1、 1 / 161 Realm 1written a general area of knowledge, activity, or thoughtthe spiritual realmrealm ofan idea that belongs in the realm of science fiction2within the realms of possibilityalso not beyond the realm(s) of possibilityused, often humorously, to say that something is possible even though yo
2、u think it is not very likelyI suppose its not beyond the realms of possibility.3Literary a country ruled by a king or queenZonea large area that is different from other areas around it in some wayThis is a no-parking zone. San Francisco and Tokyo are both located in earthquake zones. danger zone (=
3、an area where it is dangerous to go)battle/war zone 2 / 16The south side of the city has virtually become a war zone.The government has set up a special economic zone to promote private enterprise.see also buffer zone at buffer1 (3), no-fly zone, time zoneSphere1 a ball shape 2a particular area of a
4、ctivity, work, knowledge etcin . spheretelevisions increasing role in the political spherepublic/ private sphere Women have often been excluded from positions of power in the public sphere.3 / 163somebodys/somethings sphere of influencea person, countrys, organizations etc sphere of influence is the
5、 area where they have power to change things其他： area, field, district2. subdue1to defeat or control a person or group, especially using forcePolice managed to subdue the angry crowd. Napoleon subdued much of Europe.2formal to prevent your emotions from showing or being too strongsynonym control an e
6、xcitement she could not subdueSuppresstransitive1to stop people from opposing the government, especially by using forceThe uprising was ruthlessly suppressed.2if important information or opinions are suppressed, people 4 / 16are prevented from knowing about them, even if they have a right to knowThe
7、 police were accused of suppressing evidence.3to stop yourself from showing your feelingsHarry could scarcely suppress a smile. suppressed anger4to prevent something from growing or developing, or from working effectivelyThe virus suppresses the bodys immune system3. in fear ofThey looked at one ano
8、ther in fear . Thousands of people are in fear of their lives following the shootings. Ordinary people lived in fear of being arrested by the secret police. People must be able to express their views without fear . Rachel was shaking with fear .For fear of for fear (that), for fear of somethingbecau
9、se you are worried that you will make something happenShe finally ran away for fear that he would kill her.for fear of doing something5 / 16He got to the station early, for fear of missing her.4. mere adj.superlative merestonly before noun, no comparative1used to emphasize how small or unimportant s
10、omething or someone isShe lost the election by a mere 20 votes. Hes a mere child. It cant be a mere coincidence that they left at the same time.2used to emphasize that something which is small or not extreme has a big effect or is importantThe merest little noise makes him nervous. The mere thought
11、of food made her feel sick. The mere fact that the talks are continuing is a positive sign.Only conj. 5. be concerned withBe aware of Be conscious ofPay attention to6 / 166. toxic containing poison, or caused by poisonous substancesfumes from a toxic waste dump toxic chemicals/substances/fumes/gases
12、 Toxic chemicals were spilled into the river.a highly toxic pesticidetoxicity / tkss/ noun uncountable and countable The metal has a relatively low toxicity to humans.Poisonous - poison7. eternal1continuing for ever and having no endthe Christian promise of eternal life Shes an eternal optimist (=sh
13、e always expects that good things will happen) .2seeming to continue for ever, especially because of being boring or annoyingsynonym never-endingthe eternal arguments between mother and son7 / 163eternal truthsprinciples that are always truePermanent continuing to exist for a long time or for all th
14、e time in the futureopposite temporaryHe gave up a permanent job in order to freelance.a permanent change in your eating habitsThe blindness that the disease causes will be permanent.Miller soon became a permanent fixture (=someone or something that is always there) on the team.8. dwellliterary to l
15、ive in a particular placeThey dwelt in the middle of the forest.dwell on/upon something phrasal verbto think or talk for too long about something, especially something unpleasantThat is not a subject I want to dwell on.SettleSTART LIVING IN A PLACEa) to go to a place where no people have lived perma
16、nently 8 / 16before and start to live thereThis territory was settled in the mid-1850s by German immigrants.b) intransitive always + adverb/preposition to go to live in a new place, and stay there for a long timesettle inMany Jewish people settled in the Lower East Side.Residereside / r：zad / intran
17、sitive always + adverb/prepositionformal to live in a particular placeHe spent most of his time in Rutherglen, where his family resided.1 reside in something/somebody phrasal verbto be present in or consist of somethingJoes talent resides in his storytelling abilities.2 also reside within something/
18、somebodyif a power, right etc resides in something or someone, it belongs to themExecutive power resides in the President.Inhabit9 / 16transitiveif animals or people inhabit an area or place, they live thereThe woods are inhabited by many wild animals. I have no idea what sort of people inhabit the
19、area. inhabited islands9. obtain 1transitiveto get something that you want, especially through your own effort, skill, or worksynonym getobtain something from somebody/somethingFurther information can be obtained from head office.You will need to obtain permission from the principal.obtain something
20、 through somethingthe results obtained through these surveysAttain (line 20)transitive formal1to succeed in achieving something after trying for a long timeMore women are attaining positions of power in public life.210 / 16to reach a particular level, age, size etcShare prices attained a high of $3.
21、27. After a year she had attained her ideal weight.attainable adjective This target should be attainable.Acquire1formal to obtain something by buying it or being given itManning hoped to acquire valuable works of art as cheaply as possible. She has acquired an email address and a site on the World W
22、ide Web.2to get or gain somethingThe college acquired a reputation for very high standards.3to gain knowledge or learn a skillHe spent years acquiring his skills as a surgeon. Elsie acquired a good knowledge of Chinese.4acquire a taste for somethingto begin to like somethingShe had acquired a taste for European beer.
