1、指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。可分为专有名词与普通名词，可数名词与不可数名词，简单名词与复合名词。普通名词：人和物，物有可数名词和不可数名词。 专有名词：人名、地名、国家名、单位名、组织名（有一个特点：第一字母是大写的）（一）名词的所有关系 在英语中，有些名词可以加s 来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格。大多数表示有生命的东西。但是表示时间的名词特殊 如. Toms book My mothers book 3 hours time 如果复数名词末尾已有 s 就直接加 。如 the teachers office 如果一些物品为两者共有，只需在后一
2、个名词后加s ；如果为各自所有，则需在每个名词后加s。如. Lucy and Lilys bedroom.Lucy 和 Lily 共用一个卧室 Lucys and Lilys bedrooms.Lucy 和 Lily 分别拥有各自的卧室 表示无生命的物体的名词所有格，一般与 of 短语连用。如 a map of the world a photo of my family 双重所有格 把 of 所有格和s 所有格结合在一起表示所有关系。 如 a friend of my fathers（二）可数名词前加 a 或者 an 规则：辅音前面加 a，元音前面加 an。 首先要分清是可数还是不可数名词。
3、还要记一些特殊情况的单词。 (1)不可数名词：oil, water, sugar, milk, flour, coffee, rubbish ,paper ,soup, ink, cabbage, meat, wood, money, beer ,cloth, ice 前面不能加 a 或者 an (2)国家名前面也不能加 a 或者 an (3)这几个单词前需要加 a: ( a )Unit, ( a )university, ( a )uniform （三）可数名词变复数1.不可数名词都默认为单数2.名词单数转换为复数各种不同情况 变化方法 例词一般情况 直接加-s book-books bag
4、-bags cat-cats bed-beds以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾以 o 结尾的表示有生命动植物加-esbus-buses box-boxes brush-brusheswatch-watches peachpeaches glassglasses tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes以“辅音字母+y” 结尾 变 y 为 i, 再加-es family-families study-studies以“f 或 fe”结尾 变 f 或 fe 为 v，再加-esknife-knives leafleaves不规则名词复数 man-men woman-women pol
5、iceman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice foot-feet child-children fish-fish Chinese-Chinese习题：一、根据题意选出正确的答案1. They got much _ from those new books.A. ideas B. photos C. news D. stories2. I have two _ and three bottles of _ here.A. orange, orange B. oranges, orangesC. oranges, orange D. or
6、ange, oranges3. Every evening M r. King takes a _ to his home .A. 25 minutes walk B. 25 minutes walkC. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk4. An old _ wants to see you.A. people B. person C. the people D. the person5. Help yourself to _.A. chickens and apples B. chickens and appleC. chicken and apple D
7、. chicken and apples6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _.A. rooms number B. rooms number C. room numbers D. rooms numbers7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _.A. family B. house C. home D. room8. _ mothers couldnt go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai .
8、A. Mary and Peters B. Mary and PeterC. Marys and Peter D. Marys and Peters9. Li Lei has been to _ many times this month.A. her uncle B. her uncles C. her uncles D. aunts10. He is a success as a leader but he hasnt _ in teaching.A. many experiences B. much experienceC. an experience D. a lot experien
9、ce二、请写出下列词的复数形式。city _ zoo _country _ tooth _ mouse _ book_ dress_ sheep_ tea_ strawberry_ peach_ sandwich_ paper_ juice_ water_ fish_三、填入所给名词的正确形式 1. I have two_ (knife) 2. There are many _ here. (box) 3. There are many _ on the road. (bus) 4. A few _ are drawing on the wall. (boy) 5. The _ are pla
10、ying football now. (child) 6. Please take two _ for me. (photo) 7. I like the red _.(tomato) 8. Would you please clean your _ now? (tooth) 9. Do you want some _? (milk) 10. There are ten _ _in our school. (woman teacher)答案：一、C C A B D C C D B B 二 cities zoos countries teeth mice books dresses sheep
11、teas strawberries peaches sandwiches papers juice water fish二1. knives 2.boxes 3.buses 4.boys 5.children 6.photos 7.tomatoes 8.teeth 9.milk 10.women teachers teacher: tom, why are you late for school every day?tom: every time i come to the corner, a sign says, “school-goslow“.老师：汤姆，您为什么每天上学迟到？汤姆：我每次路过拐角，一个路标上面写着：“学校-慢行。“
