1、1被动语态一、 考点、热点回顾【被动语态】（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态： 主动语态 和 被动语态 。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak 的动作是由主语 many people 来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语 English 是动词 speak 的承受者。（二）被动语态的构成被动语态由 “助动词 be及物动词的过去分词” 构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过 be 的变化表现出来的
2、。现以 speak 为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：amisarespoken一般过去时：waswerespoken一般将来时：willshall bespoken现在进行时：amisare beingspoken过去进行时：was/were beingspoken现在完成时：havehas beenspoken过去完成时：had been + spoken（三）被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道是谁偷的）This bridge w
3、as founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于 1981 年。（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be过去分词） （根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定 be 的形式）。（3）把主动语态
4、中的主语放在介词 by 之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：2All the people laughed at him . He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree. A tree was cut down by him .（五）含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由 “情态动词be过去分词” 构成We can repair this watch in two
5、days.This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.It should be done at once.（六）特殊情况1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.2.Mother never lets me watch TV .I am never let to watch TV by mother.3.Jack gave Peter a Chri
6、stmas present just now.（1）A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now.（2）Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.常见的句型结构：It is(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought.）that.大家同意（相信、决定、希望、认为）.It is(was)well known that.众所周知It is(was)taken for granted that.被视为当然It must be rem
7、embered that.务必记住.It mustnt be forgotten that.千万别忘记.It is(was)said(reported，heard ，told，suggested)that .据说(报道、听说、告知、建议.)及物 动词才有被动语态。 被动语态的主语大多数是物 例：1.Bananas _in Hainan.(海南种植香焦。 ） 2.Many more trees _in our school next year.（我们学校明年将种更多的树。 ） 3._ the trees _by him.这些树是他种的吗？ 4.Young trees _(必须照看好小树） 5.
8、The building_ (那栋楼房正在建设中。 ） 6.The homework _yet（家作已经做完了。 ）主动语态 变 被动语态 He teaches English in our school.- English is taught in our school by him. We planted many trees last years.-Many trees were planted by us last year. Many countries have sent up satellites into space. -Satellites have been sent up
9、 into space by many countries . 34.She will teach Class 6.-Class 6 will be taught by her. 5.We should plant many more trees.-Many more trees should be planted by us. 注意: 如 遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，间宾前to/for（pass,lend,buy,write,bring, show,tell） 1.She gave me a book. I was given a book by her. / A book was g
10、iven to me by her. 带双宾语（复合宾语）的被动语态 .His mother told him a story. He _ _ a story by his mother . A story _ _ _ him by his mother2.I saw the girl drawing in class. The girl _ _ _ in class. 3.He often lends me a pen. I _ often _a pen by him. A pen _ often_ _ me by him. 4.They take good care of the chil
11、dren. The children _ _ good care _. 2. 动词短语的被动：不能分割，须将其看作一个整体，不可漏掉介词，副词。 例：They take good care of the baby. The baby is taken good care of by them. 3.某些动词，主动句中 to 离开，被动句中 to 回 来（feel, listen to, hear, look at, see, watch let, have, make, ） 例: He made me do the work.-I was made to do the work by him.
12、二、典型例题（ ）1The Olympic Games _every four years. A are held B were held Care holding Dwill ho1d（ ）2. In the art show，a lot of enjoyment _ _to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings A is giving B is given C will give D has given（ ）3. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. It _in. many schoo
13、ls around the world. A. teaches B. is teaching C. has taught D. is taught（ ）4. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _as “Peoples Writer“. A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards（ ）5. Usually computers _ _to search the Internet. A. use B. are using C. are used D. used（ ）6.
14、-Do you often clean your classroom?-Yes. Our classroom _every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned（ ）7.一 Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible?一 Yes In fact，it _.Thats all because of the people and the factories around A polluted B was polluted C has polluted Dwas po11ute（ ）8. -Our env
15、ironment is getting worse than before. -Youre right. But thanks to Earth Day_, people have done more and more useful things to protect(保护)the earth since Earth Day.A. is started B. was started C. has started（ ）9. -I feel very happy that I _to be the host. -Congratulations!4A. choose B. am chosen C.
16、was chosen D. haven chosen（ ）10. Many trees and flowers _ in our school last year，and they made our school a beautiful garden Aplant Bplanted Chave planted Dwere planted（ ）11.Some famous paintings _in the hall next week. A. will show B. were shown C. is shown D. will be shown（ ）12. A talk on develop
17、ments in science and technology in the school hall next week . A. given B. will be given C. has been given D. gives（ ）13.-Great changes have taken place in this city.-Right. Many modern tall buildings have been _ these days. A. turned up B. put up C. shown up D. fixed up（ ）14.Twelve-year-olds should
18、 not to drive in China. A. allow B. be allow C. allowed D. be allowed（ ）15. Do you often clean your classroom? Yes, our classroom _ every day.A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. Cleaned三、课后练习（ ）1Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start. Im sorry, but I _ when to meet. A. dont tell
19、B. didnt tell C. havent told D. wasnt told（ ）2Many old houses around our school _ next year and a large green area will appear. A. pull down B. will be pulled down C. will pull down D. are pulled down（ ）3- My watch _. - Dont worry. Lets go to the Lost hold B. was; hold C. is; held D. did; hold（ ）6On
20、 May 30th, , one bowl in the Ming dynasty (明朝) _ at the price of 30.36 million Hong Kong dollars. A. sell B. sold C. is sold D. was sold 将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。 1. We can finish the work in two days. The work _ _ _ in two days. 2. They produce silk in Suzhou. Silk _ _ in Suzhou. 3. The children will sing an English song. An English song _ _ _ by the children. 4. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week. A New Year Card _ _ _ me by Lucy last week. 5.He made me do that for him. I _ _ _ _that for him. 7. I have given this book to the library. This book _ _ _ to the library.
