1、1毕业论文开题报告英语商务信函的文体特点及其翻译一、论文选题的背景、意义近年来，我国与世界各国的国际商务关系不断地发展深化，商务英语在跨国商务和国际经济活动中的作用也日益突出。在与外商的交往中，从建立业务关系，谈判到合同的履行都离不开商务英语信函。由于外贸交易的双方来自不同的国度，有着不同的文化和社会背景，而且为了各自的利益会据理力争。在这种经济全球化大背景下，英语商务信函是商务活动和贸易往来时洽谈交易、联系业务、发展贸易的一种重要的应用性交流工具。大量书面磋商工作都是通过商务信函实现的,是买卖双方进行磋商的重要手段，其质量好坏会严重影响到企业的形象,甚至影响到交易的成败。翻译商务信函是商务运
2、作中双方关于业务往来的通信，由于这些信函涉及到双方的权利和义务，很多时候商务信函可以作为解决商务活动争端的法律依据，所以商务信函正是通过把信息准确无误地传达出去来体现它的商业价值。基于此目的，商务信函在措辞和语气上尤其讲究礼貌、委婉、严谨，即使是在表示不满情绪和反对意见甚至责备时，仍然要灵活应对，采取恰当的话语策略。如果能够礼貌、含蓄、得体的陈述自己的观点，或是提出请求和建议，就能更容易达到交易双方预期目的。因此，正确而熟练运用英语进行商务信函沟通成为国际商务人员的必备技能。研究英语商务信函的文体特点与翻译原则和技巧，对于提高国际商务人员的英语书面沟通能力、促进国际商务活动的顺利开展具有重要现
3、实意义。二、相关研究的最新成果及动态1商务信函不同于普通交流性手段，特点鲜明，按照传统的说法遵循七条原则（分别是体贴、完整、准确、具体、简洁、清楚、礼貌），其目的是维持良好的业务关系、进行有效的交流和进行正常的商务往来。其核心为效率，经济性与简洁性为效率的具体表现。二者的根本在于高效经济和达意清晰，效率是目的，内容是载体，二者相辅相成，缺一不可。2商务信函翻译比较偏重于“实用效果”，其主要功能是准确传递经济信息，而不是为了取得美学效应和欣赏效果；根据不同的目的，采用不同的手段处理不同的内容；比较程式化，内容不允许出错。因而，译者一方面需要懂得、熟悉专业的行话、术语，翻译时意义忠实且术语精确；另
4、一方面要尽可能地用对等的语言，将相关的信息更为精练准确地表达出来。2由于商务函电涉及英、汉语言的翻译与运用，且函电又有其语言、语法、句子结构等方面的特殊性，加上中西方文化差异等原因，这就决定了在商务函电翻译中不可能是绝对的对等，而是相对和动态对等。因此，动态等值理论在商务信函翻译中起着重要的作用。3根据语言使用中交际双方的相对地位与社会关系的不同，可以大致分为五种语体冷漠体、正式体、商量体、随便体和亲密体。4国际商务英语信函虽有口语化的趋势,但其主要还是一。种正式体书面英语,层次复杂的从句和长句的使用通常高于非正式英语。这适合表达多层次的复杂逻辑关系,可以充分完整地表达相互关联的意义,这种效果
5、是短句无法达到的。由于国际商务公函常常要表示某些条款相互成立、互为条件,或对某些一连串的具有因果关系的事件进行叙述,因而这种长而复杂的语体就非常适合这种情况。5就文体演变的历史而言,现在商务英语信函中使用的。英语脱胎于19世纪英国海外贸易中所使用的语言,它以朴素纪实、严谨规范、庄重典雅等特点而著称,尽力保持“公事公办的持重感”BUSINESSPOISE,表现出较为独特、自成一路的风格特征。三、课题的研究内容及拟采取的研究方法、技术路线及研究难点，预期达到的目标本文首先从文体学的角度出发，对商务信函的文体风格进行了探讨，得出了商务信函独特的文体特征。分为两大部分，第一部分是商务信函的词汇特征，其
6、主要特点是1用词规范正式。2表意正确，专业性强。3语言易懂，朴实平易。第二部分是商务信函的语法特点，主要表现在商务信函的句子类型，结构，委婉、礼貌的语气，虚拟语气的运用。然后在讨论了目的论与翻译之间的关系，得出在一般翻译中要注意哪些，再进一步分析商务信函翻译的原则和技巧，并举例加以说明。商务信函作为一种特殊的文体，具有内容专业性、语体正式性、语句简明性和格式程式性等特点，因此一般的翻译所遵循的翻译标准，并不能解决商务信函翻译的具体情况。商务信函的翻译标准应该是多元化的，具体表现在信息准确、语气得体、句法严谨。论文将从六大部分来完成。如1INTRODUCTIONTOINTERNATIONALBU
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10、特之处和翻译时与其他文体翻译的不同之处，并要高度重视。在写本论文中，本人感觉最大的难点就是在于自己本身对于翻译和文体学方面的知识的掌握和研究颇少，所以在把它们结合到对商务信函的文体特点及其翻译的探索中还是会存在一些不足之处，不能很灵活性的把三者融合在一起，前后的联系不紧凑。还有就是目前自己4在实际生活和工作中对商务信函的接触不多，因此在举例说明的时候，所知道的代表性的句子不多，只能从别人那里借鉴过来。之所以会选择这个主题进行研究，因为要想做好业务员的工作，首先写商务信函是必不可少的一项，当然会写是还不够，还要写的好，为此主要是希望自己能够对商务信函有深入的了解，在以后的外贸生涯中能够很好地应用
11、商务信函，通过高质量的信函与客户来回交流，促成交易的成功。四、论文详细工作进度和安排2010年11月5日，定论文题目2010年11月10日，就论文开题报告开会2010年11月15日至12月25日，开始收集资料2010年11月25日至12月30日，撰写文献综述，开题报告2011年1月至3月10日，完成一稿（一稿要求有中文）2011年3月底至5月初，继续论文的修改加以完善，并提交二稿、三稿2011年5月20日，提交论文终稿五、主要参考文献1LEECH,GN“THISBREADIBREAKLANGUAGEANDINTERPRETATION”INDCFREEMANEDLINGUISTICSANDLIT
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