1、 1 上海交通大学网络学院医学院分院 2009(春)、 2008(秋)年级毕业理论综合考试练习卷( 3) 专业:护理学(专科) 一、英语( 30%): I Vocabulary & Structure Directions: There are25 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. 1 . These trees cannot be g
2、rown in such a cold _ as ours. A. weather B. climate C. air D. season 2. We were all weak from _, not having had food for over forty hours. A. illness B. disaster C. hunger D. incident 3. _ faith in the final victory, the whole nation couldnt have gone through the difficult years. A. Without B. With
3、 C. Despite D. Besides 4. I feel _ you will extend a helping hand to those who are suffering from cold and hunger. A. unlike B. complacent C. apparent D. confident 5 As anyone who has _ an accident will tell you, the apparent security of cars is deceptive (给人以假象的 ). A. sampled B. survived C. vanishe
4、d D. scraped 6. “We have monitored in the area and there is no _ to health,“ she said. A. suggestion B. hazard C. compliment D. recipe 7. I would like to open a savings _ for my son in your bank. A. insurance B. detail C. amount D. account 8. She was so _ in her job that she didnt hear anybody knock
5、ing at the door A. attracted B. absorbed C. drawn D. concentrated 9. Traditional Chinese food is far _ to McDonalds and KFC or any other fast foods I know. A. immune B. superior C. essential D. similar 10. Dont _ to let me know if theres anything I can do for you. A. hesitate B. reject C. puzzle D.
6、thrill 2 11. Long after even the latest apple tree had finally broken into leaf, the mulberrys branches remained stubbornly _. A. empty B. bare C. stale D. dumb 12. The careless man received a ticket for speeding. He _ have driven so fast. A. cant B. wouldnt C. shouldnt D. mustnt 13 She pressed her
7、lips together, trying to _ tears. A. give up B. burst into C. hold back D. take back 14. A sob caught his throat and he coughed to _ it. A. prohibit B. mask C. emit D. crash 15. Some social problems are caused by the widening _ between the rich and the poor. A. gap B. attitude C. disgrace D. potenti
8、al 16. These rows of small trees growing close together _ living walls for shelter and privacy in the garden. A. obtain B. breed C. arrange D. create 17. In a small enterprise or department, management by inertia (惰性 ) is a _ disease. A. current B. deadly C. radical D. typical 18. We requested that
9、they _ for her to be operated on. A. attempt B. inspect C. enable D. arrange 19. Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are _ in grocery stores A. ready B. approachable C. probable D. available 20. If you love plants, the chances are you buy them on _ and then wonder where to put t
10、hem. A. purpose B. impulse C. display D. cue 21. Mr. Black was in the _, standing there dumbfounded, not knowing what to do A. dark B. dusk C. dawn D. dam 22. On a _ day, Professor Jordan works in the lab from 9 A.M. to 11 P.M. A. following B. typical C. previous D. diligent 23. Our city has many bu
11、ildings which _ those found in the West. A. possess B. resemble C. accumulate D. locate 24. Dont let the child play with scissors _ he cuts himself. A. only if B. so that C. in case D. now that 3 25. It is not easy for non-native speakers at the beginning level to tell British English _ American Eng
12、lish. A. between B. from C. to D. for II Reading Comprehension Directions: There is a passage in this part. The passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the best answer to each question based on t
13、he passage. Passage : Many people catch a cold in the springtime and/ or fall. It makes us wonder . if scientists can send a man to the moon, why they cant find a cure for the common cold. The answer is easy. There are hundreds of kinds of cold viruses out there. You never know which one you will ge
14、t, so there isnt a cure for each one. When a virus attacks your body, your body works hard to get rid of it. Blood rushes to your nose and brings congestion with it. You feel terrible because you cant breathe well, but your body is actually “eating“ the virus. Your temperature rises and you get a fe
15、ver, but the heat of your body is killing the virus. You also have a runny nose to stop the virus from getting to your cells. You may feel miserable, but actually your wonderful body is doing everything it can to kill the cold. There is one interesting thing to note-some scientists say taking medici
16、nes when you have a cold is actually bad for you. The virus stays in you longer because your body doesnt have a way to fight it and kill it. Bodies can do a marvelous job on their own. 26. What is the passage mainly about? A. Why there is no cure for the common cold. B. How you feel when you catch a
17、 cold. C. How your body kills the cold. D. How to prevent a cold. 27. You may have nose congestion when _. A. your temperature rises B. you take some medicines C. blood rushes to your nose D. the cold virus gets to your cells 28. According to the passage, which of the following is true about fever?
18、A. The heat can kill the cold virus. B. The heat might delay your recovery from the cold. C. The fever shows that you are seriously ill. D. The fever is related to the type of cold virus. 29. In the first line of the last paragraph, “one interesting thing” refers to the fact that _. A. there are hun
19、dreds of kinds of cold viruses B. your body does everything to kill the cold C. scientists havent found a cure for the common cold although they can send a man to the moon D. some scientists think that taking medicines might be bad for your recovery from the cold 4 30. The word “marvelous” in the la
20、st line of the passage is closest in meaning to _. A. basic B. quick C. difficult D. wonderful 二、健康评估 ( 25%, 单项选择题 ): 31 正常生理情况下不会出现的叩诊音为 : A. 清音 B. 鼓音 或浊音 C. 实音 D. 过清音 32双手触诊法主要用于检查: A. 有无触痛 B. 有无肠梗阻 C.有无阑尾炎 D.肾脏是否肿大 33呼吸有大蒜味可见于: A.一氧化碳中毒 B.有机磷农药中毒 C.肝性脑病 D.糖尿病酮症酸中毒 34. 败血症的常见热型是: A. 稽留热 B. 弛张热 C.
21、波状热 D. 回归热 或 间歇热 35. 女性, 50 岁,发烧 3 天,体温最高在 39.5以上,日差大于 2。该病人的热型为: A. 稽留热 B. 驰张热 C. 间歇热 D. 波状热 36以下各种情况中, 难以发现紫绀的是 : A 严重贫血 B 高铁血红蛋白血症 C 硫化血红蛋白血症 D 肠源性紫绀或法洛四联症 37患 者气促,呼吸困难,心率加快,呼吸音弱,诊断为气胸。此时患侧胸部叩诊应为: A 清音; B鼓音; C浊音; D实音; 38. 周期性、节律性饥饿痛可见于 : A 肺癌 B 心绞痛 C 胆石症 D 十二指肠溃疡 39原发性支气管肺癌所致咯血常表现为 : A. 大咯血 B. 痰中
22、带血 C. 中等量咯血 D.小量咯血 40大量咯 血是指每天咯血量大于 : A. 200ml B. 300ml C. 400ml D. 500ml 41呕血最常见的病因是 : A.食管静脉曲张破裂 B.急性出血性胃炎 C.急性胃黏膜病变 D.消化性溃疡 42鲜血便常见于 : A.肛裂 B. 十二指肠球溃疡伴出血 C. 肝硬化食管静脉破裂 D.急性胃炎或胃溃疡 5 43有关腹 泻的描述,以下 属于 错误 的是: A. 伴脐周绞痛、肠鸣音亢进多见于结肠病变 B. 急性感染性疾病,如细菌性痢疾可伴有高热 C. 乙状结肠下段或直肠病变可伴有里急后重感 D. 进食后数小时发生恶心、呕吐常见于食物中毒 4
23、4符合肝源性水肿特点的是: A.眼睑、颜面部先出现 B.下垂部位先出现 C.踝部先出现,常有腹水 D.胫前先出现,非凹陷性 45. 下列各 种疾病 中 是由于甲状腺素分泌不足引起的 是 A.先天愚型或 侏儒症 B. 席汉氏综 合征 C. 呆小症 D. Addison s 病 46. 瞳孔的正常直径为: A 1 2mm B 3 4mm C 2 5mm D 3 5mm 47慌张步态可见于: A. 小脑疾病 B. 脊髓疾病 C. 脑性瘫痪 D 震颤麻痹 48口唇粘膜呈樱桃红色可见于: A. 贫血或 休克 B. Cushing 综合征 C. 阿托品中毒 D. 一氧化碳中毒 49认 知活动包括: A.
24、思维、语言、记忆 B. 思维、行为、定向 C. 思维、语言、定向 D. 语言、行为、定向 50. 就病人而言,最需护理干预的最常见的情绪状态: A.愤怒与痛苦 B.痛苦与焦虑 C.紧张与烦恼 D.焦虑与抑郁 51心电监护仪监测病人心律时常规放置的导联是: A I 导联 B II 导联 C 导联 D aVF 导联 52. 右房肥大的心电图特点是: A P 波在 II、 III 和 aVF 导联倒置 B P 波高尖,在 II、 III 和 aVF 导联明显 C P 波在 aVR 导联直立 D P 波在 V1 导联倒置 53以下属于 I 度房室传导阻滞的诊断要点的是: A. P-R 间期延长 0.2
25、1s 部分 P 波后脱落 QRS 波 B. P-R 间期逐渐延长,直至 P 波后脱落一个 QRS 波 C. P-R 间期恒定, 部分 P 波后脱落一个 QRS 波周期性出现 D. P-R 间期延长 0.21s, P 波后无 QRS 波脱落 54血 液中 CEA 增高常见于: A肝癌 B胰腺癌、结肠癌 C卵巢癌 D淋巴瘤、白血病 6 55血清类风湿因子阳性主要见于: A. 类风湿性关节炎 B. 冷球蛋白血症 C. SLE D. 慢性肝病 三、内、外科护理学:( 45% ,A 型题 -最佳选择题 ) 56 社 区获得性肺炎主要的病原菌是: A 金黄色葡萄球菌 B 肺炎链球菌 C 肺炎支原体 . D
26、 病毒 57支气管哮喘急性期的并发症不包括: A 肺炎 B 咯血 C 气胸 D .纵隔气肿 58 大咯血并发窒息的抢救措施中关键在于 : A立即消除呼吸道积血 B加压给氧 C立即应用呼吸兴奋剂 D监测血气分析 凝血机制 59阵发性室上性心动过速病人发病时最主要的护理诊断是: A焦虑 B活动无耐力 C潜在并发症,猝死 D潜在并发症,栓塞 60急性心肌梗死病人出现下列各 种情况 时 ,不能用吗啡 的情况应该是 A 心律加快 B 低血钾、低血钠 C 血压下降 、心率缓慢 D 呼吸抑制 61心悸、胸闷、乏力,心率 180 次 min,心律规则,应 考虑是 : A 窦性心动过速 B 室上性心动过速 C
27、室性心动过速 D 房性期前收缩 62 心肌损伤的心电图特征性表现是: A T 波深倒置 B ST段弓背型抬高 C ST 段下斜型降低 D ST T 鱼钩样降低 63洋地黄中毒常见的心电图表现是 : A室早二联律 B窦性心动过速 C ST-T 改变 D QT 间期缩短 64 消化性溃疡疼痛呈 周期性发作 , 多 发作时间是 A 早春至初夏 B 夏秋之交 C .秋冬之交 D 初秋至次年早春 65溃疡病最主要的症状是: A 返酸 、嗳气 B 腹胀 C 呕吐 D 慢性周期性疼痛 66 男性, 28 岁,上腹部疼痛 2 天,进食后疼痛加剧,疑为急性胰腺炎,饮食应为 : A禁食 B低糖流质 C稀饭 D普食
28、 67作用最强的抑制胃酸分泌的药物是: A 西米替丁 B 雷尼替丁 C 洛赛克 D、氢氧化铝 68 .某女士, 28 岁,因畏寒,发热 1 日,腰痛伴尿路刺激症半日 入 院,初步诊断为急性肾盂肾炎。鼓励病人多饮水 的 主要目的是 : A加速退热 B 维持体液平衡 C减少药物毒 性 不良反应 D促进细菌、毒素排出 7 69原发性肾病综合征病人水肿的主要原因是: A 低白蛋白血症 B 肾小管重吸收蛋白障碍 C 高脂血症 或蛋白质合成障碍 D 循环血容量不足 70 慢 性 粒 细胞性 白血 病 的突出表现是 : A淋巴结肿大 B脾肿大 C低热 、 贫血 D 出血 71. 急性白血病病人发热的主要原因
29、是: A. 感染 B. 代谢亢进 C. 内出血 D. 抗原抗体反应 72 需要输血时, Hb 通常下降 到的量是 : A 20g/L 左右 B 40g/L 左右 C 70g/L 左右 D 90g/L 左右 73糖尿病治疗的基础是: A饮食治疗 B口服降糖药治疗 C胰岛素治疗 D运动治疗 74 Cushing 综合征实验室检查中的特征性表现是: A 低血钾 或高血钠 B 血浆皮质醇昼夜节律消失 C 代谢性酸中毒 D 代谢性碱中毒 75口服磺脲类药物 引起的最常见的副反应是: A 血脂升高 B肝肾功能损伤 C过敏 及 胃肠道反应 D低血糖 76被乙型肝炎病人血液污染的针头刺破皮肤后应立即采取 的措
30、施是 A 立即注射乙肝疫苗 B 应用干扰素 C 立即注射丙种球蛋白 D. 立即注射高价乙肝免疫球蛋白 77 下列各 项 中 不 属于 帕金森氏病最主要临床表现 的是 : A震颤 、运动减少 B肌 张力强直 C 姿势步态异常 D抑郁 78导致短暂脑缺血发作最常见的病因是: A 动脉粥样硬化 B 高血压 C 情绪激动 D 吸烟 、 饮酒 79 下列 关于正常体液含量的叙述, 其中之一属于 错误的 是 : A成人男性体液总量占体重之 60% B男性多于女性 、婴儿多于成人 C成人多于老年人 D肥胖者多于肌肉发达者 80代谢性酸中毒的临床表现是: A呼吸浅而慢 B呼吸深而快 C血二氧化碳结合力升高 D
31、尿呈碱性 81.择期手术后 1 2 天,体温 38,最可能的原因是 A.手术切口感染 B.上呼吸道感染 C.伴发肺部感染 D.外科手术热 82张某,男, 49 岁,有吸烟史,全麻术后回病房,麻醉未清醒,病人血压、脉搏正常,吸气困难,呼吸时喉头有音,应考虑: A舌后坠 或喉痉挛 B呼吸道分泌物过多 C呕吐物窒息 D呼吸不规则 83术后急性 胃扩张治疗首选 方法是 : A禁食禁饮 B胃肠减压 C腹部热敷 D纠正体液紊乱 8 84某女, 24 岁,术后 24 小时突然出现面色苍白、心慌、气短、血压下降,伤口引流管流出大量鲜红色血性液体,考虑病人可能出现 的是 : A内出血 B切口感染 C切口血肿 D
32、切口裂开 85金黄色葡萄球菌感染的脓液特点是: A脓液稠厚,黄色,无臭 B 脓液特殊的恶臭 C脓液稠厚、恶臭 D脓液淡绿色、甜腥臭 86脓肿形成后应尽早: A理疗热敷 B大剂量应用抗生素 、外敷消炎膏 C切开引流 D反复抽脓 87张某,男, 21 岁,左小腿被钝性暴力打击,形成闭合性损伤, 下列是对其进行 局部处理 其中属于错误的是 : A局部制动 、抬高患肢 B 血肿加压包扎 C 血肿若进行性增大,需切开止血 D早期局部热敷 88可确诊肿瘤性质的诊断方法是: A CT或内镜检查 B B 超 C动脉造影 D病理活检 89恶性肿瘤的诊断,最可靠的依据是: A X 线、放射性核素或超声波检查 B肿
33、块质硬、固定 C血清酶学及免疫学检查 D病理学检查 90关于急性乳腺炎早期的护理, 其中属于 不妥的 方法 是: A患侧暂停授乳 B抬 高乳房 C局部冷敷 , 吸净积乳 D及早断乳 91某女, 37 岁,急性穿孔性阑尾炎术后 4 天出现下腹坠胀、便频、里急后重,体温复升,考虑可能是: A切口感染 或肠粘连 B 膈下脓肿 C痢疾 D盆腔脓肿 92护理疝修补术后病人时,下列各 项 中属于 错误的 是 : A及时处理大便秘结 B切口部位压沙袋 ,咳嗽时注意保护切口 C术后 3 个月内避免重体力劳动 D鼓励病人早期下床活动 93 溃疡病穿孔的好发部位: A胃小弯或十二指肠后壁 B胃大弯 或胃小弯 C胃
34、窦部 D幽门附近、胃和十二指肠前壁 94男性, 42 岁,因幽门梗阻持续反复呕吐,血清钾为 3mmol/L,动脉血 pH 值 7.53,剩余碱 10mmol/L, PaCO2mmHg45mmHg,应诊断为: A呼吸性碱中毒合并低钾血症 B代谢性碱中毒合并呼吸性酸中毒 C代谢性碱中毒合并呼吸性碱中毒 D代谢性碱中毒合并低钾血症 95下列各 项 中不属于阑尾炎的体征检查方法的是 A结肠充气试验 或直肠指检 B腰大肌试验 C 阑尾压痛 D墨菲征 96 下列有关 术后防止肺不张的措施 其 中 属于 不恰当的 措施是 : A.鼓励定时咳嗽 ,防止呕吐 B. 术前 2 周禁烟 C.术前训练深呼吸 D.胸、腹部切口应紧紧固定或绑扎 9 97结肠癌最早出现的临床表现多 数 为 : A贫血 B腹痛 或腹部肿块 C肠梗阻症状 D排便习惯及粪便性状改变 98出现夏柯三联征的胆道疾病是: A急性胆囊炎 B 萎缩性胆囊炎 C胆总管结石合并胆管炎 D肝胆管或胆囊结石管结石 99 韩女士, 60 岁。跌倒致右股骨颈骨折,现给予持续皮牵引处理。该患者最易发生的并发症是 : A 骨化 性肌炎 B髋关节创伤性关节炎 C C右坐骨神经损伤 D右股骨头缺血坏死 100 新鲜骨折的时间期限是 A 伤后 3 天 B 伤后 1 周 C 伤后 2 周 D 伤后 3 周