringing up D. had brought up 参考答案：1 他们能力相当。He is equal to the work.2 (1 ) 对某人好/不好，把 。 。 。当作。 。 。对待 He treated my plan as a joke. (2) 医生用药片给他退烧。 （3）He treated me to a film.
16、cure 3 D A 4(1)杂乱地，出了故障，奉命，在订购 中 （2）命令，点菜，订购 5 peace,work,school,table,sea,ones best 6 it,one,those,that 7 抚养 呕吐 提出 8 why he broke down that he worked 9 The painting is considered to be valuable. He is considering my idea. Have you considered how to get there? 同步训练：1 略 2 A D C B C C Book Module 5 Gr
17、eat People and Great Inventions of Ancient China Period Grammar Mar. 用来修饰某个名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句。引导定语从句的有：关系 代词 that, which, who, whom, whose, as; 关系副词 when, where, how, why 等。 关系代词或关系副词有双重作用：一方面起连词作用，连接从句使之与主句发 生关系，另一方面它在从句中起一定的句法作用（关系代词可作主语和宾语； 关系副词可作状语） 。被定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句 放在其后。定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制
18、性定语从句。 1、关系代词引导的定语从句 （1）who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩 是一班的。 Those who want to got to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨 7 点到大门口集合。 （2）whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the
19、bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 注意：关系代词 whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who 来代替，也可省略。 The man (whom/who)you met just now is my old friend. （3）which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的 运动。 The factory which mak
20、es computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公民离这儿很远。 The film (which) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。 （4）that 指人时，相当于 who 或 whom;指物时，相当于 which。在定语从句 中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 The number of people that/who visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百
21、万。 （5）whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替： The classroom whose door/, the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 2、 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从 句常 常由“介词+关系代词”引出。 The school (which/that) he once stu
22、died in is very famous. The school in which he once studied is very famous. 注意： （1）含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。look for, look after, take care of 等。 This is the watch (which/that) I am looking for. （正）这是我正在找的手表。 This is the watch for which I am looking. (误) （2）若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用 whom，不可用 who, tha
23、t; 关系代词指物时只可用 which，不可用 that。关系代词是所有格时用 whose。 The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour. （正） 你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。 The man with that/who you talked just now is my neighbour. (误) （3） “介词+关系代词”前还可有 some, any, none, all , both, neither, many, most , each, few 等代词或者数词。 He loves his parents deep
24、ly, both of whom are very kind to him. 他深深爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。 3、关系副词引导的定语从句 （1）when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。 （2）where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 我十年前住的房子已经被拆掉了。 （3）why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因
25、状语。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 请告诉我你误机的原因。 注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从 句来表示。 From the years when/in which he was going to primary school in the country he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up. 自从他在农村读 小学时，他就已经知道长大后要做什么。 Great changes are taking place in the
26、city where /in which they live. 他们生活的城市正发生巨大的变化。 The reason why /for which he refused the invitation is quite clear. 他为什么拒绝接受邀请的原因是十分明了的。 4、限制性定主语从句和非限制性定语从句 注意区分下列几组句子的不同含义： Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college. 她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。 （意含：她还有其他哥哥。 ） Her brother, who is
27、now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college. 她哥哥是当兵的，他总鼓励她上大学。 （意含：她只有一个哥哥。 ） All the books that have pictures in them are well written. 所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。 （意含：不带插图的书则不一定写得好。 ） All the books, which have pictures in them, are well written. 所有的书都带插图，这些书都写得很好。 （意含：没有不带插图的书。 ） 5、限制性定语从句中只能用 that
28、引导定语从句的情况 （1）当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing(something 除外)，all, none, few, little, some 等代词时，或当先行词受 every, any, all , some, no, little, few, much 等代词修饰时。 Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said? 李老师讲的你都记下来了 吗？ （2）当先行词被序数词修饰时。 The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在
29、伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。 （3）当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 （4）当先行词被 the very, the only 修饰时 This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 这正是我要买的词典。 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词 who。 Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 王华是我校唯一出席会议的人。 （5
30、）当先行词前面有 who, which 等疑问代词时。 Who is the man that is standing by the gate? 站在门口的那个人是谁？ Which is the T-shirt that first me most? 哪件 T 恤衫最合我的身？ （6）当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。 They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school? 他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。 Look at the man and his donkey that are walking
31、 up the street. 瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的毛驴。 6、关系代词 as 和 which 引导的定语从句 as 和 which 引导非限制性定语从句时，其用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。 具体情况是： （1）as 和 which 都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。 He married her, as /which was natural. 他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。 （2）as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以 分割主句。Which 引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常常 有“正如、正像”的含义。 As is kno
32、wn to all, China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是发展中国 家。 注意：当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用 which. Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry. 汤姆老是迟到，这使得老师很恼火。 （3）当行行词受 such, the same 修饰时，关系词常用 as。 Ive never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过象他讲的这样的故事。 注意：当先行词受 the s
33、ame 修饰时，偶尔也用 that 引导定语从句，但与 as 引导的定语从句意思有区别。 She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding. 她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的同一条连衣裙。 7、以 the way 为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由 in which 或 that 引导，而且 通常 可以省略。 The way (that/in which)he answered the questions was surprising. 他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。 8、关系代词与关系副词的选择 用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词
34、在定语从句中的作用 （即所担当的成分） 。试比较： I known a place where we can have a picnic. 我知道一个我们可以野炊的地方。 （引导词作地点状语） I know a place which /that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery. 我知道一个以自然景色优美而闻名的地方。 （引导词作主语） I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together. 我永远忘不了我们一起度过的日子。 （引导词作状语） This is th
35、e reason why he was dismissed. 这就是他被解雇的原因。 （引导词作 原因状语） This is the reason that/ which he explained to me for his not attending the meeting. 这就是他向我解释的他没有参加会议的原因。 （引导词作 explain 的宾语） 9. where 引导的定语从句和状语从句的区别 where 可以同时引导定语从句和状语从句，都在从句中作状语，且表地点。 但在定语从句中，where 相当于“介词+which ”，且有引导定语从句、表示地点 的先行词；在状语从句中，whe
36、re 不等于“介词 +which ”，且从句前没有表示 地点的名词。 例如： She would like to live in a country where it never snows. She found her key where she lost it. 同步练习 1. You can find whatever you need at the shopping center, is always busy at the weekend. A. that B. where C. what D. which 2. I have many friends, some are busin
37、essmen. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom 3. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from effects the people are still suffering. A. that B. whose those D. what 4. If a shop has chairs women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. A. that B. which C.
38、when D. where 5. I walked in our garden, Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. A. which B. when C. where D. that 6. The place the bridge is supposed to be built should be the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in wh
39、ich 7. Jim passed the driving test, surprised everybody in the office. A. which B. that C. this D. it 8. I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. A. When B. After C. As D. Since 9. Is that the small town you often refer to? Right, just the one you know I sued to
40、 work for year. A. that B. which C. where D. what 10. Her sister has become a lawyer, she wanted to be. A. who B. that C. what D. which 11. Franks dream was to have his own shop to produce the workings of his own hands. A. that B. in which C. by which D. how 12. Many people who had seen the film wer
41、e afraid to go to the forest when they remembered scenes people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by which C. which D. that 13. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students Union. A. during which time B. for which time C. d
42、uring whose time D. by that time 14. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs they are being trained. A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which 15. Do you still remember the chicken farm we visited three months ago? A. where B. when C. that D. what 16.
43、The English play my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 17. There were dirty marks on her trousers she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that 18. There was time I hated to go to school. A. a; that B. a; when C. t
44、he; that D. the; when 19. What surprised me was not what he said but he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which 20. I work in a business almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A. how B. which C. where D. that 21. We will be shown around the city: schools, museum
45、s, and some other places, other visitors seldom go. A. what B. which C. where D. when 22. Alec asked the policeman he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident. A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom 23. The film brought the hours back to me I was taken good care of in that far-a-way vil
46、lage. A. until B. that C. when D. where 24. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, , of course, made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what 25. That is the reason he is leaving very soon. A. that B. which C. why D. who 26. That is the reason he told me. A. why B. when C. where D. that 参考答案：DDBDC，CACCD，BACDC，CABAC ，CCCBCD Book Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China Period Mar. 1. a sense of responsibility 责任感 幽默感：a sense of 方向感：a sense of sense n. 见识，情理，道理 common sense make sense i
