1、翻译练习During the meeting,hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him 他一开始说话，就被听众打断了 surrounded by the police, the kidnappers had no choices but to surrender on the spot (没有选择，只能投降)The concerned mother thrilled at the news of his sons having been admitted to the university(她的儿子被大学入取了
2、)The lecture was so boring that the students couldnt help yawning(学生忍不住打起哈欠)Ill be very grateful if you could be kind enough to give me a ride to school(好心载我一程去学校)( 除非你和保险公司签订了货物保险合同)Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you are not entitled to a repayment for the goo
3、ds damaged in delivery.It is reported that local health organization was established 25 years ago(据说当地的卫生组织 25 年前就成立了)when Dr.Mark became its first president.Mrs.Smith shut the window lest the noise outside (should) interfere with her sons sleep(外面的噪声会影响她儿子睡觉)The new mayor was charged with failure t
4、o fulfill his promise to decrease the inflation rate(未能履行他降低通货膨胀率的承诺)When confronted with such question, my mind goes blank(每当我遇到这类问题，我脑袋一篇空白)，and I can hardly remember my won date of birth.The customer complained that no sooner had he started the computer than it stopped working(他刚启动计算机，它就不运转了)What
5、 upset me was not what he said but the way he said it.(不是他说的话，二十他说话的方式)This piece of writing is more like a news report than a short story.(与其说是短篇小说，还不如说是新闻报道)The court ruling deprive him of his political right.(剥夺他的政治权力)Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, while animal behavior depends m
6、ostly on instinct.(然而动物的行为主要依靠本能)。The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, enables more women to take full advantages of employment of opportunities.(使得更多的妇女能够充分利用就业机会)The likely reactions of the market needs considering carefully before action a
7、re token(在采取行动之前需要认真考虑)He made such a contribution to the university that they named one of the buildings after him(以他的名字为其中一栋楼命名)He wasnt asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, being considering insufficiently popular with all members(因为考虑他无法得到全体成员的欢迎)Americans eat twice more protein tha
8、n (两倍多的蛋白质)they actually need every day。When you speak English, your pronunciation should be correct, otherwise you cant make yourself understood.(否则人家就听不懂你的意思了)My little daughter Marry, began to adapt herself to campus life after entering college for three months.(进入大学三个月后开始慢慢适应校园生活)Many drivers th
9、ink it necessary that the government should lay down more stricter traffic rules(政府制定更加严格的交通规则)Depending on what you are looking form you have to judge for yourself, how relevant the material to you(这些材料对你來说有多大相关性)The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, would have lost all
10、 practical value by the time they were finished.(等到完成的時候恐怕早就失去了所有价值)It was imperative that the secretary get these documents prepared before Tuesday.(秘书在周二之前把这些文件准备好)No matter how frequently performed,(无论多麽频繁的演奏)the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.To minimize the possibility of the
11、ft,(为了最大限度的減少盗窃的发生的可能性), install a good alarm system.I dont think it is wise of you to show off your greater knowledge in front of the director.(我认为在把主任面前卖弄你懂得更多知识是不明智的)， for it may offend him.With repeated hackers attack on your system, we came to realized the necessity of hiring a computer securit
12、y expert.(我們正逐渐意识到请一位计算机安全专家的必要性)Your work is good on the whole, but there is still room for improvement(但是仍然有需要改善的余地)The sun gives off light and warmth, which makes it possible for plants to grow(这使得植物生长成为可能)The father thought he could talked his daughter into changing her mind(他可以说服女儿改变主意)Nowadays
13、 advertising fees of new products are out of proportion to the cost of production.(与生产成本不成比例)Few people dont complain about the tedium of their jobs(很少人不抱怨工作点掉乏味), but they will feel more bored if they do not work.Henry has prepared a party for his girl friend, only to be told that she could not com
14、e by then(结果却被告知他到时候不能来)The chief reason for the population growth is more a fall in death rate than a rise in birth rates.Ture friendship foresees the needs of others rather than proclaims of ones own.(而不是声明自己的要求)although I liked the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it (但真
15、正让我觉得买下它的)was the bearutiful view through the window。The government was accused of failure to fulfill its to improve urban traffic conditions.(没能实现其改善城市交通状况的承诺)only in this way could we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate.(我们才能在毕业之后尽快适应社会 )No sooner had I lit the candle than it
16、was put out(我刚点着蜡烛，就被风吹灭了)Surrounded by the police, the kidnappers had no choices but to surrender on the spot(没有选择只好当场投降)Im very glad to know that my boss has generously agreed to write off my debt in return for certain services(作为一些服务的回报，我的老板慷慨的同意将我的欠款一笔勾销)Being out of work and having two children
17、, the couple found it impossible to make ends meet(夫妻两发现勉强维持升级是不能的)Generally speaking, when taken according to the direction(按照说明服用时), the drug has no side effect。Some people argue that most crime can be attributed to the greed for money.(可归咎于对金钱的贪婪)Finding it difficult to adapt to that climate ther
18、e(发现很难适应那里的气候), he decided to move to the north.Over a third of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.(没有机会享受医疗保健服务)Exercise One1._（通过体育锻炼） ，we can always stay healthy.2.According to the scientific research ,_ （听音乐能使我们放松）.Is this really true?3._（我们绝对不能）ignore the value
19、 of knowledge.4.As is known to all, _（假冒伪劣商品） harm the interests of consumers.5.Faced with failure,some people canstand up to it, _ （从失败中汲取教训）and try hard to fulfill what they aredetermined to do.1. By takingexercises解析：通过锻炼，我们可以保持健康。其实这题答案不止一个。 “锻炼”可以用名词也可以用动词短语。 “通过”可以用 by 表示方式，through 表示途径。Bytaki
20、ng exercises /Through exercises。往往 by 用于“by + doing”，而 through 后接名词哦。2.listening to music enables us to feelrelaxed解析：“听音乐” 在句中作主语， “听”应当处理成动名词形式。 “能使我们放松”很多同学会采用 can make us feelrelaxed 的结构。其实， enable 就有“能够使某人” 的含义，注意 enable sb. to do 的表达。3. On no accountcan we解析：本题是强调语气，强调“决不能”，所以联想到 on no account
21、 ,by no means,at no time,in nocase 等。不管用哪一个，都要注意它们是含有否定的意味的，因此在置于句首时应使用倒装语序。来源：考试大4. fake and inferiorcommodities解析：“假冒伪劣商品” 包含两层含义：一是假货，二是次品，在翻译成英文的时候应该注意两层含义的正确译法。“假冒”不能用 false 而应选择 fake， “次品”可以说 inferior 表示质量差，也可以用 commodityof low quality。5. draw useful lessons fromit 来源：考试大解析：句意为：面对失败，有的人能够顽强抵抗，
22、从中吸取教训，努力实现他们的目标。本句由三个并列的谓语成分构成，谓语动词分别是 stand upto“汲取” 和 try。 “汲取教训”正确表达为 draw a lessonfrom。然而我们又能从全句判断，从失败中吸取教训是为了将来能够更好地实现目标，因此加上修饰语 useful，使内容更明确。Exercise Two1.Everyone has his inherent ability ,_ （只是很容易被习惯所掩盖）.2.The importance of traffic safety , _ （无论如何强调都不为过）.3.In my opinion , _ （打电动玩具既浪费时间也有害
23、健康）.4.There is no doubt that _ （近视是一个很严重的问题）among the youth of our country.5.According to my personal experience , _ （微笑已带给我许多好处）.答案：1. which is easily concealed by habits解析：每个人都有与生俱来的能力，只是很容易被习惯所掩盖。本题的难点在于对动词“掩盖”的选择。这里的“掩盖”是抽象含义，并不是像 cover 那样能找到真实的掩盖物，所以应该选择 conceal，常用搭配由：concealfrom 。另外，这句话是一个非限制性
24、定语从句。句子需填补内容是对 ability 的补充说明， “能力” 是中心词。因此，要用 which引导这个非限制性定语从句。采集者退散2. cant be overemphasized / cant be emphasized too much解析：本句考查的是“再也不为过的”的说法。英语句型是：cannot + do sth. + too much 或 cannot over-do，如：He is so excellent that we cannot praise him too much.（他是这样的优秀，我们怎样称赞他都不过分。 ）cannot 是否定，与too much 和 ov
25、er-V. 结构连用时强调肯定，表示“怎么也不为过”。3. playing video games not only takes much time but also does harm to health解析：句子需填补部分的主语是“打电动玩具”，虽然“打”是动词，但根据全句结构我们需要将 play 处理成动名词形式充当主语。此外，考察“不仅还”的句型。 “浪费时间 ”除了答案表达之外也可以用 waste time 。4. near-sightedness is a serious problem解析：There is no doubt that 后接从句，从句里应有完整的主谓宾结构。如：T
26、here is no doubt that the thief jumped into the room from the balcony in the second floor.（毫无疑问，小偷是从二楼的阳台跳进来的。 ） “近视”还可以说成myopia 或 short sight 。5. smile has done me a lot of good解析：本题考察“带给某人很多好处”的表达。我们知道“对某人有好处”可以说成 do good to sb. 或 do sb. good，依此类推， “给我带来很多好处”就是：do a lot of good to me 或 do me a lot
27、 of good 。Exercise Three1.We wish to convey to you _ （我们衷心的祝贺）.2. _（无论从哪一方面考虑） ，they ought to be given another chance.3. _（随着时间的流逝）,.they forgot their bitter sufferings.4.We must _（使自己适应）the demands of our times; otherwise well fall behind the other industrialized nations of the world.5.The number o
28、f the students in the city has _ （增加了五倍） in comparison with 2001.答案：1. our hearty congratulations解析：全句意为：我们希望向你表达我们衷心的祝福。主要考查词是“衷心的”。hearty 表示发自内心的，衷心的，亲切的，热烈的意思。如：a hearty welcome（热烈的欢迎） ；a hearty invitation（真诚的邀请） ；a hearty support（全力的支持） 。另外， “希望（做）某事”可以说成：wish to do sth./ wish + sth.2. Taking ev
29、erything into consideration解析：本题考查的是反面表达法。 “无论从哪一方面考虑”即：方方面面都考虑到。 “考虑”的短语表达有：take sth. into consideration /take sth. into account 。因为此句主句已给出，所以 take 应用现在分词的形式，在句中作原因状语。本句采用反译法，使译文符合英文表达习惯。3. With the passage of time解析： 本题是考查固定搭配， “时间流逝”应译为 the passing / passage of time ， “随着”应选用介词 with，请看例句：We grow
30、older with the hours.（我们随着时光流逝而长大。 ）4. adapt ourselves to解析：本句意为：我们必须使自己适应这个时代的要求，否则就会落后于世界其他工业国家。主要考查“使适应” 的用法：adapt to / adapt sb. to，如：adapt themselves to city life（使他们适应城市生活） ；You should adapt yourself to the new environment.（你应该适应新环境） 。adapt 除了有“使适应”含义外，还有“改编，改写” 之意。考生也常将 adapt 和 adopt 相混淆。 ado
31、pt 有“采纳，接受，领养 ”之意。5. increased 6 times解析：本题考查关于倍数的说法。 “增加了 5 倍”即增加到 6 倍。用 times 与 fold 表示“增加”时，要注意英语要多说一倍。如 Output of coal increased four times（或 fourfold） .（媒产量增加了 3 倍） 。Exercise Five1._ （他们没有去游泳） ，they went to play football that day.2.There is no doubt that _ （需求的增长导致了价格的上涨）.3.He cannot win a good
32、 reputation，_ （因为他多嘴多舌） .4.We have reasons to believe that, _ （一个更加光明美好的未来等着我们）.5.There are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society，_ （但是只有那些做好充分准备并且高度称职的人）can make use of them to achieve purpose.答案：1. Instead of going swimming解析：原文中“没有” 并不一定要对应成 didnt，这里我们可以使用 instead of，使译文简洁明了，合乎英语习惯。
33、采用正译法，用英语不带否定词的表达来代替中文的“没有去”。从本题及 Exercise Two 中的第二题我们可以得出结论：汉译英时，可以灵活变换句型，充分利用英语的否定或半否定语气的词语或结构，以便使译句符合英语习惯。从另一角度看，后半句英语没有出现表示转折含义的连接词（如 but） ，因此 They didnt go swimming 也是不成立的，不符合句法规范。2. the increase in demand resulted in /caused the rise in prices解析：考生要注意分清 result from 和 result in 的区别。 result from
34、 指 be caused by（由产生） ，是指原因；result in 指 cause，lead to（导致） ，是指结果。本题还有一个考点就是：做翻译时，应尽量照顾并行结构的前后一致，如：the increase in demand and the rise in prices。3. because he has a loose tongue解析：“多嘴多舌” 显然有 gossip 的意思。因此我们在翻译时应先挖掘其深层含义，再用适当的英文表达出来。答案 because he has a loose tongue 看起来与原文并不对应，但却形象地讲内涵表达了出来。其他类似的翻译还有：a b
35、itter tongue（刻薄嘴） ；a long tongue（快嘴） ；a rough tongue（粗鲁话） ；a sharp tongue（言语尖刻） ；a silver tongue（流利的口才） ；a smooth tongue（油嘴滑舌） 。4. we would have a better and brighter future解析：本题意为：我们有理由相信，一个更加光明美好的未来等着我们。句子需填入部分特别容易被译成：a better and brighter future waits for us。这是因为受到了中文母语的干扰，思维被中文的语序牵着跑。如果这样译的话就会导致
36、前后半句的主语发生转换，前面是 we，后面是 the future。这种转换在英文里就会显得非常突兀，不符合英文表达习惯。因此我们可以在汉译英稍作变通，将前后主语统一为“we”。本题还有一点考生要留意的是，是否能分清wait 和 await 的使用区别。两者都表示 “等待”，wait 是不及物动词，必须后接介词 for；await 是及物动词，可以后接人。5. but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly解析：本句考生特别容易译成：the prepared and the qualified。定冠词 the 加上
37、形容词可以表示某一类人。 the prepared and the qualified 就指代“作了准备的人”和“ 有资格的人”，但遗漏了原文中的“ 充分”和“高度”。由于原句的修饰部分内容很多，因此不适宜用“the 形容词”的结构来指代某一类人。对于这种情况我们可以采用“某一类人后置定语”的方法。这样答案就是 but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly。全句的意思是：在我们的社会里，人人都有许多机遇，但是只有那些作好充分准备并且高度称职的人才能利用机遇达到目的。Exercise Six1.In this wa
38、y, I believe that all the people may be able to _ （像我一样享受乘坐公车的乐趣）.2.By practicing these, I have been able to _ （在智育方面我一直能不断进步）.3.According to a recent survey, four million people _ （死于与吸烟有关的疾病）each year.4._（没有一项发明获得如此多的表扬和批评）than Internet.5.An increasing number of people are beginning to realize _ （
39、教育不能随着毕业而结束）.答案：1. enjoy the bus ride like me解析：“享受的乐趣”直接用 enjoy 翻译即可。 “乘坐公交车 ”在这里相当于一个名词短语，因此应翻译成 bus ride 而不是 take the bus。如果将句子翻译成 enjoy taking the bus，意思就与 enjoy the bus ride 稍有区别。前者强调动态，表示某个动作的进行，后者强调静态，表示某一经常性习惯性做法。2. make constant progress in intellectual education解析：“不断进步” 是指不断取得进步， “取得进步”用短
40、语 make progress。 “不断”应选择 constant。 “在智育方面”作状语置于句末。3. die of diseases linked to smoking解析：本句意为“由最近调查显示，每年有 400 万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病”。 “死于”既可以用短语 die of 也可以用 die from，但考生应注意两者用法上的区别。 “与相关”可以选用 related to，associated with，linked to 。4. No invention has received more praise and abuse解析：本题考点是关于“没有比更”的表达，前后比较的是物“其
41、他发明”与“ 因特网”。它的基本结构是：no sth. more than。也可以用于人的比较，如：Of all the people I know, perhaps none deserves my respect more than Miss Chang, my English teacher.5. that education is not complete with graduation解析：“随着而结束/ 终结”要用 be complete/ end with sth.，采用的是词性转换法。将句中的动词“结束” 转换成英语里的形容词 complete。当然，如果大家译成动词 end
42、也是可以的，即：that education cannot end with graduation。另外，本句需填入的是一个从句，因此不能遗漏 that。Exercise Seven1.I replied to her that _ （我将会接受她的邀请） .2.She was angry with her husband ,so _ （她不理不睬）when he spoke to her.3.How could we get news in our own society or abroad _ （没有报纸的话）?4.The latest census shows that Chinas p
43、opulation _ （已超过 10 亿）5.We have had ten recorders ,but we still need _（需要这么多）as again.答案：1. I would accept her invitation解析：本题考点一是时态的一致。由于前半句时态是 replied，因此“将要” 应译为 would。本题考点二是“接受 ”的英文表达。accept 和 receive 都有表示接受的意思。receive 指客观已经发生的情况。它只表明事实上收到某物而不管接受者主观上是否愿意接受。如：My father received a letter this morni
44、ng. 而 accept 带有主动或赞许的意味，表示不但收下某物，而且内心也同意接受。如：Please accept my little present.下面这句话可以帮助大家分清两个词的使用域：He received an invitation yesterday but he did not accept it.（他昨天收到一份邀请，但却没有接受。 ）2. she ignored him解析：由句意可知，她是对丈夫生气了，因而丈夫和她说话时她不予理睬。本题要注意 ignore 和 neglect 在含义上的差别。Ignore 是故意不理睬别人，而 neglect 是表示疏忽（责任等） ，并
45、非故意，常和 to 连用，如：Dont neglect to lock the door.3. without newspaper解析：本句是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气句，虚拟语气句并不一定全部要用 if 条件句引导。很多情况下，一些介词或介词短语，副词短语的出现要求整个句子使用虚拟语气。without 就是其中之一。如：I couldnt have passed this exam without your help.（没有你的帮助，我不可能通过这次考试。 ）这句话用 if 条件句来表达就是 I couldnt have passed this exam if I hadnt had yo
46、ur help. 除了 without 外，英语里还有很多这样的词或短语是虚拟语气标志词。如：as if，as though，lest，for fear that，in case，even if，even though，in order that，so that，大家在复习虚拟语气语法点的时候要注意总结。4. has exceeded one billion解析：本句意为：据最新的人口普查，中国人口已超过 10 亿。本题一是要正确写出数字“10 亿”，二是要正确选词“超过”，三是要注意完成时态。5. as many解析：本题考查倍数对等的正确说法，可以用“ as adj. as”的结构。本句意
47、为：我们已经有 10 台录音机了，但是我们还需要 10 台。Exercise Eight1. _ （我们确定搞两个开放）：namely, to open up both externally and internally.2. _ （不用说）that hes been there before.3. _ （真想不到）that he had done a thing like that.4.Premier Zhou _ （一心想着人民的利益） .5. _（她非常不情愿地）that she agreed to help.答案：1. We have decided on an open policy in two respects解析：本题考查了语序的调整。 “两个开放”在原句中充当宾语，但是英语却不能说 two opens，只能理解成“在两个方面实行开放政策”。因此， “搞两个开放” 应处理成“动词宾语状语” 的结构。另外， “搞”字在英语中没有一个绝对的对等词，而且“搞” 在汉语是一个动词，经常带一些宾语、状语、补语，这些成分和“搞”字一起传情达意。读者在英译的时候应注意对“搞” 字的准确翻译。如：你到底在搞什么？ What the
