1、Lesson 1The Middle Eastern BazaarI1)A bazaar is a market or street of shops and stands in Oriental countriesSuch bazaars are likely to be found in Afghanistan，the Arabian Peninsula ，Cyprus，Asiatic Turkey and Egypt2)The bazaar includes many markets：clothmarket，copper smithsmarketcarpetmarket，food mar
2、ket，dyemarket，potterymarket ，carpenters market，etcThey represent the backward feudal economy3)A blind man could know which part 0f the bazaar he was in by his senses of smell and hearingDifferent odours and sounds can give him some ideas about the various parts 0f the bazaar4)Because the earthen flo
3、or，beaten hard by countless feet，deadens the sound of footsteps，and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly and sounds to echo. The shop-keepers also speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers follow suit.5)The place where people make linseed oil seems the most picturesque in the bazaar.
4、The backwardness of their extracting oil presents an unforgetable scene.II .1)little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another 2)Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quie
5、ter cloth-market.3)they drop some of items that they dont really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price. 4)He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount. 5)As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear. See the tr
6、anslation of text.IV.1)n. +n.seaside, doorway, graveyard, warlord2)n. +v.daybreak, moonrise, bullfight3)v. +n.cutback, cutthroat, rollway 4)adj. +n.shortterm, softcoal, softliner, hardware 5)adv. +v. .output , upgrade, downpour6)v. +adv.pullover, buildupV.1)thread (n.) she failed to put the thread t
7、hrough the eye of the needle.(v.) He threaded through the throng.2)round (v.) On the 1st of September the ship rounded the Cape of Good Hope. (adv.) He wheeled round and faced me angrily.3)narrow(v.) In the discussions we did not narrow the gap any further. (adj)He failed by a very narrow margin4)pr
8、ice(n) The defence secretary said the USwas not looking for an agreement at any price(v )At the present consumption rates(of oil)the world may well be pricing itself out of its future5) (v)live About 40of the population lives on the land and tries to live off it (adj)The nation heard the inaugural s
9、peech in a live broadcast6)tower (n)The tower was built in the 1 4th century(v)The general towered over his contemporaries7)dwarf (v)A third of the nations capital goods are shipped from this area，which dwarfs West Germanys mighty Ruhr Valley in industrial output(n)Have you ever read the story of Sn
10、ow White and the Dwarfs?1)light and heat：glare，dark，shadowy，dancing flashesthe red of the live coals， glowing bright，dimming，etc2)sound and movement：enter ，pass，thread their waypenetrate，selecting，pricing，doing a little preliminary bargaining，din，tinkling，banging，clashing ，creak，squeaking，rumbling，e
11、tc3)smell and colour：profusion of rich colours，pungent and exotic smells ，etc1)glare 指刺眼的光；brightness 指光源发出的强烈稳定的光， 强调光的强度。 2)din 指连续不断的噪音，听了很使人心烦意乱；sound 指人们感觉到的各种各样的声音，包括高亢的，轻柔的，悦耳的，难听的；noise 指所有强烈的、混乱的或令人不快的sounds。3)quiet 或 silent 指没有声音；而 音被压低或吸收而已。muted 则指有声音，只不过声 4)display 指陈列( 物品)，让人看得见； exhib
12、ition 指展示(物品) ，以引人注意、观看。5)distinct 指声音十分清晰，让人一听就知道与别的声音不一样；clear 指某物丝毫也不混乱、含糊或模糊不清，因而也就易于理解或领悟。6)huge 指体积大，比 large 更具体。7)varied 不同于 different，它强调的是充满变化，有多种形式或种类繁多。8)exotic 不仅指很奇怪，而且指外来的，本地没有的。strange 的“奇怪”内涵是：生疏、异样、不自然、费解等。9)sunlit 一词更为具体，指因为阳光照耀而明亮；bright 则强调光的强度。lO)massive 不仅指大，而且指重，给人的印象深。11)cons
13、tantly 强调稳定，始终如一；endlessly 则强调没完没了，单一，乏味。12)old 意指旧的、老的或古老的；used 不一定就是陈旧的，它的意思是因已用过而不再新了。1)buyers 2)sharp，strong 3)dismal ，gloomy， solemn 4)declaring，insisting 5)strike 6)abundance ，plenty 7)rich and costly 8)goods 9)mixing1)There is the clothmarket，with its profusion of rich colour2)There is the co
14、ppersmithsmarket，where you can hear the sounds of tinkling，banging and clashing3)There is the carpet market，where you can find varied textures and regional designs4)There is the spice market，with its pungent and exotic smells5)There is the foodmarket ，with everything you need for the most sumptuous
15、dinner6) There is a sunlit courtyard, with flowers blooming and birds chirping.X1)A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods.2)At the bazaar there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.3)I really dont know what it is that has made him so angry.4)The new
16、ly unearthed bronze vase is pleasing in form and engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs.5)Beyond the mountains there is a vast grassland that extends as far as the eye can see.6)They decided to buy that house with. a garage attached.7)The teachers make a point of being strict with
17、the students.8)This little girl is very much attached to her father. 9)To achieve the four modernization, we make a point of learning from the advanced science and technology of other countries.10)As dusk fell, daylight faded away.11)The apprentice watched his master carefully and then followed suit
18、.12)Frank often took a hand in the washing-up after dinner.XI.bazaar, veiled women, copper vessels, carpets, spice, mosque, camels, caravanserai, desert, etc.XlI. Omitted.XIII.1)As I go deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and I come to the muted cloth-market. The earthen fl
19、oor, beaten hard by countless feet, reduces the sound of footsteps, and I can hear no sound being echoed. The shop-keepers speak in slow, controlled tones, and the; customers talk in the same way.The copper-smiths market is easily traced by the noise coming from itAs I approach it，a tinkling and ban
20、ging and clashing begins to strike my ear. The noise is so deafening that 1 have to leave as quickly as I can. I can hardly imagine how those coppersmiths and their apprentices can bear to live in all that noiseLesson 2Hiroshima-the “Liveliest City in Japan”I .1)The writer must be an American journa
21、list or reporter.2)The aim of the visit, I think, was to gather information about Hiroshima today.3)A lot of sad thoughts were on his mind. There were other visitors from abroad who didnt share his views. The first paragraph shows this to us clearly.4)He felt a sense of guilt.5)The Japanese were not
22、 preoccupied with the same thought as the writer was.6)Hiroshima was different from other Japanese cities in that it was destroyed by an atomic bomb on August 6, 1945.7)Since then, it has been rebuilt with hard work and with the help of education, science and technology. 8)One is an obvious conflict
23、 between western influences and the traditional customs. Another is that the impact of the 1945 bomb attack is still felt or seen till now. 9)Because he thought it was unnecessary to do so since the answers were obvious after his talk with the patients. 10)The answer was the Hiroshima was not the li
24、veliest city in Japan. .1)They were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemed not to pay any attention to the people around them.2)As soon as the taxi driver saw a traveler, he immediately opened the door. 3)The traditional floating houses among high modern buildings represent the constant
25、struggle between old tradition and new development. 4)1 suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the scene of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima wearing my socks only.5)The few Americans and Germans seemed just as restrained as 1 was6)After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bow
26、ing to people as a ritual to show gratitude7)1 was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meantHis words shocked me out my sad dreamy thinking8)I thought for some reason or other no harm had been done to meSee the translation of the text1)n+present participl
27、e：epochmaking ，facekeeping，time consuming，nerve wracking2)n+past participle ：home made，bedridden，sunburnt， heartfelt3)n+adj ：pitch dark， headstrong，duty free，coalblack4)n+n +-ed：lion-hearted，iron-fisted，wall eyed，brickwalled 5)adj +n +-ed ：stiff-necked，highminded，dullwitted，warm blooded，emptyheaded，
28、 coldblooded 6)adj +present participle：highsounding，hardworking, plain-sailing ，farreaching 7)adj +past participle：high flown，new-born，finespun, highstrung1)was 指事实如此；而 must be 意为“很可能” 。2)“Was I at the scene?”表示不能断定是不是在那里，而 “Was I not at the scene?”表示肯定是在那里，有“难倒不是”的意思。3)elderly 意为 “上了年纪的 ”，但不算太老。4)g
29、rin 指露齿而笑，有时可指傻笑，但不出声；laugh 表示大笑；。mile 一词最常用，指不出声地微笑，可表示开心、满意、喜爱等等。5)sketch 指很快地勾画出轮廓。6)careful 指认真、周全，小心谨慎以免出错；cautious 指处处谨小慎微，以防失败或危险。7)site 大多指一块地方，可大可小；它可能是留作特殊用途的地方，如建筑工地(a building site)，也可能指发生某事的地方或场所，如第一枚原子弹爆炸的地方(site of the first atomic bombardment)。spot 所指地点较小。8)demolish 意义比较实在，指彻底拆除，而 de
30、stroy 仅指破坏。9)gay 意为轻松愉快，兴致高。delightful 指有魅力，心情好。lO)gaze 指目不转睛地长久地注视，往往出于好奇、钦羡、着迷等。stare 指盯着看，瞪大眼睛看，往往出于吃惊、羡慕等。1)job，task ，duty 2)unaware 3)fronts，by the front doors 4)striking/fascinating/strange / sight；continual ，endless ， constant 5)sudden，sharp feeling；idea，thought，expectation 6)killed，murdered
31、7)pain，torture 8)fame 9)daydream，thoughts 1O)atomic disaster 11)tear down， pull down 12)meet with，face1)他刚才所讲的与讨论的问题无关。2)战场旧址使他回想起那战火纷飞的抗战岁月。3)他专心致志地工作，完全没有理会周围正在发生的事。4)记者们看到诺贝尔奖获得者时感到很兴奋。5)老师用了个什么字?我没太听清楚。 我也没听清楚，很像是 preoccupation。 6)又拐了一个弯，我们来到了一个可容几百人的大岩洞。7)人们领悟到这骇人听闻的消息之后都惊得目瞪口呆。8)铁水倒人混铁炉有如把茶水从茶
32、壶倒入茶杯。9)手术的失败使年青的外科大夫心情沉重。10)将军常到兵营里去，和普通战士们在一起。1)soil 2)soil 3)earth 4)earth 5)familiar to 6)familiar with 7)puzzled 8)surprising 9)admits 10)had confessed 11)careful 12)cautiously 1)There is not a soul in the hallThe meeting must have been put off2)The book looks very much like a box. (The book lo
33、oks much the same as a box. ) 3)Sichuan dialect sounds much the same as Hubei dialect. It is sometimes difficult to tell one from the other. 4)The very sight of the monument reminds me of my good friend who was killed in the battle. 5)He was so deep in thought that he was oblivious of what his frien
34、ds were talking about.6)What he did had nothing to do with her. 7)She couldnt fall asleep as her daughters illness was very much on her mind. 8)I have had the matter on my mind for a long time. 9)He loves such gatherings at which he rubs shoulders with young people and exchange opinions with them on
35、 various subjects.10)It was only after a few minutes that his words sank in. 11)The soil smells of fresh grass. 12)Could you spare me a few minutes? 13)Could you spare me a ticket? 14)That elderly grey-haired man is a coppersmith by trade.X. Omitted.XI. My Visit to the European TownOne autumn, my fr
36、iends and I went to Wuxi on vacation. We decided to visit the European Town first. It is a park located on the side of Tai Lake. Many European scenic spots are built smaller there and a lot of tourists go there for sightseeing everyday. Because they may never have the chance to see the real ones, th
37、ey pay to see these imitations.We arrived at the town late in the morning. It began to drizzle as we stepped inside. But the rain didnt decrease our plea-sure because it was more romantic than in the sunlight. I was deeply impressed by the scenery there. The number of European 31style buildings was
38、beyond my imagination. We saw Triumphal Arch and Eiffel Tower of Paris, the Windmills of Holland and many others. Here and there, people were taking pictures. In an excited mood, we strolled to each building. We also took a lot of photos there. I liked the one taken in front of Triumphal Arch most.
39、It was so real that you might think I had been to Paris. We spent the rest of the day there. It was really an unforgetable experience for me.Lesson 3Ships in the DesertI.1)The writer went to the Aral Sea to search for the underlying causes of the environmental crisis. What he saw there was hot dry s
40、and.2)It was the annual layers of ice in a core sample dug from the glacier.3)Scientists were monitoring the air several times a day to chart the course of the climate change.4)Because the polar cap plays a crucial role in the worlds weather system, the thinning of the polar cap might cause flood in
41、 many places of the world.5)There are more different species of birds in each square mile of the Amazon than exist in all of North America. The destruction of the Amazon rain forest will mean silencing thousands of songs we have never even heard.6)The writer calls noctilucent clouds“ghosts in the sk
42、y“. As a result of pollution, the clouds occasionally appear when the earth is first cloaked in the evening darkness. And they appear more often because of a huge buildup of methane gas in the atmosphere. 7)Because we are not yet awakened to take effective measures to deal with the climate change.8)
43、Carbon dioxides ability to trap heat in the atmosphere causes global warming. Because global warming seriously threatens the global climate equilibrium that determines the pat- tern of winds, rainfall, surface temperatures, ocean cur- rents, and sea level. These in turn determine the distribution of
44、 vegetative and animal life on land and sea and have a great effect on the location and pattern of human societies.9)The two key factors are human population and the scientific and technological development. The dramatic changes that have occurred in these two factors are a sudden and startling surg
45、e in human population and a sudden acceleration of the scientific and technological revolution.10)The writers solution to our ecological problems is to reinvent and finally heal the relationship between human beings and the earth by carrying out a careful reassessment of all the actors that led to t
46、he relatively recent dramatic change in the relationship. 1)It was not at all possible to catch a large amount of fish. 2)Following the layers of ice in the core sample, his finger came to the place where the layer of ice was formed 2050 years ago.3)keeps its engines running for fear that if he stop
47、s them, the metal parts would be frozen solid and the engines would not be able to start again4)Bit by bit trees in the rain forest are felled and the land is cleared and turned into pasture where cattle can be raised quickly and slaughtered and the beef can be used in ham- burgers.5)Since miles of
48、forest are being destroyed and the habitat for these rare birds no longer exists, thousands of birds which we have not even had a chance to see will become extinct.6)Thinking about how a series of events might happen as a consequence of the thinning of the polar cap is not just a kind of practice in
49、 conjecture (speculation), it has got practical Value.7) We are using and destroying resources in such a huge amount that we are disturbing the balance between daylight and darkness.8) Or have we been so accustomed to the bright electric lights that we fail to understand the threatening implication of these cl
