如何有效地提高学生语法填空题的解题能力.doc

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1、如何有效地提高学生语法填空题的解题能力摘要:认真学习语法知识,加强语言运用,夯实语言基础,形成扎实的语法基本功。引导学生理解语法填空题的命题特点,要求熟练掌握语法填空题常见的考点和具体的做题方法。形成正确的做题思维和强大的语感能力,只有进行反复训练,不断激发学习兴趣,增强信心,巩固所学,及时反馈,认真推敲体会,才能有效地提高解题综合能力。 关键词:语法填空;解题能力;有提示词;无提示词 中图分类号:G632.0 文献标?R 码:A 文章编号:1992-7711(2017)03-0041 众所周知,学生在做语法填空题时,会出现各种各样的问题,难以得高分。做好这类题型,需要具备扎实的语法基本功,需

2、要掌握语法填空题的命题特点和熟练运用解题方法,需要经过强化训练,才能有效地提高语法填空题的解题能力。 首先,要求学生认真学习语法知识,加强语言运用,夯实语言基础,形成扎实的语法基本功。 其次,引导学生理解语法填空题的命题特点。语法填空题要求阅读一篇 200 字左右的短文,根据句子语法结构和上下文的逻辑关系完成 10 小题,每小题 1.5 分。一般说来,根据句子语法结构确定词性变化,根据上下文的逻辑关系确定词类选用。题型设计分分为两类:1. 写出括号中提示词的正确形式(一般不超过三个词) 。2. 在空格处填入一个适当的词。理解了语法填空题的命题特点,平时学习目标更加明确,学习语法更加认真,更加关

3、注重要的单词、短语和句型,记住常见的前缀、后缀变化。 最后,要求学生熟练掌握语法填空题常见的考点和具体的做题方法。通过选自高考题和平时练习中经常出现的例句,归纳总结出常见的考点和具体的做题方法,让学生逐步学会如何做好语法填空,明确解题步骤和方法,进一步强化解题能力。浏览全文,抓住大意,先处理较容易的,后做难度大的,最后核查校对,确保语法正确,语意贯通,符合逻辑。通过学生的自主学习和训练,认真体会和掌握做题的方法,提高解题能力。 下面,我们共同探讨语法填空题中常见的考点和具体的做题方法: 一、有提示词 1. 动词 (1)谓语动词,判断时态和语态 【2015 全国卷 2】.they warm up

4、 again for the night. This cycle (go) day after day. 答案:goes 考查时态 根据上下文,用一般现在时。 (2)非谓语动词,判断过去分词,现在分词,不定式。【2016 全国卷 3】People probably cooked their food in large pots, (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. 答案: using 考查非谓语动词,people 和 use 是主动关系,用现在分词 using。 2. 名词 【2016 全国卷 1】The nursery team switches him every

5、few (day) with his sister 答案:days 考查名词,few 后面接可数名词复数。 3. 形容词 【2016 全国卷 2】If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of 1 (great )and less importance. 答案:greater 考查形容词,根据 and less 可知用比较级。 4. 副词 【2016 全国卷 3】Food in small pieces could be eaten

6、easily with twigs(树枝) which (gradual)turned into chopsticks. 答案:gradually 考查副词,副词修饰动词短语 turned into。 5. 词性转化 【2015 全国卷 2】In addition to their simple beauty , what makes the adobe dwellings(土坯房) admirable is their (able ) to “air condition” a house 答案:ability 考查词性转化,形容词 able 转变为名词ability。 二、无提示词 1. 冠

7、词 【2014 全国卷 1】Now, years later, this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental clean-up. 答案: the 考查冠词,定冠词 the 用于形容词的最高级前。 2.代词 【2016 全国卷 1】I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been selected by mother. The nursery team switches him. 答案:his 考查代词,根据下文 him 指代小公熊猫,用形容词性物主代词 hi

8、s。 3. 连词 【2014 全国卷 1】But the river wasnt changed in a few days even a few months. 答案:or 考查连词,or 表示选择关系。 4. 介词 【2016 全国卷 3】Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat their hands. 答案:with 考查介词, with+表示具体工具的名词。 真题演练 【2016 全国卷 1】Chengdu has dozens of

9、 new (上接第41 页)millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 1 (attract). So it was a great honor to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where pocket money helps pay for research. I 2 (allow) to get up close to these cute a

10、nimals at the 600-acre center. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 3 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 4 my days on the TV show in the mid1980s, 5 I was the first Western TV reporter 6 (permit) to film a special unit c

11、aring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 7 (introduce ) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research center in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been sel

12、ected by 8 mother. The nursery team switches him every few 9 (day ) with his sister so that the one is being bottle-fed, 10 other is with mum - she never suspects. 答案:1. attraction 2. was allowed 3. officially 4. to 5. when 6. permitted 7. introducing 8. his 9. days 10. the ?之,在平时教学过程中,我们一定要积极地引导学生,只有不断夯实语言基础,加强语言运用,具备扎实的语法基本功;只有洞察命题特点,熟练掌握常见的考点和具体的做题方法,形成正确的做题思维和强大的语感能力;只有进行反复训练,不断激发学习兴趣、增强信心、巩固所学、及时反馈、认真推敲体会,才能有效地提高解题综合能力。 (作者单位:安徽省庐江裴岗中学 231500)

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