1、1The Application of Plinth Carving Style in Ancient Construction Works of HuizhouAbstract. The plinth exists in ancient buildings housing， which has become an excellent site for skillful craftsmen display their skills， and also reflect the pursuit of the perfect master ideal carrier. It is an import
2、ant part of the ancient building housing construction， traditional patriarchal values constitutes a pattern of Huizhou architecture design constraints， but patriarchal concept， but also has a strong sense of cohesion and binding， reflects the attitude towards life and aesthetic appeal of the Settler
3、 showed pursuit and creating an ideal living environment， ancient labor people are brilliantly creative and industrious cumulative left an extremely valuable cultural heritage. Its research and analysis will be conducive to the understanding of the social conditions of Huizhou in the Ming and Qing d
4、ynasties. There are visits to the spirit of traditional Chinese art style is conducive to the prosperity of the Chinese nation and regional culture， contribute to the achievement of mankind has been the pursuit of nature， man and man， mans own overall harmonious ideals； advocate of all things as a w
5、hole， and advocated the 2protection of nature， is Chinas fine cultural traditions. Key words： Plinth， Ornamentation， Moral， Aesthetic Taste， Confucianism， Social Spirit， Tradition Introduction Ancient land of the Ming and Qing houses， our ancestors bequeathed to us a valuable asset. Scattered in the
6、 vast land of China， like many bright pearls； It is the ideal home of the ancient Huizhou people， today the spirit of our boarding places； residential villages plain black and gray color， white walls and gray tiles， black wall stack， the five stacked wharf wall， as well as arch， ancestral halls， tem
7、ples， bridges， pagodas， pavilions， configured to appropriately echo the undulating hills， tree jungle， lining emerged in the blue sky， the lies by the breeze， turns out to be windows and smell the bird sound， go see Tsui Ping Xiushan Lishui township. The rhythm of cornices， doors and windows， stone
8、carving， wood carving brick beautifully decorated， well-preserved ancient buildings hauntingly， brings us back to that time dusty years. Stroll in the Bluestone paved roadway in the Middle Kingdom， in the courtyard of the old house or around the 3village， we can often see a lot of abandoned in the s
9、tone plinth； some shape huge base， is placed in the hall， courtyard placed flowers， bonsai and other ornamental items. Plinth， also known as the stone plinth sub， it has a long history that the records used in the Shang Dynasty. Traditional building of brick and wood， are relying on the pillars to s
10、upport the wooden beams and roof， so have a wall collapsed house does not collapse characteristics. The plinth of the column body weight bearing dispersed in a larger area of the ground， and the stone plinth can be moisture-proof， has a protective effect on wooden pillars. Plinth strategic location，
11、 compelling， so often becomes the perfect site for skillful craftsmen display their skills， but also reflect the masters ideal pursuit of the perfect carrier is an important part of the ancient buildings housing constructed to support the huge wooden structure of the entire housing weight， is genera
12、lly rocky. Most of modeling， the exquisite ornamentation， age； major relief， openwork dimensional carving techniques， local materials， wood art facilities for the principle， Bluestone， black tea， stone and the tea garden stone， are the emblem of ground used stone， hard stone， timber stress. Emblem g
13、round stone all over the 4territory of Siyu， North the Yixian County source Yixian Bluestone “： East Shexian production“ Phoenix Stone “； south Hugh Wucheng at the junction of the mountain precious inkstone material stone； West Xiuning County West Hall production white linen gravel. Addition of Chun
14、an County plainer Caine long “tea garden stone， solid depend on the Xinanjiang shipping convenience also is the emblem of the land standing stone. Vernacular Architecture of Ancient gregarious constantly extending， mapping the mentality of a Huishang common aesthetic utilitarian purpose and totemic
15、beliefs. However， due to the traditional Confucian Wisdom and other concepts people as the code of conduct in the daily life， regardless of any one person in the clan regardless of their financial resources and more abundant， statues and more prominent， returned to the village， must abide by the fam
16、ily rules. Traditional patriarchal concept constitutes a pattern of Huizhou architecture design constraints， but patriarchal concept， but also has a strong sense of cohesion and binding. The Plinth Shaped the Evolution of the System Development and Cultural Connotations With The Business Prosperity
17、periods have a traditional sense of returning to their roots， successful people， the 5majority of people want to homecoming， the family name， more and more people to return home to build a house on the formation of scale， materials， indoor and outdoor decoration luxury degree comparisons atmosphere，
18、 this period carved a unique style of artistic ideas and level from the type of character town toward the type of life and culture type， and the type of plinth carved a variety of forms of development. These plinths complement and other housing decoration and reflects the spiritual aspirations and a
19、esthetic sentiment of the building owner. Grew up in the material， spiritual， suppliers rich royal palace， many of the social and psychological factors common constraints Qing Dynasty architecture carving art presented as an unprecedented mobility and openness， carving source fan poor highly by cove
20、ring the facade decoration of the Qing Dynasty architecture art culture， social embodying the spirit of social ethics and popular culture. The carving overall design intent of Ancient residential Plinth conformal theory as the dominant ideology in the overall form a thorough， layout and aesthetic ph
21、ilosophy “non-spectacular no JONNESWAY“ is the theme of the architectural concept， focusing on Shigetomi colorful entertainment and quiet block， leading spirit of the tastes of 6the public culture， design real virtual affectionate intention， scenes and emotions with Aesthetic fully reflect the Huish
22、ang the literati of elegant gas， Confucianism and Taoism Buddha Wonderland， Huizhou This unique mode of thinking， emotions and ideals lies in the formation of a relatively stable residential body differences common cut combination of unity with the surrounding environment， so we felt a distinguished
23、 stately constant sense. Also reflects the aesthetic of Huishang a utilitarian purpose and faith. Plinth from the original town symbol of sexual evolved into a symbolic concept， this process has experienced hundreds of years， the highest state of the art of architecture is the true， natural， not the
24、 pursuit of surface rendering， only the pursuit of the environment and the human spirit hint as gas， no matter is a sculpture in the round， high relief， pierced carving， flat-line engraved and ideals symbolic pattern carved， as if from a unified planning and design. Those homes owned of these exquis
25、ite Plinth stones-carving art has allowed us to sigh. Features and Aesthetic of the Plinth Shaped System Plinth shape drum， melon-shaped， gourd-shaped bottle-shaped lotus-shaped ancient mirror shaped， raspberry-shaped， 7cylindrical， square column， etc. Plinth of different shapes， have different mean
26、ings. Melon shaped and evolved by melon shaped drum-shaped， bottle-shaped， and derived from the bottle-shaped gourd-shaped， was widely used in the building earlier and reproductive worship great relationship. Melons multi-seed breed rapidly and have become widely accepted. The Gourd even is regarded
27、 as a sign of masculinity. The folk legend， after the flood， hidden in a melon inside for the survival of the brother and sister forced to marry， reproduce， so gourd worshiped as ancestral spirits. Later， people turn the gourd regarded as the incarnation of “Fluke“ and a symbol of longevity， the mel
28、on-shaped drum， bottle-shaped， gourd-shaped stone plinth gradually stylized eventually become accepted by the people of all nationalities auspicious graphics. Bottle-shaped mirror shaped stone plinth， whichever homonym， respectively， meaning “flat“ and “quiet“. Enjoy a quiet life， is one of the goal
29、s of the people to pursue. Today， many buildings still placed a porcelain vase and mirror， the intention at a glance. On the bottom of the circle， on behalf of heaven and earth， the meaning of indomitable spirit， Heaven and. six prism stone plinths， and 8its plane projection seemed Turtle， meaning l
30、ongevity. Eight prism adopt its homonym developed， meaning that Minyan “If we want to send to stray from eight.“ Gourd-shaped substantially decreased and pomegranate-shaped. Hold the drum， which is to take “Fluke“ homophobic gourd when he took “more children“ good luck， have a profound folk cultural
31、 connotation. Soe column and raspberry basis is another feature of the Ming Dynasty architecture. Some houses can be seen in the house very conspicuous erect a root thick wooden pillars， these pillars are not up and down as thick， but starting from the middle of the upper and lower ends gradually cl
32、osing small fusiform， so called shuttle column. Shuttle column by its lower part of the bedrock of support， this is the plinth. If you pay close attention， will be able to find this building Ming ranking plinth exquisite workmanship， in various forms， that is， round， octagonal， there are changes in
33、the shape of round or octagonal based on， but the basic shape like the pot bottom side up， also known as raspberry basis. Remained at the bottom of the square， four sides perpendicular to close the four corners of the square hewn concave arc， while the four corners beveled not cut into equilateral o
34、ctagon for convex line received as a circular line full of change， tactics concise， 9quaint and beautiful body. There between the shuttle column and plinth， adding a wood， is very unique. According to construction experts， this design has a shockproof function and protects the role of the shuttle co
35、lumn. According to some experts， the major construction， not necessarily with the complex shape of the plinth， such as the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties Plinth touches advocating ancient mirror concise style， colorful and temple Plinth instead. Retained some Toudiao stone plinth in
36、the hospital， quite vivid. Rough stone to build the ancient stone carving skills in todays society seems to be increasingly faced with inheritance problems， because of the extensive use of reinforced concrete， the civil structure of the house is less， these stone carvings member also certain occasio
37、ns adapt. Which often has become a traditional craft heritage of the availability of the deciding factors？ Plinth Carved Decoration Plot the Contents of the Performance The plinth decorated plot mainly from local life and customs， religious beliefs， psychological hobby and aesthetic ideas with the s
38、ymbolic significance of the Chi Cheung Hannaford. Ancient has a long history， profound culture old 10Sustaining Confucian， Taoist and Buddhist thought， the theme of the plinth stone carving works， both from the artistic aesthetic taste， or from the teaching features， necessarily involves the Confuci
39、an ethical philosophy. Plinth close connection with the decorative and folk culture， showing the unique characteristics of folk， reflect the specific historical circumstances， and embodies the spiritual needs of the Ancient People. From the content of the plinth stone decorated performance， can be d
40、ivided into the figurative class， abstract class， language and imagery class performance. A variety of categories， a variety of decorative merged to form the new patterns， its purpose is to create a lively and rich scene composition. Development The late Qing operas， folk diagram， such as obesity， s
41、wim spring fling Figure， a gentleman farmer， and interpret blueprints， three story map on the expression of the content of the plot， mainly by the geometric patterns of the Ming dynasty. We can see the different performance implication of different aspects of the theme in the stone， deep into Confucian life， business， and official philosophy. Figurative form of reproduction physical origin. Figurative classy patterns are mostly drawn to nature in its natural
