1、定语从句1It rained hard yesterday, prevented me from going to the park.A. that B. which C. as D. it the diagram shows, the sum spent on tobacco is nearly as large as that spent on alcohol.A. As B. Which C. What D. Like. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man he was twenty years
2、ago.A. which B. that C. who D. whom3. Chinese customs police wondered if there were some underground passages the cocaine had been smuggled into China from Myanmar.A. through which B. in which C. through that D. in that4. The temperature Fahrenheit and Celsius thermometer readings are equal is 40 de
3、grees.A. by which B. for which C. to which D. at which5. There was a storm I had never experienced before.A. such as B. as which C. with which D. for such6. The residents, had been damaged by the earthquake, were given help by the government.A. all their homes B. all whose homes C. all of whose home
4、s D. all of their homes7. The course normally attracts 30 students per year, up to half will from overseas.A. in which B. for whom C. with which D. of whom8. Perhaps there only one thing on which the citizens of Atlanta do agree: theres only a city will not look the same or be the same after this su
5、mmer.A. that B. which C. as D. where9. The team can handle whatever .A. that needs handling B. which need handlingC. it needs handling D. needs to be handled10. The physician has made a discovery, of great importance to the progress of science and technology.A. I think which is B. that I think is C.
6、 which I think is D. which I think it is11. John returned with two laborers, with help we finally get the car out of the mud. A. their B. whose C. / D. that12. She says that shell never forget the time _ shes spent working as a secretary in our company.A. which B. whenC. how D. whereShe says that sh
7、ell never forget the time _ she works as a secretary in our company.A. which B. whenC. how D. where(1) Our company will move to a tall building _ we bought last month.A. which B. whenC. how D. where(2) Our company will move to a tall building _ has just been complete.A. which B. whenC. how D. where(
8、3) Our company will move to a tall building _ we worked two years ago.A. where B. whenC. that D. which非谓语动词1.-what caused the party to be put off?-_ the invitation.A. Tom delayed sendingB. Toms delaying sendingC. Tom delaying to sendD .Tom delayed send2. I cant get my car_ on cold mornings, so I hav
9、e to try _ the radiator with some hot water.A. run, to fill B. running, filing C. running, to fill D. ran, filling3. Anyone _ bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police. A. seen carry B. seen carrying C. saw to carry D. saw carrying 【分析】此题答案选 B，anyone seen carrying bags为anyone who was seen
10、carrying bags 之略，其中过去分词短语 seen carrying bags 用作定语修饰代词 anyone。另外，句中的 who was seen carrying bags 为 see sb doing sth这一结构的被动式。4. Now everyone here was working hard and doing what they could _ more money. A. make B. to make C. making D. made【分析】此题容易误选 A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词 could 就断定此处应填动词原形 make。其实正确答案应是 B，此
11、句为省略句，即在 could 后省略了动词 do，若把句子补完整应为Now everyone here was working hard and doing what they could do to make more money，即句中的不定式短语(to make more money)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句： (1) My parents did what they could _ my aunt and uncle. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped (2) He read what h
12、e could _ his knowledge. A. widen B. to widen C. widening D. widened 以上两题均选 B，即选不定式，且此不定式为目的状语。但是，同学们若据此形成思维定势，也会麻烦。为此，请再看两题： (3) He ran as fast as he could _to catch the bus. A. hope B. to hope C. hoping D. hoped 此题的最佳答案不是 B，而是 C，其中的现在分词短语 hoping to catch the bus 用作伴随状语，即一边跑一边希望能赶上早班车。但是，如果选 B，将 to
13、 hope to catch the bus 视为目的状语行不行呢？不行。因为“他拼命地跑” 目的是“为了赶上公共汽车”，而不是“ 为了希望赶上公共汽车”，换句话说，将 “希望”作为“ 目的”不妥。因为同样的原因，下面一题也应选 hoping： He studied as hard as he could _ to enter a good college. A. hope B. to hope C. hoping D. hoped (4) He spent every minute he could _ foreign languages. A. study B. to study C. s
14、tudying D. studied 此题也应选 C，但是，它与上题选现在分词 hoping 表伴随有所不同，此题的 studying 其实与其前的动词 spend 有关，即套用的是“spend + 时间或金钱 + (in) doing sth”这一句型。5. All her time _ experiments, she has no time for sports. A. devoted to do B. devoted to doing C. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing 【分析】此题最佳答案为 B。现分析如下： (1) devote
15、意为“致力于，献身于”，主要用于 devoteto或 be devoted to，其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。 (2) 选 A 错误：若将 do 改为 doing 则可以。 (3) 选 B 正确：all her time devoted to doing experiments 为独立主格结构，用作状语。 (4) 选 C 错误：因为 all her time 与 devote 为被动关系，故应将 devoting 改为 devoted。 (5) 选 D 错误：若单独看 All her time is devoted to doing experim
16、ents，此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方式，所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上 and 或 so，则可选 D，或将 D 中的 is 改为 being 也可以。 6. “What made her struggle _ an artist so hard?” “_ she was a woman.” A. became, 不填 B. to become, 不填 C. become, That D. to become, That 【分析】此题容易误选 C，想当然地认为第一空应填 become (不带 to)，是因为其前有使役动词 made。其实，此题应选 D，
17、在 What made her struggle to become an artist so hard? 一句中，what 是句子主语，made 是谓语，her struggle to become an artist 是宾语 (其中的不定式to become an artist 是修饰 her struggle 的定语)，so hard 是宾语补足语。许多同学误选 C 是将 her struggle 看作宾语，而将 become an artist 看作是宾语补足语，照此分析，so hard 又是什么成分呢？第二空填 That，用以引导主语从句 ( 此 that 不可省略)，其后的谓语和宾
18、语等被省略，若补充完整，即为That she was a woman made her struggle to become an artist so hard. 7. I found I could easily make myself _ by using sign language. A. understood B. understand C. to understand D. being understood 【分析】答案选 A，但容易误选 B，即硬套“make + 名词或代词 + 动词原形”这一结构。但是对于该结构同学们忽略了一点，就是该结构中的名词或代词应与其后动词有逻辑上的主谓关
19、系，而对于上面一题，myself 与动词 understand 显然不是主谓关系，而是动宾关系，或者说是被动关系，故此时的动词应用过去分词表被动。又如：1) As a teacher, you should make yourself _. A. respect B. respecting C. respected D. to respect (2) He spoke loudly so as to make his voice _. A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. to hear (3) Do you know what made her so _? A. fr
20、ighten B. frightening C. frightened D. to frighten 答案均选 C，即用过去分词表示被动意义（其中 frightened 为过去分词转化来的形容词）。 8. Once your business becomes international, _ constantly will be part of your life. A. you fly B. your flight C. flight D. flying 【分析】最佳答案为 D。由于空格后出现了 constantly 这一副词，这就说明不能选 B 或C，因为 B、C 均为名词，不能受副词 c
21、onstantly 的修饰。A 和 D 均是可能的，因为其中有动词 fly。但若选 A，you fly 是一个主谓结构，与其后的谓语 will be 相冲突，所以只能选D，即动名词 flying 在此用作主语。 9. Not only should you get used _ under difficult conditions but you also you pay more attention _ your work well. A. to work, to do B. to working, to doing C. to work, to doing D. to working, t
22、o do 【分析】正确答案为 B，因为 get used to 与 pay attention to 这两个结构中的 to 均为介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不能用动词原形。类似地，以下各结构中的to 也是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时也应用动名词，而不是动词原形： look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事 be opposed to doing sth 反对做某事 object to doing sth 反对做某事 stick to doing sth 坚持做某事 get down to doing sth 开始做某事 take to doing st
23、h 喜欢上做某事 admit to doing 承认做了某事 pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事 devote ones time to doing sth 把某人的时间用于( 奉献于)做某事 be equal to doing sth 等于做某事，能胜任做某事 What do you say to doing sth 你认为做某事怎么样 10. “Do you have anything more _, sir?” “No. You can have a rest or do something else.” A. typing B. to be typed C
24、. typed D. to type 【分析】此题容易误选 D，根据 have sth to do 这一常用结构推出。其实，最佳答案是 B。确实，在“have+宾语+不定式”结构中，用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义，如I have some clothes to wash 等，即尽管其中的 some clothes 与其后的不定式 to wash 具有被动关系，但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义。但值得指出的是，这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系，如 I have some clothes to wash 中的 to wash 就是由该句主语 I 来完成的。而上面一题的情形有所不同，
25、即其中的 to type 这一动作不是由句子主语 you 来完成的，而是由说话者“我” 来完成的。比较： Are you going to Shanghai? Do you have anything to take to your son? 你要去上海吗？你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗？ Im going to Shanghai next week. I have a lot of things to take with me. 下个星期我要去上海，我随身要带很多东西去。 同位语从句同位语从句属于名词性从句,常常跟在 fact, promise, reason, truth, idea, opi
26、nion, news, hope, belief, suggestion, conclusion, information, order, decision 等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容,在逻辑上表现为同位关系。 要突破同位语从句,需要注意以下几点: 一、正确使用同位语从句的引导词。引导同位语从句的主要有连接词 that(不用 which),whether (不用 if)。 1.如果同位语从句意义完整,不缺少句子成分,常用 that 引导同位语从句。例如: I heard the news that our team had won. 我听到了我们队获胜的消
27、息。 2. 如果同位语从句表示“是否 “含义时,常用 whether 引导同位语从句。例如: He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。 原题再现 Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 答案: B 二、同位语从句与其中心词可被谓语动词等其他成分分隔,此时要能分清句子结构。例如: The th
28、ought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。 原题再现 A story goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. A. when B. where C. what D. that There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars
29、 _ road conditions need _. A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved C. where; improving D. when; improving 答案: D A 三、表示建议、命令、要求等的名词 (如 suggestion, proposal, advice, order, request 等)后接同位语从句时,从句通常使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形“ 。例如: The teacher gave orders that the work (should) be finished befor
30、e 4 oclock. The suggestion that the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good.同位语从句讲解与练习1定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为 fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark 等，关联词多用从属连词。如：They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。Where did
31、 you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词 whether 引导。如：I have no idea whether hell come or not.我不知道他是否来。连接代词 who, which, what 和连接副词 where, when, why, how 亦可引导同位语从句。The question who shoul
32、d do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。We havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。1that 引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别?句法功能意义that 引导的同位语从句 that 只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。补充、说明that 引导的定语从句th
33、at 替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。修饰、限定如：The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that 不可省) 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that 在从句中作的宾语，可省)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。2一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气 should+动词原形表示。should 可省。如：
34、This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。用适当的连接词填空：1.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.2. I have no idea _ we can do with these waste materials.3._the doctor really doubts is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.4.
35、It is hoped _nature will never be destroyed.5._do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow?6.- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.- Is that _ you had a few days off?7. Word came _I was wanted at the office.8. Do you know _of them will be our new headmaster?9. The teacher didnt tell me _we were wrong.10. Its generally considered unwise to give a child _he or she wants.B.单项选择
